A Beginers Guide to UPSC Preparation PDF
Preview A Beginers Guide to UPSC Preparation
T.K.A.Nair IAS (Retd) Former Principal Advisor to the Prime Minister of India, Former Chief Secretary of Punjab Civil Service as a career has become far more attractive and hence competitive today than in the past on account of a num- ber of socio-economic factors which form part of our devel- opmental processes. Coming from diverse background from all over India cutting across barriers of language, religion, caste and family status, several lakhs of brilliant young wom- en and men are aspirants to a few hundred vacancies in the Civil Services. Stif competition amongst them is therefore inevitable, leading to the mushrooming of Coaching Centres across the country. Against this background the Fortune IAS Academy at Thiru- vananthapuram with which I have been associated in an hon- orary capacity, has done well in bringing out a ‘Beginners’ Guide to UPSC preparation which serves as a road map to Civil Service aspirants. The handbook contains syllabus and rules of the examination, inspiring words from senior bureaucrats and success stories of recent toppers including a suggested booklist for prepa- ration. Besides guiding the aspirants how to plan a strategy for the examination, it also motivates them to strive hard to achieve their goal. Needless to stress, aspirants to the civil service are motivated by diferent considerations. You should be honest to yourself about what drives you to aspire for Civil Services as your A BEGINNERS GUIDE TO UPSC PREPARATION 1 FORTUNE IAS ACADEMY chosen career. Power or status associated with it should not be your main attraction towards the Civil Services in our present context. Being honest to ourself, cultivating the spirit of service to society and the humility to learn from others with an open mind, are to my mind the hallmark of a successful civil servant. The advent of internet and coaching centres like Fortune IAS Academy has helped many youngsters from Kerala crack the UPSC exam in the recent past. On the platform of Fortune IAS Academy, I have interacted with several successful aspirant- from across Kerala who have had the beneft of its teaching and