Химия. Экология. Биотехнология - 2015: Chemistry. Ecology. Biotechnology - 2015 : тезисы докладов XVII региональной научно-практической конференции студентов и молодых ученых (г. Пермь, 21-22 апреля 2015 г.)

47 Pages·2015·0.383 MB·Russian

by  М-во образования и науки Российской Федерации, Федеральное гос. бюджетное образовательное учреждение высш. проф. образования "Пермский нац. исслед. политехнический ун-т" , [редкол.: В. В. Вольхин, Г. В. Леонтьева, Т. С. Серова]

Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное
учреждение высшего профессионального образования
«Пермский национальный исследовательский
политехнический университет»

CHEMISTRY. ECOLOGY. BIOTECHNOLOGY – 2015

ХИМИЯ. ЭКОЛОГИЯ. БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ – 2015

Abstracts for the Regional Conference
of students and young scientists
(Perm, April 21–22, 2015)

Тезисы докладов
ХVII региональной научно-практической конференции
студентов и молодых ученых
(г. Пермь, 21–22 апреля 2015 г.)

Издательство
Пермского национального исследовательского
политехнического университета
2015
УДК 54.057 + 504.054 + 504.064.2:54
Х46

Studies in the areas of chemistry, chemical engineering, biotechnology and
ecology aimed at the development of energy and resource saving technologies
are presented. Problems in the manufacturing of a wide scope of products of
chemical industry and biotechnology are discussed.

Приведены результаты исследований в области химии, химической тех-
нологии, биотехнологии и экологии, направленных на разработку энерго- и ре-
сурсосберегающих технологий. Рассмотрены проблемы получения широкого
круга продуктов химической технологии и биотехнологии.

Editorial Board:
Doctor of Chemistry, Prof. V.V. Volkhin,
Doctor of Chemistry, Prof. G.V. Leontievа,
Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Prof. T.S. Serova.

Редакционная коллегия:
д-р хим. наук, проф. В.В. Вольхин,
д-р хим. наук, проф. Г.В. Леонтьева,
д-р пед. наук, проф. Т.С. Серова

Proof-readers:
Doctor of Chemistry, Prof. S.V. Ostrovskii
(Perm National Research Polytechnic University),
Doctor of Chemistry U.S. Chekrishkin
(Institute of Technical Chemistry, Ural Branch,
Russian Academy of Science).

Рецензенты:
д-р хим. наук, проф. С.В. Островский
(Пермский национальный исследовательский
политехнический университет);
д-р хим. наук Ю.С. Чекрышкин
(Институт технической химии УрО РАН, г.Пермь)

ISBN 978-5-398-01405-1 © ПНИПУ, 2015
© PNRPU, 2015
CONTENTS
N.A. Klimov, D.A. Kazakov, V.V. Vol’khin
PREPARATION OF CATALYSTS FOR BIOCATALYTIC
AND CHEMICAL OXIDATION OF GLUCOSE...............................6
N.S. Voronina, I.A. Permyakova, V.V. Vol’khin
DEVELOPMENT OF THE STAGE OF ESTERIFICATION
OF WASTE VEGETABLE OILS TO CREATE LOW-WASTE
TECHNOLOGY OF SECOND GENERATION BIODIESEL............8
A.A. Rukavitsyna, A.V. Bazhutin, L.D. Asnin
DETERMINATION OF PHENYLALANINE ENANTIOMERS
IN CELL CULTURE MEDIUM BY HIGH PERFORMANCE
LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY.........................................................9
O.I. Bakhireva, D.A. Popov
SORPTION OF Сd2+ IONS BY EXFOLIATED VERMICULITE
IN CONDITIONS OF MICROORGANISMS FUNCTIONING......11
E.E. Alikina, E.A. Kasatkina, I.A. Permyakova. V.V. Vol’khin
THE DETERMINATION OF GLYCEROL IN BIODIESEL...........13
A.U. Druk, D.А. Rozhina, А.S. Makoveev, S.U. Solodnikov, L.S. Pan
USING COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON SEA
ALGAE AND HEXACYANOFERRATE OF FERRUM
AS ENTEROSORBENTS...................................................................14
L.N. Smirnova, O.N. Oktyabrskiy
DEVELOPMENT OF A TEST SYSTEM FOR CONTROL
OVER THE CONTENT OF HEAVY METALS IN NATURAL
AND MAN-MADE WATERS...........................................................15
A.V. Tsukanov, D.A. Kazakov, V.V. Vol’khin
PREPARATION OF MAGNETIC CATALYSTS
FOR BIOCATALYTIC AND CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS
OF GLUCONIC ACID.......................................................................17
J.O. Gulenova, D.A. Kazakov, V.V. Vol’khin
OXIDATIVE MINERALIZATION OF 4-NITROPHENOL USING
BIODEGRADATION AND CATALYTIC OZONATION...............19

