A COMPANION TO GREEK TRAGEDY BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO THE ANCIENT WORLD This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of periods of ancient history, genres of classical literature, and the most important themes in ancient culture. Each volume comprises between twenty-fiveandfortyconciseessayswrittenbyindividualscholarswithintheirareaofspecialization.The essays are written in a clear, provocative, and lively manner, designed for an international audience of scholars,students,andgeneralreaders. ANCIENT HISTORY Published ACompaniontotheAncientNearEast EditedbyDanielC.Snell ACompaniontotheHellenisticWorld EditedbyAndrewErskine Inpreparation ACompaniontotheArchaicGreekWorld EditedbyKurtA.RaaflaubandHansvanWees ACompaniontotheClassicalGreekWorld EditedbyKonradH.Kinzl ACompaniontotheRomanRepublic EditedbyNathanRosensteinandRobertMorstein-Marx ACompaniontotheRomanEmpire EditedbyDavidPotter ACompaniontotheRomanArmy EditedbyPaulErdkamp ACompaniontoByzantium EditedbyElizabethJames ACompaniontoLateAntiquity EditedbyPhilipRousseau LITERATUREAND CULTURE Published ACompaniontoAncientEpic EditedbyJohnMilesFoley ACompaniontoGreekTragedy EditedbyJustinaGregory ACompaniontoLatinLiterature EditedbyStephenHarrison Inpreparation ACompaniontoClassicalMythology EditedbyKenDowden ACompaniontoGreekandRomanHistoriography EditedbyJohnMarincola ACompaniontoGreekReligion EditedbyDanielOgden ACompaniontoGreekRhetoric EditedbyIanWorthington ACompaniontoRomanRhetoric EditedbyWilliamJ.DominikandJonathanHall ACompaniontotheClassicalTradition EditedbyCraigKallendorf ACompaniontoRomanReligion EditedbyJ¨orgRu¨pke A COMPANION TO GREEK TRAGEDY Edited by Justina Gregory (cid:1)2005byBlackwellPublishingLtd BLACKWELLPUBLISHING 350MainStreet,Malden,MA02148-5020,USA 9600GarsingtonRoad,OxfordOX42DQ,UK 550SwanstonStreet,Carlton,Victoria3053,Australia TherightofJustinaGregorytobeidentifiedastheAuthoroftheEditorialMaterialinthisWorkhasbeen assertedinaccordancewiththeUKCopyright,Designs,andPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,or transmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise, exceptaspermittedbytheUKCopyright,Designs,andPatentsAct1988,withoutthepriorpermissionof thepublisher. Firstpublished2005byBlackwellPublishingLtd LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData AcompaniontoGreektragedy/editedbyJustinaGregory. p.cm.—(Blackwellcompanionstotheancientworld.Ancienthistory) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN-13:978-1-4051-0770-9(alk.paper) ISBN-10:1-4051-0770-7(alk.paper) 1. Greekdrama(Tragedy)—Historyandcriticism.I.Gregory,Justina. II. Series. PA3131.C562006 882’.0109—dc22 2004024920 AcataloguerecordforthistitleisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. Setin10/12ptGalliard bySPIPublisherServices,Pondicherry,India. PrintedandboundinIndia byReplikaPressLtd. Thepublisher’spolicyistousepermanentpaperfrommillsthatoperateasustainableforestrypolicy,and whichhasbeenmanufacturedfrompulpprocessedusingacid-freeandelementarychlorine-freepractices. Furthermore,thepublisherensuresthatthetextpaperandcoverboardusedhavemetacceptable environmentalaccreditationstandards. Forfurtherinformationon BlackwellPublishing,visitourwebsite: www.blackwellpublishing.com Maenadandaulos-player.Atticred-figurepelikeinthestyleoftheearlierMannerists.ca. 460BCE.BPKBerlin,Antikensammlung,StaatlicheMuseenZuBerlin.Photo:Johannes Laurentius. Contents List of Illustrations x Note on Contributors xi Preface and Acknowledgments xvi Abbreviations and Editions xvii PART I CONTEXTS 1 1 Fifth-CenturyAthenian Historyand Tragedy 3 Paula Debnar 2 Tragedy and Religion: TheProblem of Origins 23 Scott Scullion 3 Dithyramb, Comedy,and Satyr-Play 38 Bernd Seidensticker 4 Tragedy’s Teaching 55 Neil Croally 5 Tragedy and the Early Greek Philosophical Tradition 71 William Allan 6 Tragedy,Rhetoric, and PerformanceCulture 83 Christopher Pelling 7 Pictures of Tragedy? 103 JocelynPenny Small PART II ELEMENTS 119 8 Myth 121 Michael J.Anderson viii Contents 9 Beginningsand Endings 136 Deborah H. Roberts 10 Lyric 149 Luigi Battezzato 11 Episodes 167 Michael R. Halleran 12 Music 183 Peter Wilson 13 Theatrical Production 194 John Davidson PART III APPROACHES 213 14 Aeschylean Tragedy 215 SuzanneSaı¨d 15 SophocleanTragedy 233 Ruth Scodel 16 Euripidean Tragedy 251 Justina Gregory 17 Lost Tragedies:A Survey 271 MartinCropp 18 Tragedy and Anthropology 293 Christiane Sourvinou-Inwood 19 Values 305 Douglas Cairns 20 TheGods 321 Donald Mastronarde 21 Authority Figures 333 Mark Griffith 22 Women’s Voices 352 Judith Mossman 23 Marginal Figures 366 MaryEbbott PART IV RECEPTION 377 24 Text and Transmission 379 David Kovacs Contents ix 25 Learning from Suffering: Ancient Responses to Tragedy 394 StephenHalliwell 26 Polis and Empire: GreekTragedy inRome 413 Vassiliki Panoussi 27 Italian ReceptionofGreekTragedy 428 SalvatoreDiMaria 28 Nietzscheon Greek Tragedy and the Tragic 444 AlbertHenrichs 29 Greek Tragedy and Western Perceptions of Actors and Acting 459 Ismene Lada-Richards 30 The Theater of Innumerable Faces 472 HermanAltena 31 Justice inTranslation: Rendering Ancient Greek Tragedy 490 Paul Woodruff Bibliography 505 Index 541 Illustrations Frontispiece: Maenadandaulos-player.Attic red-figure pelike v 7.1 Andromeda. Attic red-figure pelike 106 7.2 Medea. Lucanian red-figure calyx-krater 107 7.3 Oedipus. Sicilian calyx-krater 110 7.4 ‘‘Telephus’’ threatening ‘‘Orestes.’’Apulian bell-krater 111 7.5 Telephus threatening Orestes with Clytemnestra.Lucanian red-figure calyx-krater 113 7.6 Orestes, Pylades,and Iphigeniaamongthe Taurians. Roman wall painting 114 17.1 Thedeath of Thersites. Greek, SouthItalian volute-krater 289 17.2 Thedeath of Thersites(detail) 290 27.1 Teatro Olimpico,Vicenza. Interior view 431 27.2 Scenatragica.Sebastiano Serlio 439 30.1 Productionof Aars!directed byLuk Perceval 478 30.2 Productionof Euripides’ Childrenof Heracles directed by Peter Sellars 480 30.3 Productionof DeTrojaansen directed byMirjamKoen 484 30.4 Productionof Bacchanten directedbyJohan Simons and Paul Koek 487