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2013 Abstract Book.pdf - American Industrial Hygiene Association PDF

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PLUS Stewardship 2013! CO-SPONSORED BY AIHA® & ACGIH® the art + science of professional judgment ABSTRACTS The Premier Conference & Exposition for OEHS Professionals MAY 18–23 MONTREAL AIHce2013.ORG 2013 AIHce Abstracts ~Montreal, Quebec~ May 18-23, 2013 1 AIHA®: The viewpoints, opinions, and conclusions in t he presentations, sessions, and discussions at AIHce have not necessarily been approved or endors ed by AIHA® or ACGIH® and do not necessarily reflect those of AIHA® or ACGIH®. NIOSH: The findinds and conclusions in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health presentations have nnot been formally disseminated by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and should not be construed to represen t any agency determination or policy. Podium Session 101 work being performed, and 7. Operations Sustaining a Management System authorization. Monday, May 20, 2013, 10:00 AM 12:30 Results: DOE published Department of Energy PM Acquisition Regulations and internal policies, ‒ requirements, and guidance that established CS-101-01 a system that integrates safety into all aspects The Department of Energy's Integrated Safety of management. The resultant balancing of Management System safety and productivity has enhanced both. D. Weitzman, U.S. Department of Energy, Lessons Learned: Accomplishing an Washington, D.C. organization’s mission and protecting workers Situation/Problem: The Atomic Energy Act are best achieved by integrating safety into all provided the Atomic Energy Commission (the management levels. Strong management predecessor to the current Department of commitment to ISM policies and procedures, Energy (DOE)) with the authority to regulate formal ISM system documentation, and worker protection at its government owned- regular reviews and updates are needed to contractor-operated facilities. DOE retains ensure effective implementation. their authority to “self-regulate” worker protection after the passing of the 1970 OSH CS-101-02 Act which included a provision for Federal Developing Effective EHS Leading Objectives agencies to retain this authority. The DOE and D. Downs, EHS Management Partners, LLC, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (an Shorewood, MN. independent executive branch entity that Situation/Problem: Much attention has been performs oversight of safety in DOE’s nuclear paid to the concept of developing leading facilities) in the late 1990s identified indicators as part of our professional business opportunities to enhance the management of planning process. The disadvantages of DOE’s worker protection by instituting an managing using only lagging indicators are Integrated Safety Management (ISM) system. well known. The challenge has been how to Resolution: DOE committed to establish and develop effective leading indicators that are implement an integrated safety management both meaningful and effective. In fact, many system that is based upon 5 core functions professions have suggested lists of leading and 7 guiding principles. The core functions indicators that can or should be used in are: 1. Define the scope of work; 2. Analyze program planning. the hazards; 3. Develop and implement Resolution: We begin from the premise that hazard controls; 4. Perform work within there is no such thing as a list of good leading controls; 5. Provide feedback and continuous indicators. Precise definitions of the terms improvement. The seven guiding principles objective (which is synonymous with are: 1. Line management responsibility for indicator), lagging objective, leading objective, safety; 2. Clear roles and responsibilities; 3. and metric are offered. We propose that that Competence commensurate with leading objectives can only be constructed in responsibilities; 4. Balanced priorities; 5. the context of appropriately defined lagging Identification of safety standards and objectives, which represent statements of a requirements; 6. Hazard controls tailored to future desired performance status. On that 2013 AIHce Abstracts ~Montreal, Quebec~ May 18-23, 2013 2 basis, a leading objective is a desired state of CS-101-04 performance that will directly contribute to the Managing Occupational Health and Hygiene achievement of a leading objective. The actual through a Matrix Organization management challenge is to choose the right M. Karr, Shell Oil Company, Deer Park, TX. lagging objectives – those that will help to Situation/Problem: Some of the challenges of achieve the organization’s mission and vision. providing occupational health and hygiene The right lagging objectives for the EHS solutions for a large corporation are explored, function are based on first understanding and with a focus on industrial hygiene. In North prioritizing the underlying business objectives and South America, Shell operates a diverse of the organization, identifying and quantifying number of businesses in their integrated