50 Imaging Studies Every Doctor Should Know (Fifty Studies Every Doctor Should Know)

349 Pages·2016·8.162 MB·English

by  Christoph Lee (editor)

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50 Imaging Studies Every
Doctor Should Know
EDITED BY
C i. L , MD, Mshs
hristoph ee
Associate Professor, Radiology
Adjunct Associate Professor, Health Services
University of Washington
Seattle, Washington
IMAGE AND CHAPTER EDITOR
J s. F , MD
oseph otos
Assistant Professor, Radiology
Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania
SERIES EDITOR
M e. h , MD, Mph
iChaeL oChMan
Assistant Professor, Medicine
Director, Gehr Family Center for Implementation Science
USC Keck School of Medicine
Los Angeles, California
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1
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Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data
Names: Lee, Christoph I., editor. | Fotos, Joseph S., editor.
Title: 50 imaging studies every doctor should know / edited by Christoph I. Lee ; image and chapter editor,
Joseph S. Fotos.
Other titles: Fifty imaging studies every doctor should know | 50 studies every doctor should know (Series)
Description: Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2017 | Series: 50 studies every doctor should
know | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016002868| ISBN 9780190223700 (alk. paper) | ISBN 9780190223724 (e- book) |
ISBN 9780190223731 (online)
Subjects: | MESH: Diagnostic Imaging— methods | Evidence- Based Medicine | Clinical Trials as Topic
Classification: LCC RC78.7.D53 | NLM WN 180 | DDC 616.07/ 54— dc23 LC record available at
http:// lccn.loc.gov/ 2016002868
This material is not intended to be, and should not be considered, a substitute for medical or other
professional advice. Treatment for the conditions described in this material is highly dependent on the
individual circumstances. And, while this material is designed to offer accurate information with respect
to the subject matter covered and to be current as of the time it was written, research and knowledge
about medical and health issues is constantly evolving and dose schedules for medications are being
revised continually, with new side effects recognized and accounted for regularly. Readers must therefore
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foregoing, the publisher and the authors make no representations or warranties as to the accuracy or
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consequence of the use and/ or application of any of the contents of this material.
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For Monique, Elsa, and Carson
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CONTENTS
Preface  xiii
Acknowledgments  xvii
About the Author  xix
SECTION 1 Headache
1. Computed Tomography for Minor Head Injury: The New
Orleans Criteria  3
Christoph I. Lee
2. Identifying Children with Low- Risk Head Injuries Who Do Not Require
Computed Tomography  9
Michael E. Hochman
3. Rule Out Subarachnoid Hemorrhage for Headache: The Ottawa
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Rule  17
Christoph I. Lee
4. MRI versus CT for Detecting Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
in Stroke Patients: The Hemorrhage and Early MRI Evaluation
(HEME) Study  23
Christoph I. Lee
5. Quantitative CT Score in Predicting Outcome of Hyperacute Stroke:
The Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT Score (ASPECTS)  29
Christoph I. Lee
6. Imaging Selection and Endovascular Treatment for Ischemic Stroke:
The Mechanical Retrieval and Recanalization of Stroke Clots Using
Embolectomy (MR RESCUE) Trial  35
Christoph I. Lee
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viii Contents
7. Imaging Tests for Diagnosis of Carotid Artery Stenosis  43
Christoph I. Lee
8. Carotid Artery Stenosis Screening  49
Christoph I. Lee
SECTION 2 Back Pain
9. Vertebroplasty for Osteoporotic Spinal Fractures: The Investigational
Vertebroplasty Safety and Efficacy Trial (INVEST)  57
Christoph I. Lee
10. Cervical Spine Imaging in Blunt Trauma Patients: The National
Emergency X- Radiography Utilization Study (NEXUS)  63
Christoph I. Lee
11. Cervical Spine Imaging in Alert and Stable Trauma Patients: Validation
of the Canadian C- Spine Rule  69
