2500 Solved Problems in Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics (Schaum's Solved Problems)

807 Pages·1988·55.42 MB·English

by  Jack B. Evett, Cheng Liu

PROBLEMS IN

FLUID |.
[ae Ics

_ HYDRAULICS

Revised First Edition

Learn the best strategies for solving tough
problems in step-by-step detail.

Prepare effectively for exams and save time
in doing homework problems.

Choose from the largest sclection of solved
problems yet published on this subject.

Use the index to quickly locate the types of —
problems you most need help with,
Save this book for reference in other
courses and even for your professional

library.

i

'

JACK B, EVETT / CHENG LIU
/ =
SCHAUM’S SOLVED
PROBLEMS SERIES

2500 SOLVED PROBLEMS IN

FLUID
MECHANICS
AND
HYDRAULICS
J Jack B, Beet, PR.D., Professor of Chil Engingering, and Cheng
Tia Ms. dusnciie Professor of Chal Engineering Technolgy.
both atthe University of North Carolina at Charlo

‘oh autors hive extensive teaching experience i the domain of hid
‘mechanics and nylraicr They are conthors of textbook hl
‘ethics forthe MeGra-Hil allege Dain,

Projet supervision by The Total Rook:
Cover design by Wanda Sieclecka.
Index by Hugh C: Madducks, Ph.D.

Lateay of Contras Cateeging i

veg Jack 8.

“sp sved problems in uid mchanis. and hydrates / by Jack B.
vei, Cheng Liv

Ben co. Schaum's sve proba sen

Ish 0070197820

1. Fhid mechaies— Problems, execs, ct. 2, Hydrelcs—Problems,
exerts, ee Eid, Cbeag. il Te HL Tele: Twente hundred
‘oes problems in iid memanis nd Byes, 1. Sei
Tatsi cs 1988

TTSBN Q-U?-U19784-4 (Hormertypubshed vader ISBN 047-019783-0)

Copyright © 198 McGraw-Hil, ne. All rights reserved. Printed in the
Une Sttes of America, Except as peteuted under the United States
CComyigh Act of 1376, no part of tis publication may be reproduced OF
‘arte in any form oF by 309 med, o ne date eo reed
‘ysom, shout the roe writen permison of the publ
CONTENTS

To the Student .

List of Abbreviations

List af Conversion Factors a
Chapter 1 PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS 1
‘Cmpter_ 2 FLULD STATICS 2s
Chapter 3 FORCES ON SUBMERGED PLANE AREAS 3
Qnapter 4 DAMS. n
‘Onapter_§ FORCES ON SUBMERGED CURVED AREAS 8s
Chapter 6 BUOYANCY AND FLOTATION 108
(Chapter 7 KINEMATICS OF FLUID MOTION ro
Chapter 8 FUNDAMENTALS OF FLUID FLOW 17
Chapter 9 FLOW IN CLOSED CONDUITS ”
(Chapter 10. SERIES PIPELINE SYSTEMS 69
Chapter IL PARALLEL PIPELINE SYSTPMS om
(Chapter 12. BRANCHING PIPELINE SYSTEMS sa
(Guapier 3. FIPE NETWORKS as
Chapter 14 FLOW IN OFEN CHANNELS 6
Chapter 15. FLOOD ROUTING 459
Chapter 16 FLOW OF COMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS 460
Chapter 17 FLOW MEASUREMENT 0
‘Chapter 18 DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS AND SIMILITUDE sm
Chapter 19 UNSTEADY FLOW sao
Chapter 20. PUMPS AND TANS oo
Chapice 21. TURBINES on
Chapter 22. HYDRAULIC AND ENERGY GRADE LINES or

Ww

el eC I wT
jv 0 CONTENTS:
‘Chapter 23 FORCES DEVELOPED BY FLUIDS IN MOTION
(Capter24 DYNAMIC DRAG AND LIFT
Chapter 25. BASIC HYDRODYNAMICS
Appendix

Index

42 eae
To the Student

This book contairs precisely 2500 completely solved problems in the areas of vid mechanics

and hydraulics. Viraly all types of problems ordinarily encountered in study and practice in

these areas are covered. Not only you. but teachers, practtinners, and graduates, reviewing
ing licensing examinations shoul! find these problems vafuable

it you ‘with cur “approach,” partular steps taken in presenting the problems and

their solutions axe itemized below

+ Fist anil ost important of all, eeeh problem amd its sclution are essentially independent
ain! selteuntaincd. That is co say, walt contains all the data, equations, and computations
every 10 find the sners. Tus, you should be able 40 pick a problem anywhere and
Tullow iis solution without having Is teview whatever presedes i, The exception to this I
the weeasional problem that specially elem Uo, snl carries over information from,
previous problem,

+ Ti the solutions, our objective has bec wo present any sewed equation Girt amd then

uly 16 evaluate each term in the equation iu oder to find the awhwer, ‘The ers my

be evaluated separately or within the equstion itll. For example, when solving an equa

tion chat has the parameter “ajea” as onc of iis tots, dhe ate tern (A) may be eva

uated separately and ite value substituted isto the equation [as in Prob. 14.209), or Hm
he evaluated within the equation itself [as in Prob. 14:94]

+ Virualy every umber appearing ia a solution is either “give” information (appearing as
data in the statement of the problem or on an accompanying usiation), # previeusly
omputed value within the problem, a conversion factor (obtainable fiom the List of Co
Veision Factors), or a physical property (ebtaincble ‘rom a table or iisicnion in the
‘Appendx) Tor example, in Prob. 1.77, the number 1.49, which docs wot appear ehewlete
in the problem, is the dynamic viscosity (a) of glheeria, it was obtained from Table AS in
the Append