oil, the EHS risks challenging the organization, gas and petrochemical company. Regulatory and then assessing the relationship of those and cultural differences must be bridged risks to the achievement of business across 5 countries in Latin America, the U.S., objectives. and the 14 provinces in Canada, all which Results: Using the identified lagging indicators have local, state, and national regulations. as a starting point, we then demonstrate how Diversity of businesses operated includes to use a strategy map process based on exploration and production of oil and gas, Balanced Scorecard principles to identify the onshore and offshore, petroleum refining and leading objectives necessary to achieve the petrochemicals, lubricants, pipelines and lagging objective. distribution, retail, other specialized Lessons Learned: Leading indicators are only businesses, and a large projects and meaningful if they help achievement of the technology center. "right" lagging indicators. Resolution: Global corporate standards with a joined up between occupational health and CS-101-03 hygiene help create the foundation for Shell’s Kicking the Tires on MS Quality in Three approach. Health Risk Assessments are Different Industries required for all operations. Exposure T. Rancour, Rancour & Associates, LLC, measurements performed as a follow up then Northville, MI; B. Russell, Systems Approach, feed into the requirements for medical LLC, Simsbury, CT. surveillance. Situation/Problem: The understanding and Results: The joined up approach with implementation of a company Health and occupational medicine facilitates a better Safety Management System (HSMS) can understanding of operational issues by the deteriorate over time, leading to escapes in physician, and improved understanding of risk management, compliance and practice of impacts on health outcomes on the part of the company vision and values. hygienist. The ability to focus on workplace Resolution: An approach for expert hazards in addition to overall employee health assessment of how well the HSMS is working is also enhanced. To deliver health solutions is discussed. Examples from three different to the businesses, a matrix organization is industries are shared. used. The matrix allows occupational Results: Improved sustainability of the HSMS physicians and hygienists to perform a core was achieved, including clarification of HSMS job for a location or business, hold a roles and responsibilities, goal alignment, and secondary assignment, and also serve as targeting the critical few actions needed for subject matter expert for a key risk topic. improvement. Lessons Learned: Some of the important Lessons Learned: Periodic expert challenges for the lead industrial hygienist are assessments of the HSMS across all levels of setting priorities for the region, using KPI’s to the organization are essential for sustaining measure progress, promoting professional effectiveness. development, and providing quality assurance. 2013 AIHce Abstracts ~Montreal, Quebec~ May 18-23, 2013 3 CS-101-05 isolated remediation fundamentally alter Annual Management System Review fungal populations, such that indoor/outdoor K. Dotson, DOTSON Group, LLC, Los Altos comparisons might be too simplistic. Hills, CA. Resolution: Air sampling, if indicated by Situation/Problem: Senior Management professional judgment for post-remediation involvement in the Occupational Health and verification, should be used with Safety Management System is crucial for long circumspection. Procedural protocols can also term success. ensure effective mold abatement. Resolution: The process contained within the Results: Indoor viable fungal concentrations ANSI/AIHA® Z10 Occupational Health and associated with air scrubbing ranged from 50 Safety Management System Standard to 440 cfu/m3, GM 160 cfu/m3 and GSD 2.0. provides for such involvement by Senior Where outdoor infiltration is minimized, fungal Management of an organization. populations in contemporaneous indoor and Results: The process contributes to the outdoor air samples after remediation show sustainability of the organizational little similarity. Typically, Cladosporium Occupational Health and Safety Management predominates outdoors and Penicillium System and enhances the probability of the indoors. System in meeting the intended Health and Lessons Learned: Although outdoor infiltration Safety goals of the organization. is often a major contributor to indoor fungal Lessons Learned: The process is a key populations, biodiversity inside isolated element of the ANSI/AIHA® Z10 Occupational remediated areas is largely dependent on Health and Safety Management System atypical conditions of fungal growth, and of process, and should be implemented in a subsequent tear-out. Where remediation thoughtful manner consistent with the includes HEPA air filtration during and organizational culture and in synchronicity following abatement, indoor fungal levels in with budgeting and other major organizational the absence of infiltration are predictably low systems and processes. and using outdoor air as a fundamental reference is generally unnecessary. The presumption that conditions in effectively Podium Session 102 remediated areas must necessarily be Biosafety and Environmental comparable to those in non-complaint Microbiology I buildings and also in the natural outdoor Monday, May 20, 2013, 10:30 AM 12:30 environment is questionable, discouraging PM extensive air sampling and associated ‒ speciation. CS-102-01 Indoor/Outdoor Fungal Comparisons in SR-102-02 Isolated Remediation Five Year Analysis of Outdoor Mold Spore E. Sullivan, E.A. Sullivan & Associates, London, Concentrations across Canada and ON, Canada; R. Hussain, IHEAS Inc., London, Implications for IAQ Investigations ON, Canada. R. Dulymamode, B. Stewart, Pinchin Situation/Problem: Because of a strong Environmental Ltd., Mississauga, ON, Canada. correlation between indoor and outdoor fungal Objective: This study was carried to estimate concentrations and biodiversities over time, the variability of outdoor mold spore outdoor air samples are viewed as forming the concentrations across Canada in order to basis for the interpretation of indoor samples, assist in the interpretation of indoor mold in discriminating between normal and atypical spore data obtained in IAQ investigations. buildings. It is becoming common practice to Methods: A statistical analysis of over 15,000 use such data as criteria for validation of outdoor air samples data for 12 regions satisfactory mold abatement. However, tear- across Canada was performed. These out and the use of HEPA air scrubbing during 2013 AIHce Abstracts ~Montreal, Quebec~ May 18-23, 2013 4 samples were analyzed in our commercial and Rapid L mono) for counting, and laboratory. presumptive identification of pathogenic Results: We have produced monthly mold bacteria. Suspect colonies were isolated on to spore charts for the 12 regions presenting the Tryptic Soy Agar to obtain pure cultures, gram following statistical parameters for each mold stained and ribotyped with the DuPont taxon recorded: frequency percentage, Qualicon Microbial Characterization System. minimum, maximum, and 5th, 50th and 95th Results: The NIOSH BC-251 samplers had a percentiles. The mold spores are more significant reduction in evaporation losses in abundant in spring, summer and fall. comparison to the SKC biosamplers. Viable Cladosporium is the most frequently and culturable bacteria, in particular gram- encountered genus in all the regions studied negative speces, were collected by both along with non-specified ascospores and non- samplers and included; Escherichia coli, specified basidiospores. Other taxa are rarely Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Citrobacter found and at much lower concentrations. ferundii, Enterobacter sp. and Pseudomonas Conclusions: Spores of Stachybotrys and sp. E. coli 0157:H7, Salmonella sp. or Listeria Chaetomium are very rarely found, in only monocytogenes where not detected in either 1 2% of the samples, at very low the air or swab samples. concentrations in outdoor air samples in Conclusions: The NIOSH BC-251 sampler is a Ca‒nada, and for that reason, when found portable, durable and discrete bioaerosol indoors, may be reliable indicators of indoor sampler which could make an ideal mold growth. replacement for glass impingers in food production facilities where broken glass can SR-102-03 present a significant hazard for food safety. Evaluation of the NIOSH BC-251 Personal Research is underway to assess any variation Bioaerosol Sampler for Sampling Viable and in the particle collection efficiency of the BC- Culturable Pathogenic Bacteria 251 from the addition of a liquid into the M. Davidson, L. Goodridge, B. Bisha, S. sampling system. Reynolds, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. CS-102-04 Objective: Evaluation of the NIOSH BC-251 Moisture Variation in Walls and Interiors personal bioaerosol sampler for the collection Floors of a Bungalow All Year Long (Moisture of viable and culturable pathogenic bacteria in Related to Molds) liquid. M. Legris, Department of Public Health / Methods: The NIOSH BC-251 sampler was Agence de la sante et des services sociaux de loaded with 7mL of resuscitation buffer la Capitale-Nationale,, Quebec, QC, Canada. (polyethylene glycol 8000, peptone and Tween Situation/Problem: Visual inspection is the 20) in the 15 mL centrifuge tube; 1mL of main approach in case of molds. To facilitate resuscitation buffer in the 1.5 mL centrifuge this visual inspection, a digital moisture meter tube; and a gelatin filter in the 37 mm filter for wood and building material is used to cassette. The SKC Biosamplers were filled determinate if the wall, the floor or any other with 20 mL of resuscitation buffer. Duplicate structure contain enough water to support samples were collected over a 4 hour period molds proliferation or to determinate the with both samplers in 4 dairies between June degradation of wet material. and August 2012. Swab samples were also Resolution: In a bungalow (single family collected from the hygiene station, housing) that didn’t