383. The Dielectric Constant of Water and Debye-Huckel Limiting Law Slopes, Donald G. Archer and

41 Pages·03.67 MB·English

The Dielectric Constant of Water and Debye-Hiickel Limiting Law Slopes

Densld G. arene! and Pelming Wang"

Fepemental va ute dilcetiecountan of wate evese the for veer
noes grower than A K, Un nigral a (22 Kighwood disoorin-coneant en
‘don, which incor che internal polewtia action siapee ms6n
teaaperare ane presen of emperaluts hd cus. Aa equation bas Bese
Sc ovals of ie eso eaten Irv exper vals of tb dsecwic
‘sacl fu peste fom POR IS K ty BESS X and te preuren of appy0d
rately 0 Mi for teapeacrse grote fn 279K. The eon Lr ha
Unplick writes 71 p pad gives» god epeesatatoa of he aslabis Sapo
Snot eul, The aie of represen the experierial sealt as bes
‘oman ott evisu eareclaUaie of the dstcte searing THe me
‘tons abd i capable of suFicien verry 1 prove valu u# DebyerHuche
Tilo leaker whic eax aceucate a the eapeineatal esl alls. Vales
fof Daye. Icke dnt pene tla

Contents
1 evodetor SEL 5, Laatuue state “orf ere arse af

2a iukeood eqpcin for the alee cow
sur 808 ra
22, guia atte noc y

“Gonna old egatsa wa experiment

aeons m5
4, Cngorson nf ed een a prec es
4 Frio fh aw gui nf 60
earwate we
Acanlediu a
1 Retjrenes a
Listot Tebtes
1, pe Hel sang am sas m

2 Lastnjuon enna eamietes for E198
a

{Bling cE § Same mma aT ae ae

Sram ovine natn i nase

4 Dime Icke beating te saps Fe ese

Bebyeicial ving tow scr Bs pyact

snob eon

Beoyeete rieny ow sams he mon

s. Thiget ect nite aw apes fr ope
rota sogncsty

latof Figures

‘comin seat. aan
Fass of 12500
sMiasttonscincuussiedals tc taesda
‘AVatuef the eso stan fsa fn
sapien soothe dlc car twa
thesfzedogston
Resid pltabowing the dence aranen Se
xpsoontal oes oft gist vont
Uist age prsaran e298

for 2s aga
aod 1.6. ARCHER AND P. WANG.

‘eds ses hing the dena aimee
‘eateriemtl alent Role Stand
TST agation agra ose ad i hr
rnin Pls ond 48%

SR pln stein the dfrnacs boro
sof he exer tal ao he ote
Simsah an the fed eqocon aint nar
ant he romaorurs 212d and TD me

Sea ot shosine ts difeeose ebm
‘eapernerlaleg he dilet etal
Pe pation gene eens or

sa Conapecous 3 ie ean nad te
Titulo at sae
Talswaas 19k re

1 Capasso fhe te quae sl the ete
‘nevi aicscis wets spurt pre hie

1a Cope of te alton am the
ronal dilstie courant ping este

Sac AAR pan SESS ECGTAASKL

‘e-Coppassuolibecxpeanar irate Fig oe
toe 680K wih Rae Ta 2 mn
‘sn m1

‘aang hn 2340 357K a 0 Ps sa

VeYals 0 2, for 350m SEK end

“Romans ssalsoF ep"), taht

1 Dione. ste wah (1 (33
fs; sbsetlin ae een 2 ae Sea
00 San as
le Disence andy salted wep (1D2 CH
she ea a thea ale Sal

‘ae quaatiatiy davepton of the sncxgtca which
xia between charge poets sais 9 gmat
SGecsinioa of the elects pect of che
reins So whic Uns ches ae aera oten
stony Yo exes « econ permis a rele
rertot of wnovtan Fs te 3 he cmon Aeaire
Hon.at th aad diekectio coosnt, cer reve per
tits, Many of th acai, of model used 0 repr

