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21. Fish Fauna of Idukki and Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuaries Southern Kerala, India PDF

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Preview 21. Fish Fauna of Idukki and Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuaries Southern Kerala, India

. MISCELLANEOUSNOTES References Ahlander,Erik(1988):Monotretatravancorica-enrund fishfromTravancore.Rec. IndianMus.XLIII(3): ochmycketlitenfisk.FaunaOchFlora5:208-211 387-393. Biju. C.R., K. RajuThomas & C.R. Ajithkumar(1999): Inasu,N.D. (1993): Sexual dimorphism ofa freshwater OccurrenceofTetraodontravancoricus(Horaand pufferfish,Tetraodon(Monotretus)travancoricus Nair)intheChalakudy,PeriyarandKecheryrivers, Hora and Nair, collected from Trichur district, Kerala.J. Bombaynat. Hist. Soc. 96(1): 161. CentralKerala,J.Bombaynat.Hist.Soc. 90:523- Britz, R. & M. Kottelat (1999): Carinotetraodon 524. imitator, anewfreshwaterpufferfish from India RemaDevi,K.,T.J.Indra&K.J.Emilyamma(1996):On (Teleostei:Tetraodontiformes).J.South.AsianNat. the fish collections from Kerala, deposited in Hist. 4(1):39-47,9fig. SouthernRegional Station,Zoological Surveyof Hora,S.L.&K.K.Nair(1941):Notesonthefishesinthe IndiabyNRMStockholm.Rec. zool. Surv. India IndianMuseumXLI,Newrecordsoffreshwater 95(3-4): 129-146. 21. FISH FAUNAOF IDUKKI ANDNEYYARWILDLIFE SANCTUARIES SOUTHERN KERALA, INDIA Kerala state, though small, has 44 rivers, (1996) recorded six species in addition to and a large number of dams have been Chacko’s (1948) list. Menon and Jacob (1996) constructed across many rivers in order to use described a new Cyprinid fish Crossocheilus thewaterforirrigationandhydroelectricprojects. periyarensis from PTR. Zacharias et al. (1996) Thesedamsaremostlyintheforests,hencetheir collected 35 species from PTR. Very recently, catchment areas have to be protected. Keeping Zacharias and Minimol (1999) reported this in mind, forests around many reservoirs of NemacheilusmenoniasanewspeciesfromPTR. dams have been constituted as wildlife FishfaunastudiesofChinnarWildlifeSanctuary sanctuaries. Such sanctuaries are intended to were carried out by Easa and Shaji (1996) and ensure preservation of natural conditions RajuThomas etal. (1999a). Recently Biju etal. necessary to protect nationally significant (1999) recorded 40 fish species from the species, biotic communities orphysical features ParambikulamWildlifeSanctuary.Ichthyofaunal ofthe environment (Basha 1997). studies of the Eravikulam National Park were The freshwater fish fauna studies of undertaken by Raju Thomas et al.(1999b). The sanctuariesandnationalparksinsouthernKerala presentstudygivesinformationonthestatusand have gained the attention ofvarious researchers distribution of fishes in the Idukki and Neyyar in the past, of which several studies were Wildlife Sanctuaries. conducted in the Periyar Tiger Reserve (PTR). Idukki Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in Raj (1941a, b) described three new fish from Idukki district above the Idukki arch dam (9° Periyar lake, namely Lepidopygopsis typus, 45'-9° 55' N; 76° 50’-77° 05' E). The Sanctuary Barbus (Puntius) ophicephalus and Barbus is drained by Periyar river and its tributary (Puntius) micropogon periyarensis. Chacko Cheruthoni river. Idukki reservoir is formed by (1948) listed 35 species of fishes from Periyar