have any previous water disinfectant barrell (center aisle) and the infiltration and no excessive humidity problem, parlor wall directly underneath milking stalls the presenters followed over a year period the at each dairy. Samples and media were moisture of some structures like gypsum transported on ice. 100uL aliquots of samples board (drywall), plywood layers for floors and and/or sample dilutions were inoculated onto carpets. This follow-up was done for the chromogenic agar (E. coli 0157, Salmonella basement and the ground floors. At the same 2013 AIHce Abstracts ~Montreal, Quebec~ May 18-23, 2013 5 time, relative humidity of ambient air near the Resolution: A hazardous drug wipe sampling structure was checked. In Quebec province, study was undertaken in the new pharmacy summers are warm and humid in comparison department and select patient care locations to winter that is cold and dry. What are the located in DFCI’s new Yawkey Center for impacts of those variations on the moisture? Cancer Care. The first sampling event Results: For any types of materials (gypsum occurred while the building was chemo-naive, board, plywood layers, carpet), the moisture followed by 3 further sampling events at 100, level registered may double in relation to 280, and 465 days after hazardous drugs relative humidity and the seasons. In winter, were introduced into and used in the building. when relative humidity is low, walls and The purpose of this study was to identify and structures doesn’t contain a lot of water (5% track the level of hazardous drug to 12%). Summer is a humid season and the environmental contamination within select humidity rate is normally high. In fact, walls areas of the new pharmacy and patient care and structures contain a lot of water (10 to areas over a one year period of time. 17%). Results: Sampling was conducted for the Lessons Learned: The digital moisture meter following drugs: 5-Fluorouracil, tester is an interesting instrument to use Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, Paclitaxel. when doing visual inspection. It is used to All pharmacy and nursing personnel adhered determinate the presence of some conditions to DFCI Safe Drug Handling and that bring mold proliferation. However, it’s Administration policies and procedures. The important to be careful in the data sampling locations were routinely cleaned and interpretation because the moisture in walls disinfected according to DFCI Environmental and structures varies with seasons and Health and Safety policies and procedures. relative humidity of ambient air. Over 500 wipe samples were taken over a period of 1 year plus 100 days. The presented results will be trended and evaluated. Podium Session 103 Lessons Learned: DFCI is using these results Health Care I: Hazardous Drug Wipe to change practice, emphasis NIOSH Testing and Biological Monitoring guidelines, determine biosampling of staff and Selected Infection Control needs and focus on areas where Issues decontamination as well as disinfection needs Monday, May 20, 2013, 10:30 AM 12:30 to occur. PM ‒ SR-103-02 CS-103-01 Urinary Contamination of Healthcare Workers Hazardous Drugs Wipe Sampling Study in a to Antineoplastic Drugs throughout the Entire Chemo-Naive Building Hospital Medication Circuit M. McCullough, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, C. Hon, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Boston, MA. Canada; K. Teschke, W. Chu, University of Situation/Problem: Over the last 20 years, British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; P. several studies have been published Demers, Ontario Cancer Research Centre, demonstrating environmental contamination Toronto, ON, Canada; S. Venners, Simon of various compounding and support work Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada. areas with antineoplastic drugs in hospital Objective: To quantify the levels of pharmacies. In addition, several studies have cyclophosphamide (CP) and its metabolites in shown that antineoplastic drugs are the urine of healthcare workers identified as inadvertently absorbed by healthcare workers being part of the hospital medication circuit. through environmental exposure as Methods: Subjects were recruited from six determined by the presence of the parent facilities within Metro Vancouver. Workers compound and/or its metabolite(s) in their previously identified as being involved with the urine. hospital medication circuit were asked to 2013 AIHce Abstracts ~Montreal, Quebec~ May 18-23, 2013 6 provide 24-hr urine samples. Three workers been introduced into the marketplace for from each of the eight potentially-exposed job reprocessing ultrasound probes and flexible categories were selected. One non-hospital endoscopes in healthcare industries. control subject was recruited for every 10 Currently, the NIOSH Manual of Analytical study participants. Duplicate urine samples Methods does not list a method for hydrogen were collected from most participants with at peroxide, and the OSHA methods are fritted least 3 weeks’ lag between collection times. midget