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A¬am-b-thZn AJne ae-¶c Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv A¬am-b-thZnbpsS apJ-]{Xw ]. ImtXm-en°m _mhm-amcpsS kwbp‡ Hm¿Ω-s∏-cp-∂mƒ kπn-sa‚v 2007 P\p-hcn 2˛3 t]Pv 2 bpK-{]-`m-h-∑m-cmb _mhm-am¿ apJ-te-J\w tZhtemIsØ ssZh-tem-I-am-°nb ]nXm-°-∑m¿ sI. hn. G{_-lmw, sImSp-hØv tIm´bw \Kc- Ø- ns‚ A[nI- a- mc- mepw {i≤n°- s- ∏S- mX- nc- p∂ Hcp {]m¥{]tZi- a- mb tZht- emIw P\- 1912-˛¬ kzX-{¥-amb ae-¶-c-k-`-bpsS dn∏- Db¿®-bpw hf¿®-bp-amWv k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cpsS {i≤- b- mI- ¿jn°- ph- m≥ XpSß- nb- Xv ]uckvXy ImtXmen°mb- ps- Sbpw ae¶- c sa{Xmt- ∏me- oØ- mb- ps- Sbpw ªn°v h¿j-amWv 1934. ae-¶-c-k-`-bpsS Ncn-{X- Db ¿®bpw hf¿®-bp-sa∂v Ch¿ Icp-Xn-t∏m-∂p. B-ÿm\w B {]tZ-iØv h∂p `hn-®-Xn-\m-em-Wv. sI. kn. amΩ≥am-∏n-f-bp-sSbpw At±-l-tØm-sSm∏w Ønse \n¿Æm-b-I-amb Cu c≠p kw`-h-ßfpw kzm ¿∞-e-£y-ßƒ°p th≠n k`sb D]-tbm- tXmtfmSptXmƒ tN¿∂p {]h¿Øn® alm-\p-`-h-∑m-cmb Fw. kn. amXyp amfntb-°¬, sI. ôen-t∏mkv AXn-Xo£vW-amb k`m `n∂n-∏ns‚ A¥-co-£- Kn-°p-hm ≥ e£y-an-Sp-∂-hsc Xncn-®-dn-bp-hm-\p≈ IØ\- m¿ (]n∂- oSv ôent- ∏mkv am¿ sXtbm^- nt- emkv sa{Xmt- ∏me- oØ- m) FdnI- mSv C. sP. tPmk^v apX- Øn-emWv Ac-tß-dn-b-Xv. k`-bnse c≠p hn`m-K- hnthIw Ch¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tbmKy-∑m-cmb em-b-h-cpsS `mh-\, I¿Ω-Ip-i-e-X, [\w F∂n-h-bmWv Hcp k∂nKv≤ L´-Øn¬ Cu ÿew k`-°p- ß ƒ ]c-kv]cw \ymb-hm- sk{I-´-dn-amcpw Btem- th≠n kºmZ- n°- ph- m\- nS- b- m°- nb- X- v. Z-ßƒ Db¿Øn Xß-fpsS N\m kan-Xn-bp-am-bn-cp∂p F∂m¬ AhnSw ssZh-tem-I-ambn ]cn-W-an-®Xv AhnsS XpS¿®-bmbn alm-Xm-]-k-∑m-cm-b-h¿ \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ km[q-I-cn- Ch-cpsS Icp-Øv. A‘- °m≥ {ian-®p-h-∂p. kXyw ambn B scbpw hniz-kn- Xma-kn-°pIbpw I_-d-S-ßp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn-eqsSbmWv. ae-¶ck`-bpsS henb _mhm-bmb Koh¿- Pbn-°p-sa∂ \ne-]m-Sn¬ °p-Itbm Imcy-Im-cW Kokv ZznXo-b-\m-Wv AhnsS BZy-ambn Xma-kn® k`m-X-e-h≥. Xs‚ Kpcp-°-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂ ]. ]cp- Dd-®p-\n-∂ ssZh-P-\-Øn\v hnth-N\w IqSmsX ae Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS Xm]-k-Po-hn-Xhpw ]. h´-t»-cn¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS `c-W-]m-S-hhpw H∂p-tN¿∂ `mc-XØns‚ ]c-tam-∂X Bscbpw AI-‰p-Itbm Hcp A¤pX {]Xn-`m-k-am-bn-cp∂p henb _mhm. FtXym-]y≥ N{I-h¿Øn slbven kem-kn-bpsS \oXn-]o Tw 1958 epw 1995 sNbvX-h-c√ Cu ]nXm-°- kµ¿i\thf-bn¬ B c≠v alm-c-Y-∑m¿ XΩn-ep≈ kw`m-jWw AhnsS Zzn`m-jn-bmbn h¿Øn® epw ]n¥p-W-tb-In. Im ∑m¿. t]mƒ h¿§okv (]n-∂oSv ]utemkv am¿ {KotKm-dn-tbmkv sa{Xm-t∏m-eo-Øm) C{]-Imcw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn- tXm-en-t°-‰v -ÿm-]-\- Koh-dp-Kokv ZznXo-b≥ Øns‚ km[pX 1958-˛se _mhmbpw HutK≥ _mhm bn-cn-°p-∂p: hn[n-bnepw ae-¶ck`m`c- bpw amXyqkv {]Y-a≥ _m ""N{I-h¿Ønbpw ImtXm-en-°m-_m-hmbpw XΩn-ep-ff Hu]-Nm-cnI kw`m-jWw Xma-kn-bmsX Bcw- WL-S-\-bpsS km[pX hmbpw ]cmP- b- ß- sf [oc- `n-®p. AXp ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-ØpI Hcm-\-µ-am-bn-cp-∂p. ImtXm-en-°-m_mhm Cßs\ XpSßn: ""Xncp- 1995-˛se hn[n-bnepw kp ambn t\cn´ ]nXm-°-∑m-cm- ta\o, Cu ka-bØv Fs‚ hnIm-c-ßƒ Pdp-ktew tZhm-eb-Øn¬ tbipIp™ns\ kzmKXw sNbvX {]ow-tIm-SXn Dd-∏n-®p. Wv. kXyw Pbn-°p-sa∂v -hr-≤≥ inatbm-t‚Xp Xs∂-bm-Wv. \ΩpsS k`-I-fnse GI N{I-h¿Ønsb Fs‚ IÆp-Iƒ t\cn¬ k`m-`m-kp-c-\mb ]. Dd-∏mbn Ch¿ hniz-kn-®p. h´-t»-cn¬ Koh-dp-Kokv Cu hnImcw k`mw-K-ß-fn- I≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Ct∏m-sg-\n°p kam-[m-\-tØmsS acn-°mw.'' am¿ Zoh-∂m-tkym-kns\ te°v ]Ic- p∂- X- nepw Ch ""]cn-ip≤ ]nXm-th, Aß-sb-t∏m-semcp ]cn-ip-≤s‚ apJw Z¿in-°p-∂-Xn-e-[n-I-amb Fs¥mcp XpS¿∂v, kw`-h-_-lp-e- ¿ hnP-bn-®p. ]cm-P-b-ß- B\-µ-am-Wv cmPy-`-c-W-t¢-i-ßfm¬ ]cn-£o-W-\mb Hcp cmP-mhn\p In´p-hm-\p-f-fXv?'' Cu kw`m-jWw amb Cu Ime-L-´-ß-fn¬ fpsS aqe-tlXp F¥m- ]cn-ip≤ _t -en-tbmkv B c≠p alm-hy-‡n-I-tfm-Sp-ap-ff Fs‚ BZ-chp h¿≤n-∏n-®p.'' k`m-\u-Isb e£y-Øn- sW∂p kzbw Is≠Øm FUn≥_tdm-bn¬ \S∂ Uªyp. kn. kn. bpsS ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ G‰hpw {i≤ ]nSn®p]‰nb te°v \bn® ]nXm-°-∑m- Koh¿§okv ZznXo-b≥ _mhm \pw hne-bn-cp-Øp-hm\pw Ch¿°p km[n-®p. ]cm-P-bßfpsS DØ-c-hm- k`mtae-≤y-£≥ hntZi `mj-I-fn¬ henb ]mfin-Xy-an-√m-Ø, tIcfØn\p ]pdØv A{X-b-[nIw cmWv ]. _tk-en-tbmkv Koh-dp-Kokv ZznXo-b≥, ZnXzw a‰p-≈-h¿°pw hnP-b-ß-fpsS t\´-ßƒ bm{X sNbvXn-ń-√mØ ]. Koh¿§okv ZznXo-b≥ _mhm-bm-sW-∂Xv temI am[y-a-ßƒ A¤p-Xm-Z-c- HutK≥ {]Y-a≥, amXyqkv {]Y-a≥ F∂n-h¿. Xßƒ°pambn am‰n-b-h-c√ Cu ]nXm-°-∑m¿. AN©- e- a- mb ssZhm{-ib- hpw XnI ™ e£y- hp-I-tfm-sSbmWv t\m°n-°-≠-Xv. {_nójv cm⁄n-bmb Fen-k-t_Øv II hsc B B≤ym-flnI Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb P\m-[n-]Xy kwkvImcw ae- t_m-[-hp-am-bn-cp∂p k`m]nXm-°-∑msc `cn-®n-cp- ssNX-\ysØ Xe-h-Wßn \a-kvI-cn®Xpw Ncn-{X-Øns‚ `mK-am-Wv. tIkn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏´v Xe-°p- ¶ck`-bpsS hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn¬ \S-∏m-°p-∂- ∂-Xv. ""sNdnb Bń≥ Iq-´''sØ `b-ap-≈-h-cm-bn- ap-I-fn¬ taev°q-c-bn-√m-Ø-b-hÿ ap∂n¬ ImWp-tºmƒ CsXmcp ]cm-P-b-a√ F∂p ]d™v A\p- Xnepw AXn-\-\p-kr-X-ambn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xnepw cp-∂n√ ap≥]d™ k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿. i‡-amb N-c-∑m-cpsS Bfl-hocyw ]nSn®p\n¿Øn-bXpw AtX tIkns‚ A∏o-en¬ ]q¿Æ-hn-Pbw e`n-®- Xocp-am-\-ßƒ ssIs°m-≈p-Ibpw Ah \S-∏m- hnPb- n®- h- c- mWv Cu _mhma- m¿. P\m[- n]- X- yØ- ns‚ t]cn¬ {Kq∏p-Isf hf¿Øp-Ibpw t{]m’m-ln- t∏mƒ CsXmcp hnP-b-a√ F∂p ]d™v k`m-a-°-fpsS Aan-Xm-Àm-ZsØ \nb-{¥n-®Xpw Hcp bYm¿∞ °p-Ibpw sNbvX I¿Ω[oc-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p Ch¿. ∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ i‡n-Isf Is≠-Øm\pw tbmKn°v tNcp∂ \n w-K-X-tbm-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Pohn-®n-cp∂ ImeØp Xs∂ Aam-\pj kn≤n-I- bpK-{]-`m-h-∑m-cmbn k`mw-K-ß-fn¬ Cu _mhmam¿ Ah¿s°-Xnsc {]Xn-I-cn-°m\pw aSn ImWn-®n√ \ne-\n-ev°p-∂Xv C°m-c-W-Øm-em-Wv. fpsS hnf-\n-e-am-bn-cp∂p henb _mhm. B Ime-L-´-Ønepw Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS sNcp∏v \n¿Ωn®p Cu ]nXm-°-∑m¿. ]finX tIk-cn-Ifpw B≤ym C∂-sØ-t∏mse ]c-kv]-c-ap≈ Bi-b-hn-\n- \¬Ip∂ DΩ≥ F∂ sNcp∏p \n¿ΩmWsXmgn-em-fn-tbmSpw a‰-t\Iw km[m-c-W-°m-tcmSpw kvt\l- flnI cwK-ß-fn¬ hnfßn \n∂ tXtPm-a-bn-I-fp- ab kuI-cy-ßƒ Ffp-∏-a-√mXncp∂ Ime-Øn¬ hm-’-ey-ß-tfmsS h¿Øn® Ffn-a, Ahn-SsØ Kmwò-cy-Øn\v H´pw Ipdhp hcp-Øn-bn-cp-∂n-√. am-bn-cp∂p aq∂p _mhm-am-cpw. `mKy-I-c-amb Hcp {]K-¤cpw hnizÿ∑mcpw kXy-k-‘-cp-amb k`mw- Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m≠p I≠ G‰hpw henb kpdn-bm\n ]fin-X≥, hn\bw Aev]w IqSn-t∏mbn K-ß-fpsS D]tZ-i-ßfpw i‡n-tb-dnb ]n≥_-e- Ime-L´w k`-°mbn {]Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xn¬ hnP- F∂p ap≥Kman-bpsS KqV-kvan-X-tØm-sS-bp≈ Xami Bkz-Zn® alm-am-\-k≥, ]Tn® ]mT-ß-fn¬ hp-am-bn-cp ∂p Ch¿°p e`n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. k`mw-K- bn® Cu _mhm-am-cpsS Hm¿Ω-s∏-cp-∂m-fp-Iƒ Htc ÿeØv Htc Zn\w BN-cn-°phm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv sX‰p-s≠∂p I≠v Xncp-Øp-Ibpw AXn¬ Xs‚ P\sØ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-°p-Ibpw sNbvX HutK≥ ß-fn ¬ Ch¿ hnizm-k-a¿∏n-®n-cp-∂p. k`-bpsS t{ijvT-X-c-am-Wv. _mhm kpZo¿L-amb Cl-temIhmk-Øn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw Pohn-°p∂ kl-Zm-bmbn `hn® hy‡n-bm- P\p-hcn 3, ae-¶-c-k-`-bpsS hen-b-s]-cp-∂mƒ Wv. I£n-ssh-cm-Ky-Øn¬ A‘-\mb ]m{Xn-b¿°okv ]£-°m-c≥ Im∏n-h-Sn°ºp-sIm≠v ]pdØv B™-Sn-®-Xns‚ thZ\ ISn-®-a¿Øn-s°m≠v kln-®Xv Xmc-X-tay\ sNdnb Hcp ]oU-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. D]-hm-k-an-√mØ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ C√mbva aqew `£Ww shSn-tb-≠n-h-∂n-´p≈ ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS t{iWn- Fw. -Ip-cy≥ tXm-akv bn¬ Hcp]t£ Ah-km-\sØ IÆn-I-fn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°Ww ]. HutK≥ _mhm. ae-¶-c-bnse aq∂m-asØ ImtXm-en- ae-¶-c-k`bnse kv{XoI-fpsS kw`m- ]. amXyqkv {]Y-a≥ _mhm-bpsS kw`m-h-\-Iƒ k`-bpsS sI´p-d-∏n\pw ka{K hnI-k-\-Øn\pw °mbpw tZh-temIw ImtXm-en-t°‰v Ac- h-\- sIm-≠mWv ]. -ssZ-h-am-Xm-hns‚ \ma- DX-Ip-∂-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. sshZnI hnZym-`m-kw, _mlytIc-f-Ønse k`-bpsS hnI-k-\w, `c-W-L-S-\- a-\-bpsS ÿm]-I-\p-amb `mKy-kva-c-Wm¿- Øn-ep≈ Ac-a-\-Nm-∏¬ ].- _mhm ]Wn- bpsS hn´p-ho-gvN-bn-√mØ \S-∏m-°¬, hS-°≥ `{Zm-k-\-ß-fnse ImtXm-en-t°‰v sk‚-dp-Iƒ, l-\mb ].- _-tk-en-tbmkv Koh¿Kokv Xp-b¿Øn-b-Xv. ì\nßƒ°pw \nß-fpsS XnI™ kmº-ØnI kpXm-cy-X F∂n-h-sb√mw ]. amXyqkv {]Y-a≥ _mhmsb kvacn-°p-tºmƒ ZznXo-b≥ _mhm-bpsS Hm¿Ω-Zn-\-amWv a°ƒ°pw th≠n \nXyhpw {]m¿∞- apt∂m´phcp∂ At\Iw taJ-e-I-fm-Wv. am¿tØmΩm ]mc-ºcyw \q‰m≠pIƒ°p tijw ]p\xÿm- P\p-hcn aq∂v. C∂v tZh-temIw Ac-a-\- \bpw hn. -Ip¿_m-\bpw A¿∏n-°m-\p≈ ]n-®-Xp-ap-X¬ k`m-k-an-Xn-Isf ê-{]-Z-ambn {]h¿Ø-\-£-a-am-°pI hsc-bp≈ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn- Nm∏-ense {][m\ s]cp-∂mfpw CXm-Wv. ÿe-am-Wn-Xvî F∂mWv ]. -_mhm A∂v eqsS k`sb FÆ-bn´ b{¥w t]mse {]h¿Ø-\-£-a-am-°nb Hcp alm-{]-Xn-`sb BZ-c-thm-sS-b- Zo¿L-ho-£-W-tØm-sS-bmWv ].