corsa he phys or Usenoutvuacs rupee of
{Levealrcsloions lavas te estpton a The we
‘eo: muy he deed wo a dsc conor. Whee
{paint w Memon proper of ceceelyte sal.
‘ows te mont ofen and theory om ti rep i hee
rk ant on
“Thovibiosisorot big of susos ehanlte
suns dt fayoratecethe Date thay
KCattiaveqtl npoancentheonathener tie cee
‘Seat or eetmene mines he ken
Gmtanotwnee seamen ah intnendesces
‘Whranpviaa tetas rise coer eng
Ubsosutetne dead cleperen ay ene
‘bermostuaa opus, ee "wouen cern
Dpopsre an acpale peso he clei
“onratcfustr mit gay selon
‘execs abs die cant ba
eupiteuesepae atest el ene oc,
fhe esse ona th yp Inter sd
tussle Ign te sent the Doel
[She yond Rone cola fo ese
‘Sut vol tho ctv dl costa
eect vols den ot gpa aT
revinon epuocelaiooy of ts Seletie consent
sxc or t,t le ne
feree nosey, ihe daeorie. mat tas bo
Spend eter oy nth of peste aud pre.
{Ths woth of Brey nod Per te ma fenced
csaiple ofthe om, whee he nga of
iia thd Brak evar saute re ecm
‘acho hm peso epee
assetees ant vahoninges Th epee iat
eames of ae ag ott
Gian warhead uy ou a
‘Rtn forts wien Akg tebe ah see
prose the tempest dewaties 4r389 aie
Ics ser lc aparcacnam is stl ie
iSepntched Taser mie apgerrinmase ef
INprSetation ofthe decrees eng
Sinsation ater. Uwe
aurea prune Tie pale enact
Ninno-apeseopceateions te volunere
Ttsefwates Tot cq oer er re iia.
lovable ret epreet re woe pat t
tale allo psshle The gether oc aly
(un sla tom tbesavcnor ser oa
Daekyiouneat oA
Mw =
meen
ew
ave
Eas,

secs. poi sa he ors ee doce
foostan dejend inom thse otis, Dc te
‘hye Hock’ Hin ap sep fve a eererecsles
baad sepia ae pest oO Ga
‘ter stecemerayrried tonal aks haoea,
Until), caergerepr nor 77K (GUM wpe

Th adition to the shove frees ohare: he
unc of yp ahd 7 pe varie lorrepeeeneatior oF
Ue ecice constant efrones in he inte
Thing, the welling oft ted et, a the range
ap cables oer which dats sre feel el repre
evita of te eaprincutl soe. Therefore it
“orprnmg tht effec in Deb oka aig ne
Sinner we found wl hy sx een aig ere
Teron of ye ull constant fr ster. TRS
(Hes of Debye Hike! Sling fw foyer obtaied
{rem oe Sealey ap Tite” eaten st oa tae Co
fiat nad Franck? equitinn on tact thermo
[amie properties hey been no! eres"

Peesious Work” goted the diferences 1 Debye
ke Uaviasg Lae slopes at mle fom do ao
{he delve consnnt equation! Ueratia st Franc
au of Bredloy and Pit? Each roomed one cr
ete of the equation BOF we, Ons” vecomaeeed
tax oft cn st Uriankhai
toepance of that eatin by a eonualtec of 0 et
ration ieguiation (LAPS). Tae nthe? ecm
‘aeodod us af he Badly sod Bites eaotion, in pa,
Fcute vslues called nn ther egos were
loft ivemainel had (GLP) ter de tere
tuo aunge of 2735 to 30315 K The aceds of
scucbees exaniaiag sTecuolyc saludo propertce
Sable the rage of tanner of 7.13 37853
Sere aun. sederel the rr of Wel,
“The er pore criterion for ermemting pa
theta electriosonsnnt proven 9 prea
voter th aly of «gael envaion crepes
Ibs bos able data an to do 2 wt svcpeable vr
tet of derivatives: Bow of the efeeoec” ude come
Inrer-comparson of the we squstions However. ath,

tefetcae dessoed gpscement of the letra comma
‘eyusnos wal Ue capital 6,

"Pe prec wonk address toe Ofte volo
2. nw repmennttion of th ules stn of Wa
fom 21018 cp A281 Kv oper Carel alin
Ie oon picen to fe int und tea derives of
‘uation se that wots provide eons Ine Deke
ibkal Luts law slopes at wold he om retile
the presi asa expeiocta valu ofthe ils

