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5 Steps to a 5 AP U.S. History, 2014 Edition PDF

435 Pages·2013·4.658 MB·English
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SAME POWERFUL STUDY GUIDES NEW PLATFORMS TO HELP YOU SUCCEED! ISBN 978-0-07-180400-4 MHID 0-07-180400-5 51895> www.mhpracticeplus.com 9 780071 804004 5 STEPS TO A 5 AP U.S. Histor y 2014 Edition This page intentionally left blank 5 ™ 5 STEPS TO A AP U.S. Histor y 2014 Edition Stephen Armstrong New York Chicago San Francisco Athens London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2010, 2007, 2002 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-07-180401-1 MHID: 0-07-180401-3 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-180400-4, MHID: 0-07-180400-5. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative, please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com. Trademarks: McGraw-Hill Education, the McGraw-Hill Education logo, 5 Steps to a 5, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of McGraw-Hill Education and/or its affi liates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. McGraw-Hill Education is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. The quotation in question 14 on p. 345 is from the Collected Poems of Langston Hughes by Langston Hughes, copyright © 1994 by The Estate of Langston Hughes. Used by permission of Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House, Inc. AP, Advanced Placement Program, and College Board are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill Education’s prior consent. 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Prepare for the AP Exam This online, adaptive, diagnostic AP Test Prep series includes 4 complete AP practice exams and personalized study plans to help you maximize your time leading up to the exam. To learn more or to purchase, visit MHEonline.com/advancedplacement * Advanced Placement program and AP are registered trademarks of the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, these products. CONTENTS Preface xiii Introduction: The 5-Step Program xv STEP 1 Set Up Your Study Program Chapter 1 What You Need to Know About the AP U.S. History Exam 3 Background of the Advanced Placement Program 3 Questions Frequently Asked About the AP U.S. History Exam 5 Chapter 2 How to Plan Your Time 8 Three Approaches to Preparing for the AP U.S. History Exam 8 Calendar for Each Plan 10 STEP 2 Determine Your Test Readiness Chapter 3 Take a Diagnostic Exam 17 How and When to Use the Diagnostic Exam 18 Conclusion (After the Exam) 18 Getting Started: The Diagnostic/Master Exam 20 Answers to Diagnostic/Master Exam 34 STEP 3 Develop Strategies for Success Chapter 4 How to Approach Each Question Type 51 Multiple-Choice Questions 52 Document-Based Essay Questions 54 Free-Response Essay Questions 54 Reading and Interpreting Primary Source Documents 55 Analyzing Primary Source Documents 56 STEP 4 Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High Chapter 5 T he Settling of the Western Hemisphere and Colonial America (1450–1650) 61 Native Americans and European Exploration 62 The French in Canada 62 The English in the Americas 63 Effects of English, French, and British Settlement 65 Chapter Review 65 Chapter 6 The British Empire in America: Growth and Confl ict (1650–1750) 68 The Impact of Mercantilism 69 African Slavery in the Americas 70 Continued Unrest in New England 71 The Salem Witch Trials 71 Wars in Europe and Their Impact on the Colonies 71 The Growth of the Colonial Assemblies 72 The Era of “Salutary Neglect” 72 (cid:104) v vi (cid:105) Contents The Great Awakening 73 Chapter Review 73 Chapter 7 Resistance, Rebellion, and Revolution (1750–1775) 76 Problems on the Frontier 77 Additional Confl icts Between the British and Their Colonial “Allies” 77 The Policies of George Grenville 78 A Sense of Crisis: The Stamp Act 78 More Protest: The Townshend Acts 79 Continued Tension in Massachusetts 80 The Calm Before the Storm: 1770–1773 80 The Boston Tea Party 81 The Intolerable Acts 81 The First Continental Congress 81 Chapter Review 82 Chapter 8 The American Revolution and the New Nation (1775–1787) 84 The American Revolution 85 The Second Continental Congress 85 The Declaration of Independence 86 The Outbreak of the Revolution: Divisions in the Colonies 86 Strategies of the American Revolution 87 Washington as Commander 87 The War Moves to the South 88 The Treaty of Paris 89 The Establishment of Governmental Structures in the New Nation 89 The Articles of Confederation 89 The Northwest Ordinances 90 Shays’s Rebellion 90 Chapter Review 91 Chapter 9 The Establishment of New Political Systems (1787–1800) 93 Desire for a Stronger Central Government 94 Government Under the New Constitution 94 The Issue of Slavery 95 Ratifi cation of the Constitution 95 The Presidency of George Washington 95 The Bill of Rights 96 Competing Visions: Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson 96 The French Revolution 97 Foreign Policy and Jay’s Treaty 98 Washington’s Farewell Address 98 The Presidency of John Adams 98 The Alien and Sedition Acts 99 Chapter Review 99 Chapter 10 The Jeffersonian Revolution (1800–1820) 102 The Election of 1800 103 Reform of the Courts 103 Westward Expansion 104 Contents (cid:104) vii Political Tensions and the Strange Case of Aaron Burr 105 European Wars Spill Over to America (Again) 106 The War of 1812 106 The American System 107 The Missouri Compromise 108 Chapter Review 108 Chapter 11 The Rise of Manufacturing and the Age of Jackson (1820–1845) 111 The Growth of the Factory 112 The Monroe Doctrine 113 Policy Toward Native Americans 113 The Second Great Awakening 113 Political Reform: The Jacksonian Era (1829–1841) 114 The Election of 1824 115 The 1828 Presidential Election 115 Jackson as President 115 The Nullifi cation Controversy 116 The Bank Crisis 116 The Whig Party: A Challenge to the Democratic-Republicans 117 Chapter Review 117 Chapter 12 The Union Expanded and Challenged (1835–1860) 120 The Ideology of Manifest Destiny 121 “Remember the Alamo!” 122 The Pivotal Election of 1844 122 War with Mexico 123 Political Challenges of the 1850s 124 Effects of the Compromise of 1850 125 The Presidency of Franklin Pierce 125 The Return of Sectional Confl ict 126 “Bleeding Kansas”: Slave or Free? 126 The Dred Scott Decision 127 The Lincoln-Douglas Debates 127 John Brown’s Raid 127 The Presidential Election of 1860 128 Chapter Review 128 Chapter 13 The Union Divided: The Civil War (1861–1865) 131 Advantages of the North and South in the War 132 The Attack on Fort Sumter and the Beginning of the War 133 War Aims and Strategies 133 Developments in the South and in the North 135 The Emancipation Proclamation 136 1863: The War Tips to the North 136 War Weariness in the North and South 137 The End of the Confederacy 137 Chapter Review 137 Chapter 14 The Era of Reconstruction (1865–1877) 140 Lincoln’s Plans for Reconstruction 141 Andrew Johnson’s Plan for Reconstruction 142 The Reconstruction Programs of the Radical Republicans 143

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