impinger methods. While impingers Samples were analyzed for CP and three of its are seldom used in industrial hygiene field metabolites by high-performance liquid- surveys today, these impinger methods are chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry. more onerous for the employees because of The sum of the molar concentrations of all their strongly acidic collection solution. analytes was calculated and results were Resolution: This paper presents a case study reported in nanomol per litre (nmol/L). to determine an acceptable alternative Results: A total of 223 urine samples were method. Impingers, passive diffusion badges collected (115 participants with 108 providing and colorimetric indicator tubes were used a second sample). The mean urinary CP side by side in field surveys during the concentration of study participants was 17.4 disinfection of ultrasound probes with an nmol/L, the GM 4.16 nmol/L, and the GSD automated high level disinfectant unit, and 3.60, with a range from 0.1 to 839 nmol/L. during the disinfection of endoscopes in These values were all greater than the automated endoscope reprocessors. corresponding values from non-hospital Results: The results of each method are controls. Furthermore, a histogram of urinary presented, and the advantages of each contamination levels of the two cohorts method are compared. demonstrates that healthcare workers have Lessons Learned: In our surveys, the passive more opportunity for higher exposure than diffusion badge sampling and the colorimetric controls. Of the job categories examined, indicator tube methods were found to be pharmacy receivers (individuals responsible adequate to monitor hydrogen peroxide for ordering and stocking of drugs) had the exposure relative to the OSHA regulatory level. highest mean contamination level; one of whom had the highest maximum reported CS-103-03 exposure. Do Antimicrobial Fabrics Decrease Infections? Conclusions: Healthcare workers involved with P. Luebbert, Healthcare Interventions, Omaha, the hospital medication circuit are at risk of NE. exposure to antineoplastic drugs. The average Situation/Problem: In planning for building of urinary CP contamination level in the study new hospitals, the need to minimize use of represents a slight increase in the lifetime hazardous chemicals including disinfectants cancer risk of the exposed population. These was investigated. Obvious solutions were results suggest that additional control available for hard surfaces. However few measures are necessary, especially in areas products were obvious for soft surface textiles beyond drug preparation and drug (uniforms, lab coats, patient gowns). Fabrics administration, to minimize the exposure have been shown to act as “fomites” where potential. organisms can grow and multiple. To safely protect our laboratorians and direct patient CS-103-03 care givers, we pursued the possibility of using A Comparison of Monitoring Methods for antimicrobial fabrics. Hydrogen Peroxide during High Level Resolution: Published literature was reviewed Disinfection and it was found in over thirty studies that W. Xu, E. Stewart, Kaiser Permanente, demonstrated that fabrics do quickly become Pasadena, CA. contaminated with pathogenic bacteria, allow Situation/Problem: Recently hydrogen- the bacteria to grow and multiple and cross peroxide-based high-level disinfectants have contaminate other surfaces. However, very 2013 AIHce Abstracts ~Montreal, Quebec~ May 18-23, 2013 7 few recent healthcare standards and mercury vapor. This case study describes the guidelines to address these concerns were efforts made to identify Agency and contractor found. A few fabrics that are manufactured employees potentially exposed to mercury and promoted as antimicrobial products were vapor and address their concerns, including discovered. All have been shown to be the exposure potential for members of their effective in decreasing bacteria in fields other families. than healthcare including the military, NASA Resolution: This case study underscores the space travel, mining and athletics. need to quickly identify potential hazards and Results: Discussions with manufacturers of take the steps necessary to effectively these products were conducted to promote communicate those hazards to affected their use in the healthcare arena. Concerns personnel. The Agency immediately notified were presented at textile and healthcare contractor management and provided national conferences to make stakeholders guidance on the handling of work clothes and aware of the possible need for antimicrobial medical surveillance recommendations; imbedded products in healthcare soft surface conducted mercury awareness training textiles. sessions for all levels of workers; interviewed Lessons Learned: Soft surface textiles contractor and Agency employees; evaluated obviously should be considered “fomites” in vehicles for the presence of elemental the transmission of pathogenic bacteria in the mercury and offered to evaluate worker laboratory and other healthcare arenas. Yet residences. Data were