- ae-¶-c-bnse kv{XoP-\-ß-tfmSv Iev]n-®- √msX t\m°n°m-Wm-\m-hn-√. Fw. Un. skan-\mcn kvIqfnse Hcp emÃv t{KUv Poh-\-°m-c-\mb h¿§o-kns‚ hnhm-l-Øn\v Im¿Ωn-IXzw hln°msa∂ hm°p- ]m-en-°p-hm≥ Nne h≥tXm-°p-I- fpsS £Ww \ncm-I-cn-°p-hm≥ \nan-jm¿≤w t]mepw Nn¥n-t°-≠mØ {]Xn-_-≤X C∂v hwi-\miw kw`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ H∂m-Wv. tZh-temIØn\v ssZh-ssN-X\yw ]I¿∂ Cu henb {]Imi tKm]p-c-ßƒ hgn-Im-WmsX Dg- dp∂ L´-ß-fn¬ Cu k`bv°v tIm´bpw Imh-ep-ambn `hn-°-s´. ae-¶-c-k-`-bpsS al¿jn-h-cy≥ (am¿ _tk-en-tbmkv Koh¿Kokv ZznXo-b≥ ImtXm-en°m _mhm) km_p hS-I-c (ssI-°m-c≥, sk‚v tPm¨kv IØo-{U¬, ]mºmSn) ae-¶c Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv k`-bpsS aq- dºm\- mb- nc- p∂ ImeL- ´- Ø- n¬ kpdnb- m\n ∂mwImtXm-en°mbmb ]. Koh¿Kokv `mj-bn¬ \n∂pw Hº-Xv {KŸ-ßƒ ae- ZznXo-b≥ _mhm tIm´bw Pn√-bnse Ipdn- bm-f-Øn-te°v X¿÷a sNbvXp {]kn-≤o- ]cn-ip≤ _t -en-tbmkv HutK≥ ]cn-ip≤ _t -en-tbmkv amXyqkv ®n-bn¬ I√m-t»cn De-l-∂m-s‚bpw ss\ I-cn-®p. 1912 sk]v‰w-_¿ 8 \v "Koh¿Kokv {]Y-a≥ ImtXm-en°m _mhm {]Y-a≥ ImtXm-en°m _mhm Øn-bp-sSbpw ]p{X-\mbn 1874 Pq¨ 15 \v am¿ {KotKm-dn-tbm-kv' F∂ t]cn¬ sa{Xm- Ipdn®n _mhm tZh-temIw Ac-a-\ -]-Wn- Xv. tZh-temIw Ac-a-\-Nm-∏-ens‚ {][m\ P\n-®p. ]p∂qkv F∂ t]cn-emWv _mey- t∏m-eo-Øm-bmbn hmgn-°-s∏-´p. 1929 s^ Xp-b¿Øn-b-Xv. Xm\pw Xs‚ ]n≥Km-an- s]cp-∂mƒ ssZh-am-Xm-hns‚ hmßn∏p Im-eØv Adn-b-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xv.- ]-cp-ae Xncp- {_p-hcn 15 \v "_tk-en-tbmkv Koh¿Kokv Ifpw AhnsS hkn-°-W-sa∂pw AhnsS s]cp-∂m-fmb HmKÃv 15 \v BWv. tZh- ta-\n-bp-sSbpw h´-t»cn¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bp-sS ZznXo-b≥' F∂ t]cn¬ ]uckvXy Im I_-d-S-°-s∏-S-W-sa∂pw At±lw B{K- temIw Ac-a-\-Nm-∏-en¬ I_-d-S-°n-bn-cn- bpw injy-\mbn ]cp-ae skan-\m-cn-bn¬ tXm-en-°-mbmbn ÿm\-ta-‰p. 1934 Unkw- ln-®p. AXn-\p≈ ASn-ÿm\ kuI-cy- °p∂ ]. -Hu-tK≥ {]Y-a≥ _m-h,- ]. -h-´- sshZnI hnZym-`ymkw sNbvXp. 