2, Representation of Experimental Results

2.1 Kicknood Equation for Dieleetic
“Constant of a Fiid

11599, Kier sh fc termes
aration te dceetee sonaant of 9 Hid. Tae
‘sition given by Kirk a

MCE ye = Ne + TIAN Clay

pial east [amy e we? 8)

sn whe iste se cost isthe na
Tloutrpon of eb he ty eae
nved, bie dpol omer ofthe melee te
Shaan rates Aes. Wt ts apy wate
SOS Rewwes ote mers of wr abou fo af
Bete thepncnal ofeach sng
cules

ghey ig Be anced wih
tear be ara of he pupae Sp once
tard saslutbn chap he we il ao
seit ateet ea isco epunan sf
Eyles cpatnoad rato re Copa etapa
Fa (ip inptan earn

To pansy ne elec cseut oi ee
wasted wait dfn coe tac
Sitbe andes cc eprscnoas ferent
aug eat fhe poo ns Eas €0
tha th pear sod fr te muchotsen fe
otis afar ites wtf fads

in Wemee stupor te che ace
Ely coed ae ie yp tion eet epee
Tagua nd vane Fane pees
sa DG. ARCHER ANG P. WANG.

satr deigy apnrcarhes seen the aro = 1A
ge degrarfwale how Figen ul her peme
sou igh urate (Fig. a} ade ny 1M

Df Sian = i eh sr rn

Some nf he expesioal alas of & — th, thos
tbe lowest dene ha vane ehich fell wel one
HS saige of the Rgace, ‘Thee nwo onto
ig — Up sree emit rom Fig. and Tb Tear
Austin

1.0m ea Ya 868

© We wLap ®

sous ha each umelse o expeinanl esl
eperienalrly wore rept 6 within the a.
{es ate exponent cor OF be 260 Bay) A
oar felmizn i pd ot Beto eerste whi pe
fear error. The expen eal ines Dat he
Tau pili expasientsl eto. Vas ofp =p
aeulated Gem Une rca rcoresiens of ef
{hotpeatares grate than T7318 Ky abo wie
‘opis ebeed am ating to Deus "actress ae
Sigufeandy feront ow tage obtained foo. BS
Meger ea" rte

1 tor of mole lee! otros, centibioat
veo the Sicrscone? Rebnvine nse Como
Aipoleindoeed rolarenion. divosndovedpoacetion
Sod rotwteaa) festotens due to gleaned
‘Bont Gyarosco-Doalap fate aoe Cage of Da
Jute), Thess effects all oontoute to Joel cee
daly apeled Gadd Tew bc emer me 2
‘Ueoug Ui intteolculr pon faeion, Hor
sale die ugaleapute aipenets pian beng}
[eo a sulla ourtubale 1b ts delete cotta
{or the eager of nest hve. Ts order 1 wie
the eer of water hylengenshn Kean in
sgl of Fs {Viva exponential orm wr ined he
fimson Red to (g — Vp. The parpoe of Oe term
Sorta provides Baan ite change est of
fd plasue A saulUpliacve kati of is espn
Tal fea, « soos, ele) tas gue We be ale ca be
sbsoocd aloe epee. Teco 0d Oe
‘alee a = Tp a

pte Dip a aye ear ng ns
+ CE 265 8) 04 = BI
expla a bet Fie)