theconstructionofthreedamsacrossPeriyarand lake (PTR), and according to himmahseer (Tor Cheruthoni river. Cherian (1990) studied the khudree)isthecommonestfishinthelake. Indra impact ofreduction inthe water flow below the andRemaDevi(1990)collected 19speciesfrom Idukkidams,inthePeriyarriver.Detailedstudies Thekkady Wildlife Reserve (PTR). Arun et al. conducted by Kurup (1983) on the dead JOURNAL, BOMBAYNATURAL HISTORYSOCIETY, 97(3),DEC. 2000 443 . MISCELLANEOUS NOTES specimensfromthesewatersin 1980-83revealed Peppara WLS (north) and Agasthya Vanam thatthe fishes had dieddue to the high levels of Biological Park, Thiruvananthapuram district, toxicity in the water. The state boundaries of the Sanctuary are the Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary is the Mundanthurai and Kalakkad Sanctuaries in southernmost protected area ofKerala (8° 30'- Tamil Nadu (Nair 1991). This Sanctuary is 8° 37 N, 77° 8'-77° 17' E). It is very near to drainedby the Neyyar river and its tributaries. Table1 Table1(contd) FISHESCOLLECTEDFROMIDUKKINEYYAR FISHESCOLLECTEDFROMIDUKKINEYYAR WILDLIFESANCTUARIESANDTHEIRABUNDANCE WILDLIFESANCTUARIESANDTHEIRABUNDANCE S.No. Species Idukki Neyyar S.No. Species Idukki Neyyar I.Family:Anguillidae VII.Family:Heteropneustidae 1. Anguillabengalensis(Gray) ++ + 32. Heteropneustesfossilis(Bloch) + - II.Family:Cyprinidae VIII.Family:Siluridae 2. Catlacatla(Ham.) ++ ++ 33. Ompokbimaculatus(Bloch) ++ ++ 3. CyprinuscarpiocommunisLinn. +++ ++ 34. Wallagoattu(Schneider) ++ ++ 4. Hypselobarbuscurmuca(Ham.) +++ - 5. H.kuraliMenon&RemaDevi ++ ++ IX.Family:Sisoridae 6. Labeorohita(Ham.) ++ ++ 35. Glyptothoraxmadraspatanus(Day) + - 7. Barbodescarnaticus(Jerdon) ++ ++ 8. B.saranasubnasutus(Val.) ++ ++ X.Family:Belonidae 9. Puntiusamphibius(Val.) +++ +++ 36. Xenentodoncancila(Ham.) ++ ++ 10. P.arulius(Jerdon) - +++ 11. P.filamentosus(Val.) +++ +++ XI.Family:Aplocheilidae 12. P.melanampyx(Day) ++ ++ 37. Aplocheiluslineatus(Val.) +++ +++ 13. P.ticto(Ham.) +++ - 14. Torkhudree(Sykes) +++ +++ XII.Family:Nandidae 15. Salmostomaboopis(Day) - ++ 38. PristolepismarginataJerdon - ++ 16. BariliusbakeriDay ++ +++ 17. B.gatensis(Val.) ++ ++ XIII.Family:Ambassidae 18. Danioaequipinnatus(McClelland) +++ ++ 39. Parambassisthomassi(Day) +++ ++ 19. D.malabaricus(Jerdon) - +++ 20. Parluciosomadaniconius(Ham.) ++++ +++ XIV.Family:Cichlidae 21. Garramullya(Sykes) +++ +++ 40. Etroplusmaculatus(Bloch) +++ +++ 41. E.suratensis(Bloch) ++ + III.Family:Balitoridae 42. Oreochromismossambica(Peters) +++ +++ 22. Bhavaniaaustralis(Jerdon) ++ ++ 23. NoemacheilusguentheriDay ++ ++ XV.Family:Gobidae 24. N.triangularisDay ++ ++ 43. Glossogobiusgiuris(Ham.) ++ - IV.Family:Cobitidae XVI.Family:Channidae 25. Lepidocephalusthermalis(Val.) - ++ 44. Channamarulius(Ham.) ++ + 45. C.orientalis(Bloch&Schneider) + + V.Family:Bagridae 26. Horabagrusbrachysoma(Gunther) + XVII.Family:Mastacembelidae 27. Mystusarmatus(Day) +++ ++ 46. Mastacembelusarmatus(Lacepede) ++ ++ 28. M.malabaricus(Jerdon) - ++ 29. M.oculatus(Val.) +++ ++ Total 40 38 30. M. vittatus(Bloch) + - VI.Family:Claridae (+)_yery rare> (++)= Rare, (+++)= Common, (++++) 31 ClanasbatrachusLinn + - Verycommon,(-)=Absent 444 JOURNAL BOMBAYNATURAL HISTORYSOCIETY, 97(3), DEC 2000 MISCELLANEOUSNOTES SampleswerecollectedfromOctober 1998 Anguilla bengalensis, Etroplus suratensis, toApril 1999to studythe status anddistribution Channa marulius and