3
E.L. Nosenko, G.V. Leontjevа, V.V. Vol’khin
LOWERING THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF HEAVY METALS
IONS IN CONTAMINATED SOILS USING PHOSPHATE
STABILIZERS-AMELIORATORS AND THE RESULT
EVALUATION BY BIOTESTING....................................................21
A.S. Averkina, V.V. Vol’khin
EFFECTS OF FILMS OF HYDROPHOBIC PARTICLES
ON THE TRANSPORT OF OXYGEN THROUGH
THE AIR – WATER INTERFACE IN PROCESSES
OF BIOCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF GLYCEROL.....................23
M.N. Obirina, D.A. Kazakov, V.V. Vol’khin
MINERALIZATION OF OXALIC ACID
BY BIODEGRADATION AND CATALYTIC OZONATION.........25
L.I. Ismagzamova, G.V. Leont’eva
THE DETERMINATION OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS
FOR HYDRATE Mg (PO ) ·22H O..................................................27
3 4 2 2
A.V. Shutova, G.V. Leont’eva
INFLUENCE OF SURFACTANT ON THE MORPHOLOGY
OF STRUVITE IN ITS PRECIPITATION FROM AQUEOUS
SOLUTIONS.......................................................................................28
I.Y. Zorichev, I.A. Permjakova, V.V. Vol’khin
INTENSIFICATION OF TRANSESTERIFICATION
IN LOW-WASTE TECHNOLOGY OF SECOND
GENERATION BIODIESEL.............................................................29
A.S. Makoveev, A.Y. Druk, L.S. Pan
OBTAINING BIOSORBENTS BY MODIFYING ALGAE
BIOMASS FOR ADSORPTION OF IODINE
FROM THE GAS-AIR PHASE..........................................................30
A.I. Semicheva, A.V. Portnova
CREATION OF BIOSORBENT BASED ON HUMIC ACIDS
FOR PURIFICATION OF MINE WATERS FROM Fe3+ IONS.......32
E.A. Sukhoplecheva, I.A. Permyakova, D.A. Kazakov, V.V. Vol’khin
THE DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR INTENSIFICATION
OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM WASTE OIL
AND ETHANOL................................................................................34
4
D.А. Rozhina, А.U. Druk, L.S. Pаn, V.V. Vol’khin
SYNTHESIS OF COMPOSITE BIOSORBENTS BASED
ON IRON POTASSIUM HEXACYANOFERRATE
AND SEAWEED, THEIR BIOTESTING AND USE
FOR DRINKING WATER.................................................................36
O.I. Bakhireva, A.A. Ananko
STUDY OF THE POSSIBILITY OF EXTRACTING Sr2+ IONS
FROM SOLUTIONS USING MICROORGANISMS........................37
Y.V. Andreeva, O.V. Kolesova, S.Y. Solodnikov
MANUFACTURE OF FOOD ADDITIVES ON THE BASIS
OF THE JUICE OF WHEAT SPROUTS
WITH MICROBIOLOGICAL UTILIZATION
OF RESIDUAL OILCAKE................................................................39
F. Khakimova, K. Sinyaev, A. Mukhtarov, Y. Sypacheva
ABOUT ECF-BLEACHING OF SULPHITE PULP..........................40
O.V. Makhrova, D.A. Popov, O.I. Bakhireva, M.M. Sokolova
MICROBIOLOGICAL METHOD OF SOIL CLEANING
FROM Pb2+, Hg2+, Co2+ IONS............................................................42
O.G. Stefantzova, V.A. Rupcheva, G.R. Gaynanova, V.Z. Poylov
RESEARCH OF THE POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
CONVERSION BY SULFURIC ACID IN THE VACUUM.............44
O.A. Noskova, D.A. Volkov, O.A. Zyrjanova, N.O. Krivoschekova
PREPARATION OF POWDER CELLULOSE
USING HYDROGEN PEROXIDE.....................................................46