1892 G{]n _¿ 26˛\v "ae-¶c sa{Xm-t∏m-eo-Øm'-bm- ßfpw At±lw D≠m-°n. XpS¿∂v \mepw °p-t∂¬ _mhm F∂n-h-cpsS Hm¿Ω-s∏- ¬ 24 \v ]q¿W siΩmi-\mbn.1898 \hw- bn. 1964 P\p-hcn aq∂n\v Imew sNbvXp. A©pw ImtXm-en-°m-amsc Ahn-sS-Ø- cp-∂m-fp-Iƒ IqSn-t®¿Øv kwbp-‡-am- _¿ 24 \v sshZnI]´hpw aq∂p-Znhkw Bflob ]ucp-jsØ k`-bpsS s∂ I_-d-S-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ign™v dºm≥ ÿm\hpw kzoI-cn-®p. (tijw 2˛mw t]Pn¬) (tijw 2˛mw t]Pn¬) A¬am-b-thZn Reg. No. M2. 18821/06 2 kXyw Cu P\p-h-cn-bn¬ Dbn¿Øv Fgp-t∂-ev°Ww ae-¶-c-k-`-bpsS hen-b-s]-cp-∂mƒ (H∂mw t]Pn¬ \n∂pw) bmWv Ct∏mƒ P\p-hcn aq∂v s]cp-∂mƒ tNem-I¿Ωs∏-cp-∂mfpw I∏-tZm-Iy≥ ]oen-t∏mkv t]m´-bv°m-h-b-en¬ tZh-tem-IØv BtLm-jn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah- ]nXm°- ∑- mc- mb ]. -_t- ke- nt- bmkv, ]. {Ko- cpsS Hm¿Ω-Zn-h-k-ß-fmb bYm-{Iaw tKm-dn-tbmkv F∂n-h-cp-sSbpw kIe aev- aq∂p {][m\ alm-Nm-cy-∑m¿ H∂p- am¿tØmΩm «olmsb XcwXmgvØnb Unkw-_¿ 8, \hw-_¿ 8 F∂nh {]tXy- ]m-∑m-cp-sSbpw Hm¿Ω-bp-am-Wv. AtX -t]m- tN¿∂v k`sb C∂-tbmfw kwc-£n-°p- ]m{Xn-b¿°o-kns‚ \S-]-Sn-s°-Xnsc {]Xn- Iw BtLm-jn-°p-∂p-ap-≠v. se-Xs∂ sabv 20, \mev Gh≥tKen-ÿ- ∂-Xn\v hgnHcp-°n. am¿tØmΩm «olm- I-cn® k¿∆ ssk\ym-[n-]-\mb ]. HutK- kao-]-Im-eØv C{]-Imcw th¿Xn-cn®p ∑m-cp-sSbpw \nJym-bnepw IpkvX-¥o-t\m- bpsS ]n≥Km-an-I-fmbn k`sb \bn® Cu ≥_mhmsb {]iw-kn-°p-∂-Xn-e-√, B s]cp-∂m-fp-Iƒ \S-tØ-≠-Xns-√∂pw kvt]meo-knepw Ft^-tkm-knepw \S∂ ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS kvacW ]pXp-°p∂tXm- ]nXm-hns‚ ]mX ]n≥]‰n {]Xn-I-cn-°m≥ F√m- _m-hm-am-cp-sSbpw s]cp-∂mƒ P\p- aq∂p s- ]mX- p k- p∂- l- t- Zmk- pI- f- nse ]nXm- sSm∏w am¿tØmΩm «olm apX¬ F√m \ΩpsS C∂sØ ]nXm-°-∑m¿°pw hcn aq∂n-\p -am{Xw \S-Øn-bm¬ aXn-sb- °-∑m-cpsS Hm¿Ω-bp-am-Wv. Ch-cn¬ ]e- ImtXm-en°m_mhm-am-cp-sSbpw kvacW km[n-®n-cp∂p F¶n¬. Nne \n¿Æmb L- ∂pw Nne¿ {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ Cd-°p-∂p-≠v. cp-sSbpw (DZm: Gh≥tK-eo-ÿ-\mb am¿ ]pXp-°p∂ k`-bpsS \thm-∞m\Zn\-am- ´-ß-fn¬ {]ap-J-cmb Nne Aflmb{]ap- CXv Hcp-hn-[-Ønepw AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ km- tbml-∂m≥ «olm) Hm¿Ω-s∏-cp-∂m-fp- bn Cu Zn\sØ k` BI-am\w BtLm- J¿ ]. ]nXm-hns\ NqjWhnt[-b-\m-°m ≤y-a-√. ae-¶-c-k` Hcp Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv Iƒ a‰p ]e -Zn-h-k-ß-fnepw ]©mw-K-Øn- jn-°-Ww. Ct∂ Znhkw ae-¶-c-bnse ≥ {ian-®Xpw ]. ]nXmhv Xncn-®-dn-™n- k`-bmbn \ne-\n¬°p∂ Ime-tØmfw ].- ¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-ap-≠v. F√m ]≈n-I-fn¬\n∂pw Ipd-™-]£w cp∂p. adp-`m-K-Øp-\n∂p hn. k`-bn-se- ]nX- m°- ∑- mc- psS Hm¿Ω Ign°- m≥ k`bv°v Cusbmcp am\-Zfiw P\p-hcn aq∂v c≠p {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ F¶nepw Cu s]cp- Ønb Xotam-Øn-tbmkv Xncp-ta-\nsb _m≤y-X-bp-≠v. s]cp-∂m-fns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ k` kzoI-cn- ∂m-fn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°-Ww. ]. ImtXm-en°m i¶n-®n√ F∂p am{X-a√ a‰p sa{Xm-∑mcpw CXp-sIm≠v P\p-hcn aq∂nse s]cp- °Ww. aq∂p -s]mXp kp∂-l-tZm-kp-I- _mhm Xncp-a-\- nse Iev]\ D≠m-bn´p k`m t\Xr-Xzhpw H∏-Øn-e-[n-I-ambn BZ- ∂m-fn\p {]m[m-\y-ans√-∂-√. AXn\v C\n- fnse ]nXm-°-∑m-sc-t∏mse ae-¶-c-k-`- t]mepw s]cp-∂mƒ Btem-N\m tbmK- cn®v ]. ]nXm-hns\ k`bv°v {]tbm-P-\- bpw {]m[m\yw Iq´-W-sa-∂mWv Cu teJ- bv°v `mKy-kva-c-Wm¿l-cm-Wv Iq\≥Ipcn- Øn\v tIm´-bw, tIm´bw sk≥{S¬ F∂n- s∏-Sp-Øn. Ct∂m? Is‚ A`n-{]m-bw. Ct∏mƒ P\p-hcn aq∂n- ip-kXyw sNbvX ae-¶c ]≈n-tbmKmw-K- hn-S-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ]s¶-SpØ sshZn-I-cp- ]. amXyqkv {]Y-a≥ _mhm: \p tZh-tem-IØp \S-Øp∂ s]cp-∂m- ßƒ. Ahsc {]Xn-h¿jw kvacn-t°-≠Xv sSbpw Aflm-b-cp-sSbpw BsI XpI Aw- L\ Kwò-c≥. 40-˛-e-[nIw h¿jw fn¬ ]mºm-°pS sNdn-b-]-≈n-bn¬ I_- k`-bpsS _m≤y-X-bm-Wv. AtX-t]mse Kpeo]cn-an-Xambn-cp∂p. Aflm-b-\mbn k`sb tkhn® k`m d-S-°n-bn-cn-°p∂ H∂mw ImtXm-en-°m- Xs∂ FhnsS I_-d-S-°n-bmepw Bÿm- ]. Koh¿Kokv ZznXo-b≥ _mhm: kvt\ln. am¿tØmΩm«olm-bpsS `mcX bmb apdn-a-‰-Øn¬ _mhm (Hm¿Ω ˛ sabv \tZhm-e-b-Øn¬ ImtXm-en-°m-am-cpsS I£nhg-°n¬ CfInadn™ k`sb k`-bpsS {]uVnbpw, BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ 2), h≈n-°m´p Zb-dm-bn¬ I_-d-S-°n-bn- s]cp-∂m-fm-tLmjnt°≠ IS-abpw k`- kz—-ambn ]nSn-®p-\n¿Øn H∂m-°n. {]Xn- AXncpw krjvSn® I¿Ω-tbm-Kn, ÿm\- cn-°p∂ c≠mw ImtXm-en-°m-bmb ]. bv°p-≠v. k-‘n-I-fn¬ BSp-Iƒ CSdn Ipg-™-t∏m- a-ln-abpw Hu∂-Xyhpw \ne-\n¿Ønb hmI-Øm-\-Øp-_mh (Hm¿Ω ˛ Unkw-_¿ AXn-\m¬ P\p-hcn aq∂v ae-¶-c-k-`- gpw, "C√ a°sf kXyw aq∂mw \mƒ Dbn- alm-\p-`m-h≥, k`-bpsS \nb-{¥Ww ]nSn- 17), imkvXmw-tIm´ Cu∏≥Ip∂n¬ I_- bpsS G‰hpw hen-b-s]-cp-∂m-fp-I-fn¬ ¿sØg- pt- ∂ev°pw' F∂v