A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants

2004·9.4 MB·English

by  A. Mapaura & J. Timberlake

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Using the checklist
The arrangement of the checklist is alphabetical by family followed by genus, grouped under
Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons.
All species and synonyms are arranged alphabetically under genus.
Accepted names are in bold print while synonyms orpreviously-used names are in italics.
In the case ofsynonyms, the currently used name follows the equals sign (=), andonly refers to usage
in Zimbabwe.
Distribution information is included under the current name.
The letters N, W, C, E, and S. following each listed taxon, indicate the known distribution ofspecies
within Zimbabwe as reflected by specimens in SRGH orcited in the literature. Where the distribution
is unknown, we have inserted Distr.? after the taxon name.
All species known or suspected to be fully naturalised in Zimbabwe are included in the list. They are
precededby an asterisk(*). Species only known from plantedorgarden specimens were not included.
A
checklist of
Zimbabwean
vascular plants
MARY GUNN LIBRARY
0000009083
South African National
Biodiversity Institute
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2016 with funding from
South African National Biodiversity Institute Libraries
;
https://archive.org/details/checklistofzimbaOOamap
A
checklist of
Zimbabwean
vascular plants
edited by
Anthony Mapaura & Jonathan Timberlake
Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 • 2004 •
MARY GUNN LIBRARY
NATIONAL BOTANICAL INSTITUTE
PRIVATE BAG X101
PR£TOR*A 0001
REPUBLIC TF SOUTH AFRICA
Recommended citation format
MAPAURA, A. & TIMBERLAKE, J. (eds). 2004. A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants. Southern
African BotanicalDiversityNetwork ReportNo. 33. SABONET, Pretoria and Harare.
Produced by NASIONALE IBOTANIESE INSTfTUUT
National Herbarium & Botanic Gar< en "T’
BoxA889 KLASNR. J
Avondale CLASS NO
(
Harare AANWINSNR.
Zimbabwe ACCESSION NO. 0 0
Tel.: [phone]*
Fax: [phone]jolj2<x*5
E-mail: [email protected]
NATIONAL BOTANICAL INS~
Published by
Southern African Botanical Diversity Network (SABONET)
c/o South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag XI01, 0001, Pretoria, South Africa
and National Herbarium & Botanic Garden, BoxA889, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe
Printed in 2004 in the Republic of South Africa by Capture Press, Pretoria, (27) 12 349-1802
ISBN 1-919976-14-0
©2004 SABONET. All rights reserved. No partofthis publication may be reproduced ortransmitted in any
form or by any means without the permission of the copyright holder.
Editor-in-chief: Marthina Mossmer
Scientific editor: Jonathan Timberlake
Subeditors: Lidia Gibson, Nicole Meyer
Text design and layout: Suzanne Olivier, Antworks Layout & Design, Pretoria, (27) 72 5072198
Cover design: Suzanne Olivier, Antworks Layout & Design
Front cover: (clockwise from top) Haroni Valley; Helichrysum argyrosphaerum (Asteraceae); Impatiens
cecilii (Balsaminaceae); Schotia capitata (Fabaceae). (Photos: SRGH)
Back cover: Gloriosa superba L., the Flame Lily. (Artist: Sue Williams)
SABONET website: www.sabonet.org
This reportisajointproductofthe National Herbarium and BotanicGardenofZimbabweandthe Southern
African Botanical Diversity Network (SABONET) and was made possible through support provided by the
Global EnvironmentFacility(GEF)/United Nations DevelopmentProgramme(UNDP)andthe UnitedStates
Agency for International Development (USAID)A/\/orld Conservation Union-Regional Office for southern
Africa (IUCN ROSA) (Plotno. 14818 Lebatlane Road, GaboroneWest, Extension 6Gaborone, Botswana),
under the terms of Grant No. 690-0283-A-00-5950. The opinions expressed herein are those of the au-
thors and do not necessarily reflecttheviews of USAID, the SABONET Steering Committee orSABONET
National Working Groups.
IUCN
UN
TheWorld Conservation Union
D
P
Contents
Acknowledgements vi
Introduction 1
Using the checklist 3
Pteridophyta 5
Gymnospermae 12
Dicotyledonae 13
Monocotyledonae 84
:
References 113
Numerical index 114
Alphabetical index 130
EducationCentreinthe National BotanicGarden.(Photo:AnthonyMapaura)
DesertHouseintheNational BotanicGarden.(Photo:AnthonyMapaura)
Acknowledgements
Thanks to John Burrows (BuffeskloofHerbarium, Lydenburg), Bob Drummond (SRGH, Harare), Robert
Faden(Smithsonian,WashingtonDC),LynFish(NBI,Pretoria),DavidGoyder(RBGKew,London),Shakkie
Kativu (University ofZimbabwe, Harare), Otto Leistner(NBI, Pretoria),Tom Muller(Harare),Alan Paton
(RBG Kew, London), Patrick Phiri (Lusaka), Ratidzayi Takawira (SRGH, Harare), and WernerFibeck for
