Arachnologische Mitteilungen /ArachnologyLetters 51: 12-15 Karlsruhe, April 2016 A collection of sea spiders (Pycnogonida: Pantopoda) in the National Museum, Prague (Czech Republic) Petr Doiejs doi: 10.5431/aramit5103 Abstract.ThearachnologicalcollectionoftheNational Museum,Praguecontainsmaterial preserved inethanolanda microscopicslide ofrecentsea spiders (Pycnogonida: Pantopoda).Thecollection issmall, containing onlytwelvespecimens.A revision ofall ofthem re- vealedthepresenceofninespeciesfromfivefamilies:AnoplodactyluslentusWilson, 1878,Boreonymphonabyssorum(Norman,1873),Cab lipallenesp., Endeisspinosa(Montagu, 1808),Nymphongrossipes (Fabricius, 1780),NymphonhirtipesBell, 1853,NymphonstroemiKroyer, 1844,Nymphontenellum(Sars, 1888)andPycnogonumlitorale(Ström, 1762).ThematerialpreservedinethanolwascollectedintheNorth AtlanticOcean and adjacentseas,the pycnogonid mounted on theslidewascollected in Mediterranean. Fourofthesea spiderscame fromtheSarscollection (Bergen, Norway)andfourspecimenscamefromtheV.Friccollection(Prague,Czech Republic).Fromthesetwo sources,sixspecimensweremountedforexhibitionandeducational purposes.Althoughthecollectioncontainsnotypes,itintroduces an interestinggroupofmarineanimals. Keywords:Callipallenidae,Endeidae,Fric,Nymphonidae, Phoxichilidae,Pycnogonidae,Sars,zoologicalcollection I would liketodedicatethispapertotwoscientistswho passed awayin 2015: Roger Norman Bamber,a specialiston Pycnogonida,and Jan Buchar,anarachnologistand mySupervisor. Sea spiders (Pycnogonida) are Strange looking, exclusively val form (feeding on cnidarians), the protonymphon, usually marine invertebrates feeding on sessile or slow-moving (or hatches from the eggs that are carried by the male in many sometimes dead) animals. However, catching quick-moving families.The larval bodypossesses a proboscis, chelifores and preywas also reported (Lotz 1968).Theyare offenconsidered two pairs ofambulatorylegs that turn into palps and ovigers the sistergroup ofEuchelicerata,i.e. a dass ofthe subphylum duringontogeny.Information aboutbiologyofsea spidercan Cheliceratabutalternative hypothesis also exist-see Dunlop be found in Arnaud &Bamber (1987). et al. (2014) for areview. Catalogues of sea spiders were published by museums in Their body, termed the trunk, is extremely reduced and Germany (Dunlop et al. 2007,Weis et al. 2011, Lehmann et serves just as attachment for the legs. The first Segment, the al. 2014). The National Museum in Prague has already pu- cephalosoma, contains four primordial segments that are te- blished catalogues of various non-type zoological material lescoped into the first trunk segment- the first for an ocular (e.g.Jirouskovä et al. 2011, Mlikovsky et al. 2013, Doiejs & tubercle with four eyes (may be absent) and a proboscis, and Vanousovä 2015) and this paper continues by providing In- the next three giving rise to the appendage pairs ofthe che- formation about the sea spider collection in Prague. lifores, palps and ovigers. The fourth pair of appendages in the cephalosoma is the first pair ofwalking legs and belongs Materialandmethods to the trunk (Winter 1980). Behind the cephalosoma, there All eleven ethanol-preserved pycnogonid specimens are kept are three trunksegments,each bearing a pair ofnine-articled in 80 % ethanol. Eight of them had been identified, three walking legs comprised from coxa 1, coxa 2, coxa 3, femur, (plus the specimen mounted on the slide) only to genus level. tibia 1,tibia 2, tarsus,propodus and the main claw.There has Therefore,allspecimenswere firstrevisedbased on the litera- been long-lasting controversy concerning which appendages ture mentionedbeloweach species.Oftheformerlyidentified are homologous among arthropods. According toJager et al. specimens, only two of them had been identified correctly. (2006), Manuel et al. (2006) and Brenneis et al. (2008), the Thus, labels with appropriate species names were put on the pycnogonid appendages are homologous to those of euche- jars. Second,specimenswere cross-referencedwith the acces- licerates and mandibulates as follows: chelifores ~ chelicerae sory catalogues. However, data for only four specimens were ~ antennae I (innervated from deutocerebrum),palps ~ pedi- found in the catalogues (Nös 1876/1902, 19/1960/3066 and palps ~ antennae II (innervated from tritocerebrum), ovigers 19/1960/3109); the remaining specimens thus have a “gene- ~ legs I ~ mandibles,legs I ~ legs II ~ maxillae I,legs II ~ legs ral”numberfor Pycnogonida: P6d-9/2003 (P6j-118/1988 for III ~ maxillae II. Tire last (fourth) trunk segment bears the the specimen mounted on the slide). Conversely, one speci- abdomen which is reduced to a small protuberance. menwas notfound inthe collection despitebeingmentioned The reduced body ofsea spiders causes several organ Sys- in the accessory catalogue from the year 1902: Colossendeis tems,like the intestine and gonads, to protrude into the legs, proboscidea (Sabine, 1824) from Bjornoya (“Wvon Bären In- such thatthegenitalopenings are offenlocatedontheventral sel”). This specimen had come to the National Museum in surface ofcoxa 2 (usuallyoflegs III and IV). Eggs are stored Prague as an exchange from the Museum für Naturkunde N in the femora ofall legs of the female. The typical first lar- Berlin on 21 October 1902 (accessory a 1875/1902), but was eitherlostordestroyed.The remainingspecimens in Ber- ZMB lin are deposited under N- 19 (Dunlop et al.2007). Thiscontributionwaspresentedatthe29thEuropeanCongressof The third Step was the determination ofsex and measur- Arachnology,Brno,2015August24-28. ingbodylengths usingan Olympus SZX12 stereomicroscope PetrDOLEJS,DepartmentofZoology,NationalMuseum-NaturalHistoryMuseum, equipped with an ocular micrometer. Males were recognized Cirkusovä1740,CZ-19300,Praha9-HorniPocernice,CzechRepublic; E-mail:[email protected] bythe presence ofcementglandopenings and hairyswellings submitted29.10.2015,accepted1.12.2015,online22.12.2015 located distally on the fifth article ofthe ovigers helping the SeaspidercollectioninPrague 13 (nymphonid) males in carrying the eggs. Females were re- cognized according to the swollen femora of the legs (and sometimes eggs visible inside them) without cement glands and missing ovigers (except members of the families Calli- pallenidae and Nymphonide where ovigers are also present in females but the swellings are lacking) (Bamber 2010).The body length in sea spiders means the distance between the anterior margin ofthe cephalosoma (i.e.without the probos- cis) and posterior margin ofthe last (fourth) segment inclu- ding the lateral processes but not the abdomen (Just 1972, Bamber2010). Current nomenclature and the Life Science Identifier numbers (lsid) were adopted Irom PycnoBase (Bamber et al. 2015). The species are arranged systematically according to Bamber (2010). Data for each specimen are arranged as fol- lows: Material - number of specimens (with a note in the case they are mounted), their sex (body length), name ofthe collector,date ofcollection andlocality.Identification-name on the original label and literature used for revision/redeter- mination/identification. Biology and ecology - any available data.Notes- if any. Systematiclist Class: Pycnogonida Latreille, 1810 Figs 1-6: Nymphonidae. 1.Boreonymphonabyssorum, lateral viewofthe Order: Pantopoda Gerstäcker, 1863 anteriorpartofthefemalebody;2.Nymphongrossipes,anovigerousmale; Suborder: Eupantopoda Fry, 1978 3. Nymphon hirtipes, a male with malformed left chelifore; 4. Nymphon Superfamily: Nymphonoidea Pocock, 1904 stroemi,amountedsubadultspecimenfrom Bergen;5.N.stroemi,ajuve- Family: Nymphonidae Wilson, 1878 nilefrommmtheNorth Sea;m6m.Nymphontenmelmlum,a malefrom Bergen.Scale Genus:Boreonymphon Sars, 1888 bars 1 (Figs 1,3),2 (Figs2,5),5 (Figs4,6) Boreonymphonabyssorum(Norman, 1873) urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:134676 Material. 