guidance. Based on my experience with the Fortune IAS Academy, I am confdent that our students are qualifed and well motivated with the potential to become successful civil servants. Let me hope, the Fortune Beginner’s Guide will dispel the many doubts and myths associated with the Civil Services Examina- tions & preparations for it, which still persists in the minds of many prospective aspirants. “Well begun is half done”. Best wishes to the many aspirants for their success and a satis- fying career in the service of our country. FORTUNE IAS ACADEMY 2 A BEGINNERS GUIDE TO UPSC PREPARATION Message from the Director Dear Aspirant, Congratulations on taking the decision to pursue Civil Services as a career. A career serving our nation and its people is one which will give both professional and personal satisfaction. The frst step towards this coveted career is the UPSC Civil Services Examination. The past few years has seen a great deal of dynamism in the examination but arguably the best part of the examination remains the fairness of the process. It gives an equal opportunity to all aspirants irrespective of their back- grounds to hold prestigious posts in the Indian administration. Any beginner to Civil Service examination would be faced with various choices – Which optional should I choose? How should I go about my preparation? Etc. This booklet is Fortune IAS Academy’s attempt to give a clear picture about the Civil Service Examination and provide guid- ance for those who are beginning their preparation – in short, a Beginners Guide! Hope it would be of help to you in easing your path towards Civil Services Sylesh Fernandas Academic Director Fortune IAS Academy A BEGINNERS GUIDE TO UPSC PREPARATION 3 FORTUNE IAS ACADEMY sI. tkXp-cm-a³ sF]n-Fk t^mdn-t\gvkv doP-\ dPn-kvt{S-j³ Hm^o-kÀ, sIm¨n {]b-Xv\n-¡m³ X¿m-dp-s- ¦n 1973 aq¶mÀ Smä So FtÌ-änse tNme-ae Unhn-j-\nse Idp-¸-¿¿v¡pw kpº-½mÄ¡pw Hcp B¬Ipªv ]nd-¶p. \memw ¢mkv hsc ]Tn¨ Idp-¸¿ Smä Fkvtäänse tPmen-¡m-c-\m-bn-cp- ¶p. kpº-½mÄ kvIqfn t]mbn-«n-Ã. FtÌ-änse eb-¯n Ifn-¨p-h-fÀ¶ B Ip«n aäp Ip«n-I- sf t]mse A©mw hb-kn tNme-ae Unhn-j-\nse GIm-[ym-]-I- hn-Zym-eb¯n tNÀ¶p. c p ¢mkv dqap-Ifpw Hcp amjpw. Xangv aoUnbw. ]e ¢mknse Ip«n-IÄ H¶n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\m sSIvÌv _ps¡m¶pw D m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Hcp tÉäpw s]³kn-ep-am-bn-cp¶p BsI-bp- m-bn-cp¶ ]T-t\m-]-I-c-W-§Ä c p-sImÃw A§s\ t]mbn. c mw-¢m-kv ]mkm-sb¶v amjv ]d-ª-t¸mÄ Idp-¸¿ aIs\ s]cn-b-hmssd kvIqfn-te¡-b-¨p. Ahn-sSbpw Xan-gn Xs¶-bm-bn-cp¶p ]T-\w. \memw ¢mkv Ign-ª-t¸mÄ aq¶mÀ enän ^vfhÀ tKÄkv kvIqfn Hcp hÀjw. A©mw ¢mkv Ign-ªm ]ns¶ B¬Ip-«n-IÄ¡v AhnsS ]Tn-¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã. B ]¿³ A[ym-]-I-cpsS t{]c-W-bm ssk\nIv kvIqÄ {]th- i\ ]co-£-sb-gp-Xn. ]mkm-bn. A§s\ DZp-aÂt¸« Aa-cm-hXn \KÀ ssk\nIv kvIqfn Bdmw ¢mkn tNÀ¶p. ae-¸p-dw, PnÃm t]meokv ta[m-hn-bpsS Hm^o-kn\p ]pds¯ s\bnw-t¹-än C§s\ hmbn-¡mw. sI.-tk-Xp-cm-a³ sF]n-Fkv, aq¶p hÀj- t¯m-f-am-bn«pw s]meokv ta[m-hnsb amäm³ ae-¸p-d-¯p-ImÀ k½-Xn-¡p-¶n-Ã. CXn-\nsS, C´y³ `mj-I-fpsS kwc-£Ww e£y- an«v Hcp ]T-\-þ-K-th-j-W- ]p-kvX-Ihpw tkXp-cm-a³ ]pd-¯n-d-¡n, aq¶p ]Xn-äm- p- ap³]v aq¶m-dnse tXbnet¯m«-¯nse eb-¯n \n¶v PnÃm s]meokv ta[m-hn-bpsS Itk-c-bn-te-¡pÅ bm{X Hmtcm ae-bm-fn-¡p-apÅ \Ã-]m-T-am-Wv. H«pw Ffp-¸-apÅ bm{X-bm-bn-cp-¶nà AsX¶v tkXp- cm-a³ HmÀ¡p-¶p. kvIqfn tNÀ¶ tij-amWv temI-sa-s´¶v FORTUNE IAS ACADEMY 4 A BEGINNERS GUIDE TO UPSC PREPARATION Adn-bp-¶-Xv. Pohn-X-¯n\v e£y-ap- m-Ip-¶-Xv. ssk\nIv kvIqfnse A[ym-]-IÀ icn¡pw Ip«n-Isf e£y-t_m-[-ap-Å-h-cm¡n hmÀs¯- Sp-¡p-¶-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p. Bdmw ¢mkv Ign-ª-t¸mÄ Xs¶ knhn kÀhokv t\Sm³ F\n¡v Ign-bpw F¶v A¶v AhnsS {][m-\m-[ym- ]-I-\m-bn-cp¶ Fw.-F-kv.-lqU Fs¶ ]d-ªp-hn-iz-kn-¸n-¨p. Fs¶ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw AXv AXn-tam-l-am-bn-cp-s¶-¦nepw a\-Ên Hcp hn¯v apf-bv¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. AXv Icn-ªp-t]m-ImsX t\mt¡- Xv Fsâ am{Xw Npa-X-e-bm-bn-cp¶p. ]e XS-Ê-§-fp- m-bn«pw AXp IrXy-ambn sN¿m³ Rm³ {ian-¨p-sIm-t- bn-cp-¶p. ssk\nIv kvIqfn A[y-b\w Cw¥n-jn-em-bn-cp-¶p. t\cm-h®w Xantgm ae-bm-ftam Fgp-Xm³ Adn-bm-¯-hsâ ap¶n-em- Wv Cw¥njv! BZys¯ cp -aq-¶p-hÀjw \t¶ _p²n-ap-«n. At¸m- sgms¡ Ahn-Sps¯ \Ã-h-cmb A[ym-]-IÀ H¸w \n¶p. Ggmw-h«w sF]n-Fk Ggp-X-h-W-bmWv tkXp-cm-a³ knhn kÀÆokv ]co£ Fgp-XnbXv Fw.F.bv¡v ]Tn-¡p¶ Ime-¯m-bn-cp¶p BZy-t¯-Xv. Fw.-^n-en-sâ BZy-hÀj-¯n cm -a-t¯Xpw c nepw {]nen-an-\ dn IS-¶p. sabn-\n hoWp. Fw.