theircontributionstovariousdrafts.ParticularthanksareduetoMegCoatesPalgraveformakingcorrections
tothedraftlist,toBobDrummondforkeepingnomenclatureanddeterminations in SRGH updatedoverthe
years, and especially to Mark Hyde forallowing us to use his website and comprehensively correcting the
draft. Muchencouragementandassistanceinthecompilationofthisdocumenthasalsocome from the staff
ofthe National Herbarium, Harare, especially from the Head, Ms Nozipo Nobanda.
The National Herbarium and Botanic Garden would like to thank the directorate of the Department of
Research and Specialist Services and the Ministry of Lands, Agriculture and Rural Resettlement for the
support that they have given to the SABONET project. Appreciation is also extended to the SABONET
ProjectforsupportingthispublicationwithfundsmadeavailablebyGEF/UNDPandUSAID/IUCNROSA.
Entrancetothe National Herbarium. (Photo:Anthony Mapaura)
BotanicGarden Restaurant.(Photo:Anthony Mapaura)
Introduction
Thefirstcountry-widechecklistofvascularplants occurring inZimbabwe wasproducedby Eyles in 1916,
and lists 2,484 plant taxa. It was obviously very incomplete. Since then there has been no full national
checklist, only listings ofselected groups such as legumes (Drummond 1972), woody plants (Drummond
1975), orchids (Grosvenor 1976), grasses (Simon 1971, Bennett 1980, Chapano 2002) and pteridophytes
(Burrows & Burrows 1983). However, in recent years a checklist of vascular plants has been compiled
from a range of published sources by Mark Hyde (Hyde 2003); it is web-based and can be found at
http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw.
The checklist presented here is the firstrecent publishedcomprehensive list ofall ofZimbabwe’s vascular
planttaxaand theirdistribution within the country.A checklistofZimbabwean vascularplants grew outof
a compilation ofplant specimens held in the National Herbarium, Harare (SRGH), carried out under the
auspices ofthe Southern African Botanical Diversity Network (SABONET) project. All herbarium hold-
ings ofZimbabwe specimens were entered into the PRECIS database, whichenables searches and listings
to be readily done. It was realised, however, that although most taxa in Zimbabwe are represented by
specimens at SRGH, many hundreds oftaxa are not. Hence many records (both oftaxa and distribution)
from Hyde’s unpublished checklist were added to the preliminary checklist ofherbarium holdings, along
with records from the published literature (in particular, Flora zambesiaca (current editor, G. Pope) and
volumesofKirkia). Inclusionandnomenclaturehasbeenharmonisedbetweenthetwoasmuchaspossible.
One majordifference is that Hyde’s listincludes most species known to occur in a wild orsemi-wild state,
while the Checklist ofZimbabwean vascularplants only includes native species and those known to be
naturalised.
Atotalof5,930vascularplanttaxa(species,subspecies,andvarieties)within 1,527generaand231 families
are listed here as occurring in Zimbabwe (Table 1). It is likely that the actual number is higher, perhaps
approaching 6,000. Angiosperms total 5,639 taxa in 193 families, while the Pteridophyta (ferns and fern
allies)contain283speciesin34families.Thesmallestgroupisthatofcone-bearingplants(Gymnospermae)
with 8 species in 4 families.
These figures differ slightly from those given by Hyde on his website, which lists 6,225 taxa ofvascular
plants in 238 families, 428 of which are introduced. Hyde also includes a number of still-undescribed
species.
The major families are given in Table 2. The largest family is the Poaceae (grasses), followed by the
subfamily Papilionoideae ofthe Fabaceae (papilionoid legumes).
Table 1. Counts ofthe planttaxathat occur in Zimbabwe.
GROUP Families Genera Species/subspecies/ Introduced taxa
varieties
Pteridophyta 34 89 283 9
Gymnospermae 4 6 8 2
Monocotyledonae 45 351 1,610 73
Dieotyledonae 148 1,081 4,029 275
Totals 231 1,527 5,930 359
SABONET Report No. 33 1
Table 2. The largest plant families in Zimbabwe.
Family No. oftaxa
Poaceae 585
Fabaceae: Papilionoideae 515
Asteraceae 416
Orchidaceae 350
Cyperaceae 243
Euphorbiaceae 231
Rubiaceae 218
Revision
The present checklist is preliminary. In particular, the coverage of synonyms and other names that have
been used in Zimbabwe is very incomplete. It is hoped to give more comprehensive coverage ofthese in a
later revision, which will also include any omitted taxa, clarify which taxa are introductions and indicate
whichtaxaareendemic.Alistofendemicornear-endemicplanttaxahasrecentlybeencompiledbyMapaura
(2002).
Any additions or corrections to this checklist will be gratefully received by the National Herbarium in
Harare.
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