1 9 (7.0 mm) collected by F. A. Dohrn on an un- known date in the Barents Sea, RUSSIA (Fig. 1). Identification. Originallylabelled as Chaetonymphon hirtipes, Identification. Originally labelled as Boreonymphon robus- revised accordingto Fledgpeth (1948),Child (1982) andTur- tum Bell,redetermined according toJust (1972) and Bamber paeva (2009). (2010). Biology and ecology. Depth 3-1506 m, on silty Sediments m Biologyandecology. Depth 500-2000 (Bamber 2010). (Turpaeva 2009). Notes. Came to the National Museum as an exchange from Note. Left chelifore malformed and left oviger with extra theMuseum fürNaturkunde Berlinon21 October 1902 (ac- projections. cessory N" 1876/1902). The remaining specimens in Berlin are deposited in twovials under Nu ZMB 64 and are labelled NymphonstroemiKroyer, 1844 as B. robustum (Dunlop et al. 2007). It is probable that they urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:134711 were also erroneously identified and that they are in fact B. Material. 1 mounted subadult specimen (8.0 mm) collec- abyssorum like the specimen deposited in Prague. ted by an unknown collector on an unknown date in Bergen, NORWAY; ex.coli. Sars (Fig.4). Genus:Nymphon Fabricius, 1794 Identification. OriginallylabelledasNymphongrossipesFabr., Nymphongrossipes(Fabricius, 1780) redetermined according to Turpaeva (2009), Bamber (2010) & urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:134688 and de Kluijver Ingalsuo (2015). Material. 1 mounted pair: 8(5.5 mm) and9 (4.8 mm) with- Material. 1juvenile specimen (8.3 mm) collectedbyan unk- out any data; ex.coli.V. Fric (Nü 19/1960/3066) (Fig.2). nowncollectoronanunknowndate inthe North Sea (Fig.5). Identification. Originallylabelled asNymphon sp.,identified Identification. Originallylabelled as Nymphon sp.,identified accordingtoTurpaeva(2009),Bamber(2010) andde Kluijver accordingtoTurpaeva (2009),Bamber(2010) andde Kluijver & & Ingalsuo (2015). Ingalsuo (2015). Biologyandecology. Depthusually6-400m (Bamber2010), Biologyand ecology. Depth 12-1300 m (Bamber 2010), on on siltysand,rockand shells (Turpaeva2009). siltySediments (Turpaeva2009). Nymphonhirtipes Bell, 1853 Nymphontenellum(Sars, 1888) urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:134690 urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:134712 Material. 1 8 (8.0 mm) collected by an unknown collector Material. 1 mounted 8 (5.2 mm) collected by an unknown on an unknown date in the Davis Strait; ex. coli. V. Fric (N'J collector on an unknown date in Bergen,NORWAY; ex.coli. 19/1960/3109) (Fig. 3). Sars (Fig. 6). 14 P.Dolejs Material. 2 mounted (from dorsal and ventral view) 92 (2.2 mm) collected byan unknown collector on an unknown date NORWAY; in Bergen, ex. coli. Sars (Fig. 9). Identification. Originally labelled as Pallene spinipes F., re- determined according to Bamber (2010) and de Kluijver 8c Ingalsuo (2015). Biologyandecology.Mainlyfromthelittoralzonetodepths of 40 m, feeding on hydroids, but also common on algae (Bamber 2010). Ontogeny was described by Dogiel (1913, sub Phoxichilusspinosus). Superfamily: Pycnogoidea Pocock, 1904 Family: PycnogonidaeWilson, 1878 Genus: Pycnogonum Brünnich, 1764 Pycnogonumlitorale(Ström, 1762) urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:239867 lmFeiongtusunst,7e-a1d0f:eomnaNloaen-fmnirycormmopWshcoooonpdiiscdHssloeildaee,,sspscicadaleleresb.baar7r.10Cm.a5mll;mipm9a.;llEen8n.deeAissnp.os,ppliaondojasuacv,teyntliwulose MnKaoItweNnriGdaalDt.eO1Mat2t(h6e.3Pumfmfi)ncIoslllaencdteBdioblyogJ.icTahloSmtpastioonn,oUnNaInTunEkD- mountedfemales,scalebar5mm; 10.Pycnogonumlitorale,afemalefrom (Fig. 10). mm PuffmIsland,scalebar2 Identification. Originallylabelled as Pycnogonum litorale re- , vised according to Turpaeva (2009), Bamber (2010) and de Kluijver 6cIngalsuo (2015). Identification. Originallylabelled asNymphon hirtum F.,re- Biology and ecology. From the littoral to 1262 m, feeding determinedaccordingtoChild(1982),Bamber(2010) andde on sea anemones (Bamber 2010), on rocky, stony Sediments & Kluijver Ingalsuo (2015). (Turpaeva 2009). Pycnogonum litoralebecame one ofthe mo- Biology and ecology. Depth mainly 200-600 m (Bam- del species for studying various aspects of sea spiders (e.g. ber 2010). Glandular secretions used by paternal care were Vilpoux 6cWaloszek 2003,Ungerer 6c Scholtz 2009,Mach- described byDogiel (1911, sub Chaetonymphonspinosum). ner 6c Scholtz 2010) given its fairlywell known biology (e.g. Tomaschko et al. 1997, Wilhelm et al. 1997 and references Family: Callipallenidae Hilton, 1942 therein). Genus: CallipalleneFlynn, 1929 Callipallenesp. Material. 