-^n-ensâ c mw hÀj-am-bn-cp¶p aq¶m-{i-aw. BZy IS-¼-bnÂXs¶ hoWp. XpSÀ¶v 2000þ {]nen- an-\dn Pbn-¨p. sabn-\n hoWp. 2001 embn-cp¶p {]nen-an-\dnbpw sabn\pw IS¶v C³Àhyq hsc F¯n-b-Xv. 2002þ {]nen-an-\dn Pbn-¨p. sabn³ IS-¡m-\m-bn-Ã. 2003 emWv tkXp-cm-a³ c p ]Xn-äm-p -IÄ IqsS sIm p-\-S¶ e£yw t\Sp-¶-Xv. knhn kÀÆokv ]co-£-bn tZiob Xe-¯n 322, ]«n-I-hn-`m-K-¯n 23 F¶n-§s\ dm¦p-Im-c³. hgn-¯n-cnh {Un{Kn GXp hnj-b-¯n thWw F¶ kwibw h¶- t¸mÄ FSp¯ Xocp-am-\-amWv Pohn-X-¯n \nÀWm-b-I-ambsX¶v tkXp-cm-a³ Icp-Xp-¶p. ¹kv Sqhn\v kb³kv {Kq¸v FSp¯v ]Tn¨v \à amÀ¡p-hm-§n-sb-¦nepw Un{Kn¡v C¡-tWm-anIvkv FSp-¡p-¶- XmWv knhn kÀÆo-kn-te¡p Xncn-bm³ \Ã-sX¶v kzbw DÄhn- fn-bp- m-bn. kml-N-cy-§-fpsS k½À±w aqew DÄhnfn Dt]-£n¨v Xncp-h-\-´-]pcw amÀ Chm-\n-tbmkv tImtf-Pn _n.-F-kv.kn sIan- kv{Sn¡p tNÀ¶p.- C-Xà Xsâ hgn F¶p a\-Ên-em-Im³ A[nI \mÄ th n-h-¶n-Ã. H¶mw hÀj ]co£ FgpXpw apt¼ sIankv{Sn A BEGINNERS GUIDE TO UPSC PREPARATION 5 FORTUNE IAS ACADEMY _ncp-Z-]-T\w Dt]-£n-¨p. Chm-\n-tbmkv tImtf-Pn Xs¶ C¡-tWm-anIvkv _ncp- Z-¯n ]Tn-¡m-am-bn-cp-¶p. ]t£ ASp¯ hÀjta tNcm³ Ign-bq.A§s\ h¶m kl-]m-Tn-IÄ ko\n-tbgvkv BIpw. tImtfPv amdm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨Xv AXp-sIm- m-Wv. A§s\ Xncp-h-\-´-]pcw bqWn-th-gvknän tImtf-Pn-te¡v ka-c-§-fpsS ]q¡m-e-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. ]Tn-¸n-¡m-\pÅ Hcp kml-N-cyhpw tImtf- Pn-ep- m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. kzbw ]Tn-¡pI F¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p BsI-bpÅ hgn. CXv ]n¶oSv henb {]tbm-P\w sNbvXp-sh¶v tkXp-cm-a³, XpSÀ¶v Fw.F C¡-tWm-an-Ivkn\pw bqWn-th-gvknän tImtf-Pn Xs¶ tNÀ¶p. CXn-\p-tijw skâÀ t^mÀ sUh-e-]vsaâv ÌUo-kn Fw.-^n-en\v dPn-ÌÀ sNbvXp. P\-Io-bm-kp-{X-W-¯n BZn-hm-kn-I- fpsS ]¦v F¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p hnj-bw. knhn kÀÆokv ]co£-bn ]cm-P-b-§Ä Gäp-hm-§n. knhn kÀÆokv F¶-Xà Pohn-X-¯nsâ Ah-km\w F¶v tXm¶n-¯p-S-§n-bXv C¡m-e-¯mbncp¶p. Adnhp -t\-Sp-I-bmWv {][m-\-sa-¶m-bn-cp¶p A¡m-es¯ Xnb-dn. ]»nIv sse{_-dn, {_n«ojv sse{_-dn, sF.-Fw.-Pn. sse{_-dn, bqWn-th-gvknän sse{_dn F¶n-hn-S-§-fn-embn H¶-c-hÀjw PohnXw. ]n¶o-SpÅ H¶c hÀjw ]n.-Sn.-]n. \K-dnse ]«n-I-Pm-Xn-hÀ¤ ]cn-io-e-\-tI-{µ-¯n CXn-\nsS Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c¯v Hcp kzImcy ]cn-io-e\ Øm]-\-¯n cp hÀj-t¯m-fhpw Xriq-cn ]n.