Christoph I. Lee
12. Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Low Back Pain  75
Michael E. Hochman
13. Abnormal MRI of the Lumbar Spine without Back Pain  81
Christoph I. Lee
14. Follow- Up MRI for Sciatica: Radiology Outcomes from
the Sciatica Trial  87
Christoph I. Lee
15. Early Imaging for Back Pain in Older Adults: Back Pain Outcomes
Using Longitudinal Data (BOLD) Study  93
Christoph I. Lee
SECTION 3 Chest Pain
16. Computed Tomography for Pulmonary Embolism: The Prospective
Investigation of Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis (PIOPED) II Trial  101
Christoph I. Lee
17. Diagnosing Acute Pulmonary Embolism: The Christopher Study  107
Michael E. Hochman
18. CT Angiography Versus V/ Q Scans to Rule Out
Pulmonary Embolism  115
Christoph I. Lee
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Contents ix
19. Screening for Coronary Artery Disease in Asymptomatic Patients
with Diabetes: The DIAD Study  121
Michael E. Hochman
20. Diagnostic Performance of CT Coronary Angiography:
The CorE 64 Study  127
Christoph I. Lee
21. CT Angiography for Discharge of Acute Coronary Syndrome  133
Christoph I. Lee
22. Coronary CT Angiography in Acute Chest Pain: The Rule Out
Myocardial Infarction/ Ischemia Using Computed Assisted
Tomography II (ROMICAT- II) Trial  139
Christoph I. Lee
23. Coronary Artery Calcium Score and Risk Classification  145
Christoph I. Lee
SECTION 4 Abdominal and Pelvic Pain
24. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening: The Multicentre Aneurysm
Screening Study (MASS)  153
Christoph I. Lee
25. Imaging Appendicitis in Children  159
Christoph I. Lee
26. Low- Dose CT for Suspected Appendicitis in Young Adults  165
Christoph I. Lee
27. Multidetector CT for Acute Appendicitis in Adults  171
Christoph I. Lee
28. Uterine Artery Embolization for Fibroids: The Randomized
Trial of Embolization versus Surgery Treatment for
Fibroids (REST)  177
Christoph I. Lee
29. Imaging for Suspected Nephrolithiasis: The Study of Tomography
of Nephrolithiasis Evaluation (STONE) Trial  183
Christoph I. Lee
30. Imaging- Guided Biopsy for Diagnosing Prostate Cancer  189
Christoph I. Lee
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SECTION 5 Bone, Joint, and Extremity Pain
31. Decision Rules for Imaging Acute Ankle Injuries: The Ottawa
Ankle Rules  197
Christoph I. Lee
32. Decision Rules for Imaging Acute Knee Injuries: The Ottawa
Knee Rules  203
Christoph I. Lee
33. Incidental Meniscal Findings on Knee MRI  209
Christoph I. Lee
34. Decision Rules for Bone Densitometry Testing  215
Christoph I. Lee
35. Repeat Bone Mineral Density Screening and Osteoporotic Fracture
Prediction  223
Christoph I. Lee
36. Ultrasound for Diagnosing Suspected Symptomatic Deep Venous
Thrombosis  229
Christoph I. Lee
SECTION 6 Cancer Screening and Management
37. The Cochrane Review of Screening Mammography  237
Michael E. Hochman
38. Breast Cancer Screening in Average- Risk Women  243
Christoph I. Lee
39. Efficacy of Screening Breast MRI for High- Risk Women: The Dutch MRI
Screening (MRISC) Study  249
Christoph I. Lee
40. Performance of Digital versus Screen- Film Mammography: The Digital
Mammography Imaging Screening Trial (DMIST)  255
Christoph I. Lee
41. Breast MRI for Women with Recently Diagnosed Breast Cancer: The
American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN)
Trial 6667  261
Christoph I. Lee
42. Supplemental Ultrasound Screening for Women at Increased Breast
Cancer Risk: The ACRIN 6666 Trial  267
Christoph I. Lee
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Contents xi
43. Chest Radiograph Screening for Lung Cancer: The Prostate, Lung,
Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial  273
Christoph I. Lee
44. Low- Dose CT Screening for Lung Cancer: The National Lung Screening
Trial (NLST)  279
Christoph I. Lee
45. Management of Lung Nodules Detected by CT  285
Christoph I. Lee
46. 3D CT Colonography for Colorectal Cancer Screening  291
Christoph I. Lee
47. National CT Colonography Trial: The ACRIN 6664 Trial  297
Christoph I. Lee
SECTION 7 Radiation Exposure
48. Cancer Risk from Pediatric CT  305
Christoph I. Lee
49. Imaging Utilization Trends and Radiation Exposure  309
Christoph I. Lee
50. Low- Dose Ionizing Radiation from Medical Imaging  315
Christoph I. Lee
Index 321