C. orientalis. offishfauna. Samplingwasdoneusingcastnets, hooks and a modified form ofcastnet for small Acknowledgements fish. The specimens were preserved in 10% formalin. WethanktheUSFishandWildlifeService A total of 40 species belonging to 16 and the Ministry of Environment and Forests, families and 29 genera were collected from the Govt of India, for sponsoring the project on Idukki Sanctuary, and 38 species belonging to “Ecology ofhill streams ofthe Western Ghats 13 families and 26 genera were recorded from with special reference to fish community”. the Neyyar Sanctuary (Table 1). Three culture Dr. K. Rema Devi, Scientist, Zoological Survey fishes were collected fromboth the sanctuaries. of India, Chennai for confirming our Most of the species are widely distributed in identifications. Mr. J.C. Daniel, Hon. Secretary, KeralaandotherpartsoftheWesternGhats.The Dr. Asad R. Rahmani, Director and Dr. B.F. followingeightspecieswerecollectedonlyfrom Chhapgar of the BNHS, for encouragement. the Idukki WLS: Hypselobarbus curmuca, Dr. R. Sugathan, Thattekad Bird Sanctuary, Puntius ticto, Horabagrus brachysoma, Mystus Kerala, Drs. S. Alagarajan, Ranjit Manakadan, vittatus, Clarias batrachus, Heteropneustes S. Balachandran and G. Maheswaran of the fossilis, Glyptothorax madraspatanus and BNHS, and the forest officials of Idukki and Glossogobiusgiuris.Afewspecieswerecollected NeyyarWildlife Sanctuaries for help. only from the Neyyar WLS, namely Puntius arulius, Daniomalabaricus, Salmostomaboopis, April 26, 2000 K. RAJU THOMAS Lepidocephalusthermalis,Pristolepismarginata C.R. BIJU* andMystusmalabaricus. Theabundanceofthese C.R. AJITHKUMAR species is given in Table I. Hypselobarbus Bombay NaturalHistory Society, curmuca was seen abundantly in Idukki WLS HornbillHouse, S.B. Singh Road, and Tor khudree was collected in plenty from Mumbai 400 023, Maharashtra, India. Idukki reservoir and below Meenmutty ^PresentAddress: Chemmandaparambil (H), waterfalls, Neyyar WLS. Glyptothorax P.O. Chembuchira 680 684, madraspatanus, Clarias batrachus, Thrissur (Dt), Kerala, India. Heteropneustes fossilis, Horabagrus M. JOHN GEORGE brachysoma, Channa orientalis and Mystus Mar Thoma Collegefor Women, vittatus were foundtobe very rare in the Idukki Perumbavoor, Ernakulam, WLS. InNeyyarWLS,theveryrarespecieswere Kerala 683542, India. ReferENCES Arun,L.K.,C.P.Shaji&P.S.Easa(1996):Recordofnew Fishes of Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary, fishesfromPeriyarTigerReserve.J.Bombaynat. PalakkadDistrict,Kerala.J.Bombaynat.Hist.Soc. Hist. Soc. 93(1): \03. 96(1):82-87. Basha, S.C. (1997): Management and Conservation of Chacko,P.I.(1948):DevelopmentoffisheriesofthePeriyar Wildlife.TheNaturalResourcesofKerala.EdsK. lake.J. Bombaynat. Hist. Soc. 48: 191-192. BalachandranThampi,N.M.NayarandC.S.Nair. Cherjan,P.T.(1990):Studiesonsomeecologicalimpacts World Wide Fund for Nature-India, ofthe reduction in the flow ofwater below the Thiruvananthapuram. Idukki dams, in the Periyarriver in Kerala Rec. Bijtj, C.R., K. RajuThomas &C.R. Ajithkumar(1999): zool. Surv. India86(3& 4):437-442. JOURNAL, BOMBAYNATURAL HISTORYSOCIETY, 97(3),DEC. 2000 445 . MISCELLANEOUSNOTES Easa, P.S. & C.P. Shaji (1996): Freshwater fishes of Raj, S.B. (1941b): Two new Cyprinid fishes from Pambarriver,ChinnarWildlifeSanctuary,Kerala. Travancore,southIndia,withremarksonBarbus J. Bombaynat. Hist. Soc. 93(2): 304 306. (Puntius)micropogonCuv.