5
УДК 544.034

N.A. Klimov, D.A. Kazakov, V.V. Vol’khin

PREPARATION OF CATALYSTS FOR BIOCATALYTIC
AND CHEMICAL OXIDATION OF GLUCOSE

Perm National Research Polytechnic University

Gluconic acid is a valuable chemical product for the pharmaceutical
and food industries. It can be obtained by biocatalytic or chemical oxida-
tion of glucose by oxygen. Biocatalytic oxidation of glucose to gluconic
acid occurs in the presence of glucose oxidase (GOD). Chemical oxida-
tion of glucose is carried out in the presence of solid palladium supported
catalysts. Kinetic stage of these processes is very fast and the dissolution
rate of O in the aqueous phase does not provide the needs of chemical
2
reaction. Glucose oxidation reaction is limited by gas-liquid oxygen mass
transfer. Therefore, oxygen is absent in the bulk aqueous phase. Thus,
only part of the catalyst takes part in the reaction. It can be assumed that
increase of the catalyst concentration near the gas-liquid interface can in-
crease the reaction rate. One of the possible ways for catalyst particles
concentrating in the boundary layer of liquid is to reduce wettability of
catalysts surface by its chemical modification using alkyltrichlorosilane
(ATCS). However, the effect of surface modification of palladium sup-
ported catalysts has been studied insufficiently. Data on the effect of sur-
face modification of biocatalysts on glucose oxidation are absent in the
literature. The aim of this study is synthesis and properties investigation
of the surface-modified catalysts for chemical and biocatalytic glucose
oxidation. The objectives of the study: 1) isolation of microorganisms
producing GOD, study of growth kinetics and GOD activity of isolated
culture; 2) production of solid carrier for biocatalyst which can concen-
trate near gas-liquid interface; 3) production of biocatalyst for glucose
oxidation by physical immobilization of GOD producing microorganisms
on synthesized solid carrier and studying activity of the biocatalyst;
6
4) production of catalysts for glucose oxidation which are able to concen-
trate near gas-liquid interface, study of their catalytic activity; 5) com-
parative evaluation of the catalysts for biochemical and chemical oxida-
tion of glucose to gluconic acid.
A culture of GOD producing microorganisms was isolated. The cul-
ture was identified as fungi Aspergillus sp. A study of growth kinetics of
the isolated culture was carried out. It was shown that the highest specific
growth rate is observed at glucose concentration of 15 g/l. It was found
that GOD is located inside the cells of isolated culture.
Catalysts for chemical glucose oxidation which are able to concen-
trate near gas-liquid interface were obtained by chemical modification
(treatment by ATCS with alkyl radicals C -C ) of catalyst Pd/Al O
1 8 2 3
(Sigma-Aldrich, Germany). It was shown that activity of these catalysts
depended on the length of alkyl radical attached to its surface (Table 1).

Table 1
Influence of surface alkyl radical length on catalyst activity
(stirring rate 100 s–1, catalyst concentration 1 g/l, concentration
of ATCS in solution for modification 0.1 vol. %)

Catalyst (ATCS used for modification) R·106, R/R
0
μmole/(l·s)
С -Pd/Al O (methyltrichlorosilane) 1.828 2.3
1 2 3
С -Pd/Al O (butyltrichlorosilane) 1.241 1.6
4 2 3
С -Pd/Al O (octyltrichlorosilane) 0745 0.9
8 2 3
Initial unmodified catalyst Pd/Al O 0.786 1.0
2 3
Note: R, R – rates of glucose oxidation in the presence of the modified and un-
0
modified catalyst respectively.

It can be seen (Table 1) that catalyst С -Pd/Al O is the most effec-
1 2 3
tive for glucose oxidation. The study of influence of methyltrichlorosi-
lane concentration in solution for modification on catalyst activity was
carried out (Table 2).