woe th 2 wet the sAjatable pastes an ph —
1 ky ac Equutinn 1) abo ude hat @ — ip
stall approach ro stripers sppreacsnGas
{we loa Tor unsorined ster, heron H shoul rer
rite). However, witnar a froin aremlecar
ten fron, i not imenen Bow the tegral e
Fr sopseashes ifs bs uakuow. Ths, is condition
sean tut bul ag 3} ae Hogtin (7 — 21
Shi appeanem By(, eaiia eelce which
ibpeoved vpccotal af ites cquatoa to experiment It
is noted thar extapslation of Ba (8) 19 tenpenuors
‘Sinethat grils than foe ofthe feed renal
Profan prndace unestie wii and am soa be
Molded. Turion (3) ae Filed le wiles of
(= ep nisin tro the experiment sale
means o's noliaes Tost-sares fing procaine. The
Trrgesqunes ented ate gives iTable 2.

"Toe eavsont of righing veut ote eau
{ror imate: ees ano ac at ef ifo8
Ing = I/pea, wn cable So Ua Oe
ines eg, mond Ho sacl en eapediental sO,
"The weighing Titi aefnad ye Te value of
nace fond th Tale 3, Toe ee ing fon
[oc aigie Valves foe aac eerie sonean
of Debyotickel biting tw slopes enered frm
Epp l) ead (3), ce given in Toble #hrooph 9 Cand
sibs one of 36 pen,

aa Lee eae pict ts Baran

22. Equation of state of woter

Ty in ohn ort wor feces appre ha tbe
Aeperdinen op nn 7 ame p called fom cra
aunions of ste eas intretcitg magccertable tat
farce Ths tompeturs and pressure divas ofthe
ddsicte sentaot cucabited Iran sne of these
fl syuioos Face show value i (9/908,
sas prea for 2741 Balled fom sega
tia of seo" Ao haan Fig. vip! ye
alt en paren he ale he ease”
fcwner givek be Ks ard Whey” nel Tah 1 3
Std for 20545 K, The pyneni t gyve ¢ root
reaneansre ver of 45.10" eu, agprosinaely
‘sulin giver «sgmoidal beboior for this derivate
ICDS K. fer 29018 the presre Gopepdonse of
Gpraph eaten from Sel ane Wagner oli
rohit n minima Tis minisnan borane sree mi
ounces a6 tompararue dcesass fava 275 K al let
Dronouncod as trppraios eaten fon 278K,
eagles Lees temperaime etion
¢ sale" gove the beet nepreentiion ot hs rapes
Hecate wal cor eb te SqE
LT Play et ef" and of Sul sat Mopar” ao ot Te
ted in order op seprscit the expuraal sen
Gna for these covditions, ce conten ta be an art

14 Re Aten wns (fF be FED te

Figore 8 oss the difssuve in f2929, etre
Int fou do equations of ast oS and Wage
x expetety pe yer Marah a 11h ew
ersare a oie pst) er et 279 K
Fh at? Tar inns enn fe hes
livros detcminea vate of eapaneigy The
va 1.6. ARCHER AND P. WANG

sgreement fir upuemens to thee Sted etion
Trapproatoaly 1%" Ter Mesa sve a tar
presmre denersence of Wi eons wees i oxo:
Tent ngrerment with the cempreware depentenoe of
Kamin and Angell unpre ras The
{did nce Fig, dane op experimental uncer
SEE2E Pigae9 ave hl the equaton SCAU" gan
the best greece with Ter Minus’ ats, fo ase
onditons.Agverment beter Ter Mona's cies
Sha hrar cesta tom Hic equation Wecores20%o-
‘chat Law tafuluey i prema, orem
itodara,

‘scout of these compar and has the
tion of FI as uscd fr hs peat waek foe epee
‘res ohove 250 K. At eoperrs et 20 Kea
Tee p rf DL AP the equation of Soeode sad Auge”
seasonal io caval he denny af writer The ec
Soest of ullereat equity of sae for exon
tion of ebro Hdskel Lage Lew lupe decribed
2 ise scion.

3. Comparison of Fitted Equation
with Experimental Results

esl fous expsne al stodes wa tl
1 andere ort Sa etesqee ae
{ine Theseus staan erence tere
eoreariener i scsi fhe fe revalls gre cared
Tenures ney F984 Re DIS Kee K nd
Fete

aa Te 27e18K

‘pry of experiment adie ore soniezed fr
saer at sompermats tess tbat 78.18 Kad O1 MP,
ie. seperogled wor, Maso ud Shahi” aa Moa
fel Angell messazed the ilocos of em
‘Shon nf wutrin an ner extemal po Teo
cemubs og wget tat who porent Tho nen ea
Onccesnty Waa plas Iobsed Lo sepa of Ue
‘lott Sasa eva nt tne san
fercenige nf che emu ter Aopltt hid Foren
Theron girly nrger than emi alt
sim ern od se of mennyemoat epiod win i
fsrot. Hodse had Auelis™ value yoned wal
Tagbes tompeptine valu belie then ae 0 hed
aint Shai Values af (20/91) alent frm te

“The ene of ero e af "and thos ot Kusshe™
sor water eer 27515 K were obit fo ps wie,
‘Rancho wach we spent oe lange ve te
fentie fangs af teaperatre, Hose, the remperatore
Aapendonce of bis dertric cement value en cs

Jeet sgraemtan wilh rele shove 273 K. aide
Gr apwsnly bated thei parakplate sipacior
Sstom Wid Mer and Marco's" safes for be
itt cnn fom 271.2 9 208K. Reeve Mat

ere nnd Mgr velo re westerly rene
rm mont he other Seiechaccrmatint viene
‘hit aman pay irda nal ye
ters ceo ign Bust e of doported Aun,

esto a0" vase wore thn esta to be toc

rte wlls, Compare of the cmpertacrtal vale oftbe
‘let ematnt and valae nantes fom he ed

32 OAs ET SOK

en peel sgisnly noe acer tan fo te
Sih o epete ages _

‘rom the rn mn i ae espera rae aad
orl MED The rely Wat tal" ak late
jt by Kay a6.” Cogan?” Mier (the
“WE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF WATER a

I SEE

puja of tao gure the rests of Cognn en Miner
cast playa seprecly, bet rgatber an Owen et
Snproumalely 005, the reals of Malmberg and Mary

Mlecat arch ie dflneal fry inet

approsinatly G2 larger tha Uke fed yuan the
owls of Butler a” wee aban aa cake
ton a eapenmay with che paul wf Blaleiogt
‘Start a ts agree wh See rls Ul Haz
Pesala other

iste ant Cleroe? onporad laa of che sain
isles cent obaiaad fom sane of foe fe:
Sueney depeadense of the compen dice constaat
thy rmpottuie foo. 46008 to 9515 Bat foe OL
‘MPH. The valu of Vidal ef a” and Cen af! >
swore used uy Kiotee and UNendod io hei sata tt
fae oor e-ar to wht snrorhas earlier vale veted
So sxtspolaton to low frequcncyy Le whether there
flats Udcpradease of Keats auc UnendasTs satis
dnc cml value flows lhe Hesse malts,
‘ned inthe ft coe. Three of the lon sem
‘Keats aad Uhleodort do ast cppea to depend ob tho
fesoe tw (Ut and 13) Bye 36108 Re DM
Suds Ky 23 GBNIS te Ua Vee Olle vale
gree ue tin apply US,