“+ We bive cried to include all hot the most familar items in the List of Abbevians ail
Symbols. Hence, when am unknown sign is encountered in a problein or its soluion, a so
Df that fit should prove help'al. Ths, the infrequently used symbol is cicounicied
Prob. 25.5. According to the list, represents the stream function, aid you ase quickly
your way ta solution

Evory problem solution in this book thas beer checked, but, with 2500 in all, it is in-
evtasle that some mistakes will slip through, We would appreciate it if you would take the
time to communicate any mistakes. you find to vs, so that they may be corrected in future
printings. W> wish to thank Bill Langley, of The University of North Carolina at Charlotte,
‘who assisted us with some of the prablem selection and preparation
Abbreviations and Symbols

Boe aon

(Caphay ale uetwecnsblute velo ffi in sou machin and Kear slay uf point om &
‘otitig body or ecient of thera expansion ot dinensoales ratio of alitade
sm raepbere
ans Tmoephee
Prteia) eagle between relive voi in hydraulic machioes and Uoea velocity of «pur ea soaling
‘ody of sete of empresbliy oF ratio af abstraction dametr (@ dist damcte

safc with or oer wet

Siface width o other id

brake horepower

babe power

Dai enern wt

ped ofsound we wave spud (celery)

Celsucer cechnge coe speed of peagaton

‘lorie
or CB center of bsaney

lec contraction

rag ction

tietordeag oven

eae for per sane
rh ante ol gay

Fl cb cote

lat cotien

center 0

eemipise

ante of pressure

Side bon a oostoux preesie

speci boat a consant lume

tefieon of elorty

swt octet

epihor diet

‘depth or dumetero¢ dag frre
B dees) thknercf boundary layer
Br (Gchaythbkwer of he vec slay
AeDeta) Stange in toe diferenne beeen)
a

Shae eh
Dy etetve dareter

D ile mete

a esndepeh

« oma depth

o ermal dept

e Judaluseheoasey or sci ence oF welacy mytadeh tet
ae Idle eioney

a sation

3 fox) pump or trie enc
femal) bight or sutace roughness

Bo punpenegy
Bikegeneey
sr expences

f frequency of osilatin cles per seond) oF ition factor
vil J ABBREVIATIONS aND SYMBOLS

E Fatrenht fore
5 anyone fore

fe tw fore

te horror

ra ti ioe

- foot per sco

Fa, fata of aly

k tiot

he split frce on a dam

x seal tore

£ sedlerition duet lati or gage ight ran
& IER a

a selon

‘exe Specie for unt) wright
E(Ganime) drealion

GN aiganewton (10'N)
GPs pigpasea0"Pa)

eect palms per ive

y Enthlny pera mass height or depth or peesize head or bro
+ ‘Ree high depth ed

* enthalpy por ut gh

a ners fe eal energy hed

tai hen tee

he ‘Serial dep center né rvies

as Seta! dep canter of pre

x Te es det rion

He mewn

TGR, ya rate ie

4 ‘ot me oes

in eal ene dew re

i oepoer

i er eyes per cna)

t nf or nae Fee

» inside deme

Ginny) seemtines we a aubaip ca nda team

x Fak model eastioy oF Kevin or ingrown!
a specie heat ala

teal cari 0c)

ig ‘egan dt")

o Kept U0)

tas Elomerer 0

ww inewton (0°)

BP apa (OP)

BY Ghana 108)

L long Wi foro ee

2 udmbds) model ati o a eal

ry pound

ra pid nas

n unalone euge

pe beat doasion 9 boda!

o ae dimer in prolarybe

a trae Re a

tas on ate of molecular weight or manent egue
BE acance ram coer nyancy te maser

shoe lle (10 "be)

lion gllons ps day
op
Bote

ABEREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

bier 0 "UY
rlister (10"* meter)

riogarenem (UP

mepapars! C10 Ps)

sale per eur

nolo or dyrami iy

imegwost (Ut ®)

ning roughness coeccac or auntie of kes
emt statin spe

Brinker number

Fron nomber

net pniuve sution bea

spec peat pu or tating

Hrematic rts

sa toes

Srgusevelonty

premure ope

Fee usually eeating for on applied preewe) or power
pascal

ptpbors-velocts factor

‘Sevens parameter

paver aio

egos pressure

one per sgne e

od persqace esto

Dovel persaneinch ie
Pree fo liom a y= WE
Sores

Fw cate permit nh Ret anit as,
sHgeatge ot heat or tole Bow ate

heat acne pos unt eight of Bl
otume fv at pr ual With fennel
des

sv somant or Rankine or raultnt fore or hydrani cade
‘nonce ending

fan

‘ideal hyde ai

Idle ios

intaedencty

Inside age

cies

evohtions per mints

‘universal gor eonmint

atepy if ubmtanee second Or sep?
oper tone

‘sia se

pecibeneey

spect groiy of manor fad

specie git of Mowing Od
0 ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

ofan)
2
Eee)
5

poeey ergy eee esnnase se 1906s

pu cvitui prameter ors te tno
‘rita ade

peste groity of Ming id

pete gai of ranometn ld

thier o ne

nface with or tarpetauteortengue ot amon
shear ste

Shear reste»

agton tompertare

ebay

enter vlocicy

‘pecie volo
Bear veonty

fangeatal velocity

rermann veoaty

=e

Testor ecight or wight fom rate or work

‘Seeman Ro nner of ray to center of rena in dseton
some

opt

crea depth

‘inanes fm cone of rats (oonter of premre in ysreton
erat depo

Porm aa

Jina dndance eo gud surtaca to cower of gray

‘etn tance rm Igul saris soar of pease