7
Table 2
Influence of methyltrichlorosilane concentration in solution
for modification on catalyst activity (stirring rate 100 s–1,
catalyst concentration 1 g/l)

Methyltrichlorosilane concentration in solution R·106,
for modification, % vol. μmole/(l·s)
0.1 1.828
0.3 2.620
0.5 0.470
0.7 0.437
1.0 0.373

The data (Table 2) show that optimal concentration of methyltri-
chlorosilane in chloroform solution is 0.3 % vol.

УДК 544
N.S. Voronina, I.A. Permyakova, V.V. Vol’khin

DEVELOPMENT OF THE STAGE OF ESTERIFICATION
OF WASTE VEGETABLE OILS TO CREATE LOW-WASTE
TECHNOLOGY OF SECOND GENERATION BIODIESEL

Perm National Research Polytechnic University

Biodiesel fuel production is one of the most promising areas of bio-
technology investigation because it is produced from renewable sources
such as vegetable oils and animal fats.
The use of pure oils for biofuel production is inexpedient because
oils are food products. Therefore, it is necessary to find an alternative
feedstock. Using non-conditioned oils as a raw material for biodiesel is
one of feasible ways because these oils are unsuitable for further applica-
tion for food purposes (for example, used frying oils or ones beyond their
shelf life).
8
Using recycled raw materials for biodiesel production one-stage tech-
nology is difficult because fatty acids saponification takes place, leading to
the formation of stable emulsions. In this work a two-stage technology is
considered: in the first stage there is an esterification reaction of free fatty ac-
ids, and in the second stage oil interesterification occurs. The products of
these two stages are esters of fatty acids, i.e. biodiesel.
The limiting stage of a two-phase process is esterification of fatty
acids. In this work we study the preliminary extraction of fatty acids from
the oil. The end product of the extraction process is pure oil. In this form
it can be used directly in the reaction, and extracted fatty acids can be
subjected to esterification.
The process of obtaining biodiesel from vegetable oils has a perma-
nent waste. One of the major byproducts of this process is glycerol. Cur-
rently, there is an overproduction of glycerol. Therefore, it is needed to
convert glycerol into other marketable products. This approach would
make the technology of biodiesel production low-waste. For these pur-
poses this work considers a possibility of transforming glycerol by means
of biotechnology using the yeast of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Experi-
ments of the kind are in progress.

УДК 543.86

A.A. Rukavitsyna, A.V. Bazhutin, L.D. Asnin

DETERMINATION OF PHENYLALANINE ENANTIOMERS
IN CELL CULTURE MEDIUM BY HIGH PERFORMANCE
LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

Perm National Research Polytechnic University

Amino acids are present in nature in the form of two optical iso-
mers, L- and D-enantiomers. For a long time it has been considered that
all living organisms contain and use in their vital activity only L-amino
9
acids, biological functions of D-amino acids have not been studied. Sub-
sequently it was shown that D-amino acids are part of some proteins and
metabolized by microorganisms. When studying such processes, a prob-
lem of measuring concentration of amino acid enantiomers in biological
samples arises*.
The present work is devoted to the solution of this task by example
of the determination of phenylalanine enantiomers in cell culture medium
by high performance liquid chromatography. Issues of organizing a bio-
chemical experiment and further sample preparation are discussed. It is
shown that autoclave processing of solutions of enantiomerically pure
phenylalanine in the Raymond nutrient medium does not lead to racemi-
zation of the enantiomer, which makes it possible to include phenyla-
lanine enantiomers to cultivation process under sterile conditions.
The procedure of the analysis includes separation of the enanti-
omers on the Shimadzu LC-20XR chromatograph with an UV-detector
on the Nautilus-E chiral column (4.6 mm×250 mm) at the temperature
of 25 °C. An acetate buffer solution (pH = 5.2) prepared in a mixed
solvent water-methanol (60:40, v/v) was used as a mobile phase. The
mobile phase was modified by addition of a complexing agent (0.001
N EDTA) in order to mask heavy metals contained in the nutrient me-
dium. Under these conditions, the enantiomers were separated com-
pletely, with symmetrical peaks. A detector wavelength of 254 nm
was chosen for quantitative analysis, because the calibration curve
was linear under these conditions.

* Corrigan J.J. D-Amino acids in animals // Science. – 1969. – Vol. 164. –
P. 142–149.
10