collected using direct these surfaces have been ignored in current reading instruments and the results healthcare guidelines and standards. No communicated to contractor representatives fabrics, to date, are approved by EPA to during daily morning and afternoon meetings. decrease the transmission of bacteria thereby Results: The open communication practices minimizing infections. Manufacturers and established early in this effort fostered an infection preventionists need to do more field atmosphere of trust among those workers research to show the antimicrobial potentially exposed to elevated levels of effectiveness of these products in order to mercury vapor. During the interviews, workers motivate the regulatory agencies to set frequently remarked that the flow of standards to protect workers and patients. information and the steps taken by the Agency and contractor management to ensure that workers understood potential risks was Podium Session 104 appreciated and reduced personal anxiety Laboratory Health and Safety: about their safety and the health and safety of Current Topics family members. Monday, May 20, 2013, 10:30 AM 12:30 Lessons Learned: The presentation will PM emphasize the importance of establishing a ‒ transparent communication plan early-on CS-104-01 when responding to a hazardous material Mercury: Where did it Come from and Where spill. This approach demonstrated that worker did it Go? safety and health was the highest priority in G. Moore, Architect of the Capitol, the response effort. Washington, D.C. Situation/Problem: The U.S. Capitol Power SR-401-02 Plant is over 100 years old. Many operations Filtration Efficiency of Yellow Sand Mask, in the plant rely on mechanical system Surgical Mask, and Handkerchief monitoring equipment that contains elemental C. Yoon, H. Jung, J. Kim, J. Lee, J. Kim, mercury. Demolition activities, including torch- Institute of Health and Environment, School of cutting of refrigeration lines, resulted in the Public Health, Seoul National University, spill of an unknown quantity of elemental Seoul, Republic of Korea; S. Lee, APAC mercury. Demolition contractor employees were potentially exposed to elevated levels of 2013 AIHce Abstracts ~Montreal, Quebec~ May 18-23, 2013 8 Laboratory, 3M Korea, Seoul, Republic of CS-104-03 Korea. The Development of an EHS Database Objective: The purposes of this study was to Program evaluate the filtration efficiency and pressure M. Markopoulos, Wright State University, drop of surgical masks, yellow sand masks, Dayton, OH. influenza masks and quarantine masks and to Situation/Problem: Data management for compare the test results using NIOSH and EU environmental health and safety management protocols. is essential for effective program Methods: A total of 44 brands of masks and administration. Hazardous materials handkerchief were evaluated and after inventories and training documentation were consultation with several health care workers, becoming unmanageable and time- 4 surgical masks representative of those used consuming. A variety of different lists and in hospitals and 3 dental masks used in programs were used to compile reports for dental clinics were selected. Both NIOSH and review. A purchased program would help, but EU protocols were used, which was originally finances were limited. A custom, in-house set for respirators worn by workers not for database would increase accuracy, efficiency, masks. 6 samples of each model, 3 for NIOSH and productivity. method and 3 for EU method, were tested. Resolution: The development of an in-house, Results: A wide variation of penetration and on-line database system that used open pressure drop was observed by mask types. source programs was developed to address Overall mean of penetration and pressure the reporting needs for training and hazardous drop of all tested masks using NIOSH protocol materials inventory. The combination of a was 45.01 (SD 40.69) %, 9.12 (SD 6.18) mm variety of Excel lists and Access database H O, respectively while those are 41.75 (SD information yielded an effective SQL database 2 38.98) %, 9.85 (SD 6.11) mm H O, with a user-friendly interface. 2 respectively with EU Protocol. There was no Results: The customized web-based database significant difference in penetration and was developed and implemented. Each pressure drop between NIOSH and EU person owned laboratories, maintained protocols when challenged with NaCl aerosol hazardous materials inventories, supervised (for penetration, p=0.66, for pressure drop, p= personnel, and required training. The 0.53). elimination of a variety of systems into one Conclusions: It was found that all of tested centralized system eliminated the redundancy influenza masks and quarantine masks and increased productivity. Additional features satisfied the maximum penetration criteria of included customized reports, training 6% (KF 94). Seven brands out of 9 yellow certificate generation, and email notifications. sand masks for adults and 4 brands out of 9 The data is easier to maintain and collect and for children satisfied the