-kn. tXmakv C³Ìn-äyq-«n aq¶p amk-t¯m-fhpw C´y³ Ct¡m-Wan ]Tn-¸n-¡m³ t]mbXpw {]tbm-P\w sNbvXp. CXn-s\m¸w knhn kÀÆokv ]co-£bv¡p X¿m-sd-Sp-¡p¶ Hcp kplrZv kwLs¯ kwL-NÀ¨-IÄ¡mbn In«n-bXpw Imcy-am-bn. knhn kÀhokv hg-§m-¯-Xn\p ap¶n Xsâ ssIb-£- c-¯n\p ]¦p-s ¶v tkXp-cm-a³ A¡m-e-¯mWv Xncn-¨dn-ªXv. ]e-h«w kzbw {ian-s¨-¦nepw hnc-ep-IÄ ]nW-§n-¯s¶ \n¶p Bbn-S-¡mWv Hcp teJ\w ImWp-¶-Xv-þ-ssl-Z-cm-_m-Znse \mj-\ lm³Uvssd-änMv A¡m-Z-an-sb-¸än ]{X-¯n I - ]Sn ssIb-£cw amäm³ Znh-k-§-tfmfw Fgp-Xn-sb-gpXn A[zm-\n-¨p. HSp-hn hnc-ep- IÄ hg-§n. FORTUNE IAS ACADEMY 6 A BEGINNERS GUIDE TO UPSC PREPARATION kz]\w I \mfp-IÄ, IjS-¸m-Sp-I-fp-sSbpw tImtf-Pnse kpl-r¯p-IfpsS `mj-bn ]d-ªm tkXp-cm-a³ cmhnse Fgp-t¶Â¡p-¶Xv knhn kÀhokv F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm- m-bn-cp-¶p. InS-¡p-t¼mgpw knhn kÀho-kv, Hmtcm izmk-¯nepw knhn kÀhokv F¶p ]dªmepw sXän-Ã. Htc- sbmcp e£yw knhn kÀho-kv. IjvS-¸m-Snsâ Ibv]v \¶m-b-dn-ªn-«pv tkXp-cm-a³. ]e-t¸mgpw ^ok-S-bv¡m³t]mepw ]W-an-Ãm-sX Aѳ IjvS-s¸- Sp-¶Xv A\p-`-hn-¨n-«p-v . AÑs\ IqSp-X _p²n-ap-«n-¡-cp-sX¶ Xocp-am-\-¯n hnZym-`ymk tem¬ FSp-¡m³ Xocp-am-\n-¨p. 1999þ aq¶p {][m\ _m¦pIsf tkXp kao-]n-¨p. _tbm-Um-äm-bnse tXm«w sXmgn-em-fn-bpsS aI³ F¶ tImfw I -tXmsS ]ecpw s\än Npfn-¨p. t]mcm-¯-Xn\v ]¿³ ]Tn-¡m³ t]mIp-¶Xv knhn kÀho-kn\pw! Bcpw klm-bn-¨n-Ã. AtX-k-abw s{]m^-j-W tImgvkv Bbn-cp-s¶-¦n tem¬ e`n-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p. F´p sN¿- W-sa-¶-dn-bmsX IjvS-s¸« Znh-k-§Ä, tXm«w sXmgn-em-fn-I-fm- b-Xn-\m kz´-amb `qanbpw CÃm-bn-cp¶p ]Wbw hbv¡m³. ]e \à a\-Êp-I-fp-sSbpw klm-bw-sIm-m Wv ]T\w ]qÀ¯o-I-cn- ¡m-\m-b-Xv. ]T-\-t¯m-sSm¸w ]Ww Is -¯p-¶-Xn-\mbn {_neyâv tImtf-Pnepw Xriq-cnse ]n.kn. tXmakv C³Ìn-äyq-«nepw ]Tn-¸n-¡m³ t]mbn. Xriq-cn Hcp Znhkw 500 cq] In«p-am-bn-cp-¶p. A¶v AXv henb XpI-bm-bn-cp-¶p. tlmÌen \n¶pÅ ]T\w icn-bm-ImsX h¶-Xn-\m ] pd¯p Xma-kn-¨mWp ]Tn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. Xncp-h-\-´-]p-cs¯ Ph-lÀ \K-dnse \mWp-]nÅ kmdnsâ ho«n t]bnMv KÌv Bbn-«mb- ncp¶p Xma-kw. kmdnsâ klm-bhpw Icp-Xepw ad-¡m-\m-hn- söpw tkXp-cm-a³ ]d-bp-¶p. Ah-km\ C³Àhyq Fgp-Xn-sb-gpXn Xg¡w sN¶n-cp¶p At¸m-tg¡pw ]s- §p-anÃm-Xn-cp¶ Bß-hn-izmkw Iq«n-s\-¯n. CâÀhyq t_mÀUn\v ap¼n-se-¯n-bt¸mÄ ]Xn-hp-t]mse A¸w sS³j³. 