1 juvenile specimen (0.7 mm) mounted on a mi- Acknowledgements croscopic slide, collected by F. B. Liechtenstern, on 24 Sep- I wouldlike tothankjason Dunlop andan anonymous reviewerfor tember 1879 in Rovinj, CROATIA (Fig. 7). theirusefulcommentsonthemanuscriptandcorrectingtheEnglish. Identification. OriginallylabelledasPycnogonum,redetermi- sIuaplpsoorttheadnkbyFrMainnzisKtrraypopffCourlctounrseulotfattihoensC.zTehcishwRoerpkubwlaiscf(inDaKncRiaVllOy ned according to Bamber (2010), Lehmann et al. (2014) and 2015/15,NationalMuseum,00023272). de Kluijver 6cIngalsuo (2015). Biologyand ecology. The callipallenids show a direct deve- lopmentvia a postlarvaon the male (Bamber2010). References Note. Five common Callipallene species occur in Mediterra- Arnaud F & Bamber RN 1987Tire biologyofPycnogonida.-Ad- nean (Lehmann et al. 2014). vances inMarine Biology24: 1-96 Bamber RN 2010 Sea-spiders (Pycnogonida) of the north-east Superfamily: Phoxichilidioidea Sars, 1891 BamAbtlearntRicN.,HEelnNraygaLirnAg&LtdA,rTahnegoDoCrs(eedts.P)re2s0s,15DoPrycchneosbtaesre.:2W5o0rplpd. Family: Phoxichilididae Sars, 1891 PycnogonidaDatabase.—Internet:http://www.marinespecies.org/ Genus:AnoplodactylusWilson, 1878 pycnobase (October 15,2015) AnoplodactyluslentusWilson, 1878 BrenneisG,UngererP&ScholtzG2008Thecheliforesofseaspiders urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:158478 (Arthropoda,Pycnogonida) are the appendages ofthe deutocer- Material. 1 2 (3.5 mm) collected by an unknown collectorin ebral segment. - Evolution & Development 10: 717-724 — doi: July 1891 inWoods Hole,USA (Fig. 8). 10.111l/j,1525-142X.2008.00285.x Identification.OriginallylabelledasPhoxichilidiummaxillare ChildCA1982Deep-seaPycnogonidafromtheNorthandSouthAt- , redetermined according to Hedgpeth (1948) [generic place- lanticBasins.-SmithsonianContributionstoZoology349: 1-54 ment also accordingtoTurpaeva (2009) and Bamber (2010)]. DawsonAB 1934The coloredcorpusclesoftheblood ofthepurple Biology and ecology. Ontogeny was described by Morgan sea spider,AnoplodactyluslentusWilson.— Biological Bulletin of theWoods HoleMarine BiologicalLaboratory66: 62-68 (1891,sub Phoxichilidium maxillare) and the coloured granu- DogielV1911 StudienüberdieEntwicklungsgeschichtederPanto- les in the hemolymph byDawson (1934). poden.NervensystemundDrüsenderPantopodenlarven.—Zeit- schriftfürwissenschaftliche Zoologie 99: 109-146 Family: Endeidae Norman, 1908 DogielV1913EmbryologischeStudienanPantopoden.—Zeitschrift Genus: Endeis Philipp!, 1843 fürwissenschaftliche Zoologie 107:575-741 Endeisspinosa(Montgau, 1808) Dolejs P & Vanousovä K 2015 A collection of horseshoe crabs urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:134674 (Chelicerata:Xiphosura)intheNationalMuseum,Prague(Czech 1 SeaspiderCollectioninPrague 15 Republic) and a review of their immunological importance. — arthropod head segments.- Development Genes and Evolution ArachnologischeMitteilungen49:1-9-doi: 10.5431/aramit4901 216: 481-491 -doi: 10.1007/s00427-006-0095-2 DunlopJA,Friederichs A, Krapp F&Ring C 2007 An annotated MlikovskyJ,Benda P, Dolejs P,MoravecJ &Sanda R2013Jirusüv catalogue ofthe sea spiders (Pycnogonida, Pantopoda) held in odkaz a zoologicke sbirky Närodniho muzea v Praze (Jirus’s theMuseumfürNaturkunde derHumboldt-Universitätzu Ber- bequest and zoological collections of the National Museum in lin.—Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Prague).-ActaMusei Nationalis Pragae,SeriesA-Historia67: Zoologische Reihe 83: 43-74-doi: 10.1002/mmnz.200600017 47-52 (in Czech,English abstract) Dunalteosp: JM,oBröprhnoelrogJi&calBuarnmdesmtoleercTul2a0r14evPidheynlcoeg.eInny:oWfätgheelceheJliWcer&- MorogfatnheTpHycn1o8g9o1niAdsc.on-trSitbuudtiieosnftrootmhetheemBbiroyloolgiocgaylaLnadboprhaytloorgyenoyf BartolomaeusT (eds.) 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