Tigue start iirtce a enpanomentl rsa
fr the ite eum agua preven for 188 1K
‘The wllrence between thet mayen Had eee
fetnenta sake of Copan” aia.” Season” 000
EE Dean aad Slokee” snes patel lead, Th gale
[etbstavio inate that thts capital stl
ani. The sroen rete af Deal show Aeronece
‘hich become ssuewaaly Lager a pease te
fcroere Thee fifo ce 8 lage 4 O45 fe de
‘tar dva soa a OS fm te ited ennatin
2 DG. ARCHER AND P. WANG

igure 7 suis the spteomant of fad fination tm
specimens, aga premire at tempers bet oe
Dia mre pe nf water he wipecenatl Ya
ts ol Snare cali x pounce dependence
het iforcnr thee ge erber mene The god
[enema of ie equate whe prosusesepadeaee
of tas vapid vals esha in Tig 6
Sorting to tempencara i appeal 525 OW
‘her or tempura of 313 a M13 Kt ap
Inn soe mink eye deepens Pelee Uo
Ferd equim nt he cape valde (8
There dufmence acted oon Be femire depen
feace of fhe high sempre reas 170, 003
Tratey od Mae” na ea Mi E00 of ik
reerancy. Above TUK, Us da cowideed be
eae und ivan combed oa ofthe sls of eg
ate he se tum onus uf De® ae prere
erie oc ares pe SQN A eT
‘onpasine Haul tin ne Whe peware dere
tela notbelped wo resale the ovrappoiew,

88. 7 970K

“Toe titferacetetonen the fed een an exec
recur for pave tape he satraton gros 8 BOT
i ope Me 9. Teun bows ht he
“THE DIELECTRIC CONGTANT OF WATER me

Pm eB el Ho. 2 9
oo 1D. ARCHER AND P.WWANG.

teuperstredevendnnen of he reap of Malmberg and
‘Manor anf Peat Stoker amperes
than 370 ao ad et age wie wopcretere do
eatin of the experiments s0ks for epee
fret han 220K Por the rev the reso aim
Foxg pnd Maree ware piven en eden rh

‘igure 1 cunyuce te pent real of Hager
ct ah” Bel nd the ied uation Toe 27838 ad
4415 K. Tio diforence foc tho ela of Hope eh
ican erg 12 for 373.35 Rand SO MP Portes
‘onion, Teds nd Pir aln baer rien
hoe ete for 200 Sa aud dir 9h empersien
hierar ee bese obese lo pasar
tuuler hon 200 MP, Figure J sowa sets 325.15,
[SPS and 2.18 K. Tho ead of Hoge oo ema
{or there terperauren and pereved at 23.15 & (Ti
1, Brom S735 K us 67215 Ky fe me cect ral
Uf bed wese tne do haves secur tic ta
Hogar et aire seul. This combiaed withthe leer
amber of rv eporad by Teo seule athe od
vation apreving beet with she Pca eal. The #7
temic Aiffermer bereen Henan of o's rene for
feperaice (ig 12). Alloway tbe Fea euain
epuwat the Deal seule 2 62415 Kal Uw the
‘igen ef vole 783.19 K youl lave seule ia
Val of (04) hss wuld no hae ee ell
Shu vues ut Une indudil penal a,
Figure 1 chan vanes ut Gefen Tor RPIIS WC
Inte ro the et Py (1 0 (8 a om the ng
of Pa, @) 3 ecb ofthe BILLS RK ocberaa ses of
yevsiesunt. The ftvad Eas (Uy and (2) gave ves
[Etorowaiat fo thoa ou he india Ble

Fhe vel uf aie a ™apana wa sal gion of
laren ant pre te vty he ei
reqion awa Tne oer mesn aare devnion of Met
‘ales tom th fine equation Wes 0.2. Pogo oa
tation at ao azecment wih ti valu of 0. ws
Theron geet. Ee Fant HP
teal emperatine, "The ts n ge ae ee
fency vo be shaky sauller thea vac alle from
‘eo fed equation. Ths sas co to teadsaer of
‘he vlc of Boyar eo? tobe aghly Urge te te

‘Same of he value of Leah a sl vale of
sr which ae angels. Ts tia dat sot waa given 20
Spelt bub lode, Che got mn guts fem
Uliton lar hese nets as 237, wh edna
Ghee wd Youn foe 493 624 K te ao ve ®
‘non wg nthe to a, Flee ele show 8
‘rave. devin of £45 fom the Sion,

sep Chm et a YO 18.No 2 to

9

of i

edi,

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