maximum management enjoys the customized features. penetration criteria of 20% (KF 80). Lessons Learned: The development of a Penetration value of most surgical masks and customized database requires time, some dental masks were over 20%. General masks programming skills, and resources. Keeping and handkerchiefs have no protection the project to a manageable level and staying function. It is necessary to study and discuss focused on the desired outcome were crucial the criteria for the mask which level is to successful implementation. appropriate to reduce the risk for citizens and to prepare exact guidelines for how and why to CS-104-04 wear masks. Of Mice and Men: Improving Employee Health and Safety in Laboratory Animal Facilities N. Greeson, E. King, Duke University, Durham, NC. Situation/Problem: Laboratory animal facilities involve potential exposure to a variety of 2013 AIHce Abstracts ~Montreal, Quebec~ May 18-23, 2013 9 hazards including animal bites/scratches, Podium Session 105 allergens, chemicals, biohazards, Nanotechnology I lifting/pushing/pulling, repetitive motion, Monday, May 20, 2013, 10:30 AM 12:30 noise, slip/trip/fall hazards, and hot/humid PM environments. Consequently, animal facilities ‒ traditionally have some of the highest SR-105-01 employee injury rates within institutions. This WITHDRAWN: Exposure Properties of was true at Duke University, where high lab Nanoparticles for the Semiconductor animal/care staff injury rates and poor morale Manufacturing Industry prompted re-evaluation of practices, K. Choi, J. Kim, J. Park, K. Kim, Samsung equipment, and training to create a safer work Electronics, Yongin-City, Republic of Korea; D. environment and work culture. Woo, J. Jung, G. Bae, Korea Institute of Resolution: Animal care staff, animal care Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of management, and occupational health and Korea; S. Kim, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, safety staff created a lasting partnership that Seoul, Republic of Korea. has resulted in significant reductions in injury/illness rates and improved morale. This CS-105-02 has been accomplished through a multi- Nickel Titanium Nanoparticles Generated by faceted approach including: establishment of Femto-second Laser Ablation an effective safety committee, provision of C. Beaucham, K. Martinez, NIOSH, Cincinnati, various means for communicating concerns OH. and actions taken, creation of an audit Situation/Problem: NIOSH received a request process to identify hazards, implementation of from management to participate in a field solutions to identified risks and hazards, research study designed to evaluate the including significant equipment upgrades, and emission of Nickel Titanium alloy incidental administrative changes such as a dedicated nanoparticles during femto-second laser maintenance employee. ablation. NIOSH was asked to evaluate the Results: The OSHA recordable injury/illness task and the effectiveness of engineering rate amongst this group dropped from a high controls and worker practices in controlling of 44.55 per 100 Full-Time Equivalents (FTEs) nanoaersol emissions. in 2007 to a low of 13.38 per 100 FTEs in Resolution: Two femto-lasers and one laser 2011. The more serious injury/illness rate operator were observed during the processing involving days away from work, job restriction, of Nickel Titanium rods. The air and surfaces or job transfer decreased from a high of 26.13 were sampled for Nickel and Titanium using per 100 FTEs in 2007 to 3.89 per 100 FTEs in elemental analytical methods. In addition, 2011. The safety committee is still vibrant samples to be analyzed using transmission after almost five years. Continuous electron microscopy and utilized direct improvement efforts are ongoing related to reading instruments were collected to the health and safety of staff working in lab evaluate the local exhaust ventilation system animal facilities. in the laser rooms. Lessons Learned: Employee and management Results: Femto-laser ablation consists of ultra- buy-in and support are critical components in short and ultra-high energy pulses which lead achieving and sustaining health and safety to plasma plumes and nano-sized debris with improvements for employees in the lab animal the same chemical make-up as the parent care environment. Accomplishing small material. NiTi alloy nanoparticles were improvements by addressing low hanging fruit detected in the personal and area air can help to build trust and momentum for samples. However, OELs do not exist for these tackling larger scale improvements. nanoparticles, due to toxicological uncertainty the OEL for Nickel (REL of 0.015 mg/m3) was used as a benchmark. Surface levels also yielded detectable results of Nickel and 2013 AIHce Abstracts ~Montreal, Quebec~ May 18-23, 2013 10

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May 20, 2013 and Selected Infection Control. Issues. Monday, May 20, 2013, 10:30 AM ‒ 12:30 . PM. CS-103-01. Hazardous Drugs Wipe Sampling Study in a.
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