2001  knhn kÀho-knsâ {]nen-an-\-dnbpw sabn\pw IS¶v tkXp- cm-a³ C³Àhyq t_mÀUnsâ ap¶n-se-¯n-b-Xm-Wv. tNmZy-§Ä hfsc knw]n-fm-bn-cp-¶p. O¯o-kvKVv apJy-a-{´nbm-cv, D¯-cm- ©Â apJy-a-{´n-bmcv ...? A¶Xv APnXv tPmKnbpw \nXym-\µ kzman- A BEGINNERS GUIDE TO UPSC PREPARATION 7 FORTUNE IAS ACADEMY bpw Bbn-cp-s¶¶v tkXp-cm-a\v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶p. ]t£ hen-sb- mcp XkvXn-I-bn-te¡v {]th-i\w \ÂIm-\pÅ hen-sbmcp C³Àhyq F¶Xv tkXp-cm-asâ ap¶n hen-sbmcp \ng-em-bn-¯s¶ \n¶p. tkXp-cm-a³ FÃmw ad-¶p. C¯-hW ]X-dn-söv a\-Ên-ep-d-¸n-¨n-cp-¶p. a\Êv ]nSn- ¨n-S-¯p-Xs¶ \n¶p. 800, 1500, 5000 aoäÀ aÕ-c-§-fn hnP-bn¨ bqWn-th-gvknän tImtf-Pnse hyàn-KX Nmw]y-\m-bn-cp¶p tkXp- cm-a³. kvIqÄ ]T-\-Im-e¯v t{Imkv I¬{Sn-bnepw Xnf-§n. {lkz- Zqcw C\-§-fn-te¡v F´mWv Xncn-bm¯Xv F¶m-bn-cp-¶p CâÀhyq t_mÀUnsâ tNmZyw. ZoÀL-Zqc aÂk-c-§Ä¡mbn ]cn-io-e\w \S-¯p¶ BfpsS ico-c-{]-IrXn kv{]nâv C\-§Ä¡p ]än-sÃ-¶m-bn- cp¶p tkXp-cm-asâ adp-]-Sn. XpSÀ¶v [\-X-¯z-im-kv{X-¯n \n¶mbn tNmZy-§Ä dnkÀhv _m¦v ]en-i-\n-c¡v Ipd-bv¡m³ Imc-W-sa´v? temI- hym-]mc kwL-S-\-bpsS IcmÀ hnI-kzc cmPy-§sf F§s\ _m[n- ¡p¶p F¶n-§s\ XpSÀ¶v tIc-f-¯nse \gvkp-am-sc-¡p-dn-¨mbn tNmZyw. Fh-n-sS-s¨-¶mepw Ah-sc-bm-WtÃm ImWp-¶Xv? kv{Xo km£-c-Xbpw kv{Xo imào-I-c-Whpw am\y-X-bpÅ tPmen-sb¶ Ct¸m-gs¯ ]cn-K-W-\bpw Hs¡ Imc-W-§-fmbn tkXp-cm-a³ Nqn-¡m-«n. lmÀU hÀ¡ Aà kamÀ« hÀ¡ \à kvIqfpw tImtfPpw sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-I.- Ip-«n-I-fpsS at\m-`m-hhpw ImgvN-¸mSpw hfÀ¯n-sb-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\m kvIqfp- IÄ¡pw tImtf-Pp-IÄ¡pw henb ]¦p- v. Ip«n-Isf dm¦pIÄ¡p th n hfÀ¯n-sb-Sp-¡p¶ kvIqfp-Ifpw tImtf-Pp-I-fp-aà Rm³ Dt±-in-¨-Xv. adn¨v Ip«n-Isf \à Ip«n-I-fmbn hfÀ¯n-sb-Sp-¡p¶ hnZym-e-b-§-fmWv sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-¶-Xv. ]Tn-¡p¶ Imcy-§-fpsS Ipdn¸p-IÄ IrXy-ambn kq£n-¡pI `mhn-bn dnhnj\v AXv klm-bn-¡pw. AXv sNdnb {]mb-¯n Xs¶ ioe-am-¡p-¶X \¶m-bn-cn-¡p-w. CXn\v A[ym-]-Icpw {i²n- t¡- Xp-v . c p ]{X-§-sf-¦nepw hmbn-¡p-¶Xv Zn\-N-cy-bm-¡p-I. Hsc®w Cw¥ojpw Hsc®w ae-bm-fhpw B¡p-¶Xv \¶v. \½psS Npäp-]mSpw \S-¡p¶ Imcy-§Ä Adn-bm\pw hne-bn-cp-¯m\pw ae- FORTUNE IAS ACADEMY 8 A BEGINNERS GUIDE TO UPSC PREPARATION
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