&Val.Rec.Ind.Mus. Indra,T.J.&K.RemaDevi(1990):Onasmallcollection 43:375-386. offishfromThekkadyWildlifeSanctuary,Western RajuThomas,K.,C.R.Biju&C.R.Ajithkumar(1999a): Ghats.Rec.zool. Surv. India. 87(3):249-257. AdditionstothefishfaunaofPambarriver,Kerala. Kurup,M.B.(1983):Studiesonthesystematicsandbiology J. Bombaynat. Hist. Soc. 96(2):330-332. ofthefishesoftheVembanadlake.Ph.D.Thesis, RajuThomas,K.,C.R.Biju.,C.R.Ajithkumar&M.John UniversityofCochin,Kochi.Pp.300. George (1999b): Ichthyofauna of Eravikulam Menon, A.G.K. & P.C. Jacob (1996): Crossocheilus National Park with notes on trout culture in periyarensisanewCyprinidfishfromThanikudy Rajamalai, Munnar, Kerala.J. Bombaynat. Hist. (Thekkady), Kerala, India. J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 96(2): 199-202. Soc. 93(1):62-64. — Zacharias,V.J.,A.K.Bhardwaj&P.C.Jacob(1996):Fish Nair, S.C. (1991): The Southern Western Ghats a faunaofPeriyarTigerReserveJ.Bombaynat.Hist. biodiversity conservation plan, INTACH, 'New Soc. 93(1):39-43. Delhi. Zacharias, V.J. &K.C. Minimol(1999): Noemacheilus Raj, S.B. (1941a): AnewgenusofSchizothoracinefish menoni, a new species offish from Malappara, fromTravancore, southIndia. Rec. Ind. Mus. 43: PeriyarTigerReserve,Kerala.J.Bombaynat.Hist 209-214. Soc. 96(2):288-290. 22. ECTEINASCIDIA SLUITERIHERDMAN (PEROPHORIDAE), A NEW RECORD OFACOLONIALASCIDIAN(PROCHORDATA)TO INDIANWATERS (With one text-figure) A colonial ascidian, Ecteinascidiasluiteri Synonymy: Ecteinascidia sluiteri Herdman 1906isreportedforthefirsttimefrom Herdman, 1906, p. 300. Tokioka, 1950, p. 126. Ervadi coastofTamilNadu, India. So faronly4 Millar, 1975, p. 267. Kott, 1985, p. 98. species ofthe genus Ecteinascidia are reported Taxonomy: Class: Ascidiacea, Order: fromIndia(Das 1938; Renganathan 1984, 1986; Enterogona, Suborder: Phlebobranchia, Family: Renganathan and Krishnaswamy 1985). Of Perophoridae, Genus: Ecteinascidia, Species: these, Ecteinascidia bombayensis was reported sluiteri. from the west coast, whereas the other three Description: The colony consists of species, Ecteinascidia garstangi, E. imperfecta, uprightzooids, 0.7 x 0.3 cm, attachedby a short E. krishnani were from the east coast. The stalk fromtheposteroventral comer ofthe body specimen studied has been deposited in the to a common basal mat of stolons. Branchial NationalCollectionsoftheZoologicalSurveyof apertureterminalandatrialaperturesubterminal. India, Chennai (AS. 16). Bothapertures onvery low, conical siphons and haveinconspicuouslobes.Testtransparent,firm, Ecteinascidia sluiteri Herdman 1906 naked Zooids arepale greeninlife,butbecome Occurrence and distribution: A few colourless in preservative. individuals of a damaged colony attached to The body wall is thin, delicate, calcrete stones were collected from the littoral vascularised, andthe arrangement ofmuscles is zone ofthe Ervadi coast (9° IP N; 78° 43’ E). peculiar, inthatthe transverse muscles are short This species has been previously reported from and grouped to form three longitudinal bands Sri Lanka (Herdman 1906), Palau Islands (onemid-dorsalandtwolateral).Ontheleftside, (Tokioka 1950), Singapore (Millar 1975) and the band does not extend beyond the gut loop. Australia (Kott 1985). Circular and longitudinal muscles are present 446 JOURNAL, BOMBAYNATURAL HISTORYSOCIETY, 97(3), DEC. 2000

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