A¿∞i- ¶ IqSm- ®-S-°m≥ {ian® cmjv{Sob ˛ hyh-kmb d-S-°n-bn-cn-°p∂ Bdmw ImtXm-en-°m- H∂mbn am‰Ww. AXv ì]. Ko-h¿Kokv sX Zo¿LZ- rj- vSnt- bmsS {]hN- n® Cu tbm- tem_nI- ƒ°v AXn¿ \n›b- n® I¿Ωt- bm- bmb ]. amXyqkv ZznXo-b≥ _mhm (Hm¿- ZznXo-b≥ _mhm-bp-sSbpw ae-¶-c-bnse Kn-h-cys‚ ]mX ]n≥]-‰p∂ ]nXm-°-∑m¿ Kn, k`b- v°pw, Xs‚ ap≥Kma- nI- ƒ°pw k`- Ω ˛ P\p-hcn 26) Ch¿ A\p-kva-cn-°s∏- F√m _tk-en-tbmkv ImtXm-en-°m-am-cp- C∂pt≠m F∂v i¶n-°p-∂Xv sX‰m-hp- bn¬ \evInb ap≥K-W\ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Sp-∂n-√. Ah-cpsS Hm¿ΩZnhkßƒ sSbpw Iq\≥Ip-cn-in¬ kXyw sNbvX tam Ft¥m. hocyw h¿≤n-∏n-®p. ImtXm-en-t°-‰ns‚ AXXp Znhkw Ah¿ I_-d-S-ßn-bn-cn- F√m ]nXm-°-∑m-cp-sSbpw Hm¿Ωî F∂p tUmIvS-td-‰p-Ifpw BtKmf {]i-kvXn- i‡nbpw {]k-‡nbpw hocyhpw hy‡- °p∂ ]≈n-I-fn¬ BN-cn-°p-I-bmWv \ma-I-cWw sNbvXv k`m- ]-©mw-K-Øn¬ bpw C√m-™n´pw temI-cmjv{S t\Xm-°- am-°nb alm-\p-`m-h≥. km[m-cW hnizm- ]Xn-hv. tN¿°pI- bpw thWw. tZht- emI- t- Øms- Sm- fpw aX-t\-Xm°fpw B ]. ]nXm-hns‚ knb- mWv k`b- psS i‡nZ- p¿§w F∂v Xncn- Cu Ahÿ amdWw. P\p-hcn aq∂v ∏w Npcp-ßnb]£w a´m-t©-cn-bn-se-¶n- ap∂n¬ \{a-in-ckvI-cmbn \n∂v A\p-{K- ®-dn™p {]h¿Øn® ]. ]nXm-hv. ae-¶-c-bnse kIe _tk-en-tbmkv Im- epw B Zn-hkw BtLm-jn-°p-Ibpw lw hmßn. Aflmb {]ap-Jcpw D∂-X-∑m- Cu alm-c-Y-∑m-cmb ]. ]nXm-°-∑m- tXme- n°- ma- mc- ps- Sbpw Hm¿Ωs- ∏c- p∂- mf- mbn thWw. cpw Acbn¬ c≠mw-ap≠v -sIń\n∂v BZ- cpsS Ime-Sn-Iƒ ]n≥]-‰p∂ Hcp sshZn- sIm≠m-S-Ww. CXp-hsc Imew sNbvX- ""\nßƒ k`sb c£n-bv°p-Ibpw a‰p-≈-h-cpsS cn-®p. B ssZhnI B⁄mi‡nbpw I, tae-≤y£ hyqlw A®-S-°-tØmsS hcpw C\n- ImewsNøp∂hcpw AXn¬ apºmsI amXr-Im-]-c-ambn k∑m¿§ \njvT-tbmsS Pohn- Kmwò-cyhpw ]ucp-jhpw C∂p \ne-\n∂p ]. ZnZn-tamkv _mhm-tbm-sSm∏w Cu ]q¿∆ Dƒs∏-S-Ww. Ah-cpsS s]cp-∂m-fp-Iƒ bv°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. k`-bpsS Nn´-Iƒ A\p-k-cn®p ImWm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂ hnizmkn Ahn- ]nXm-°-fpsS kvacW ]pXp°n KpW-K- AXXp Znhkw Ah¿ I_-d-S-ßn-b-nSØv \oß-Ww. Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ \nß-fpsS IpSpw-_-hpw, th-Inbpw hnhcw sI´h\p-am-Ip∂ Ime- W-ßƒ {]Io¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-ep-]cn {]h ˛ tZh-temIw Ac-a\ AS°w ˛ sIm-≠m- cmPy-hpw, k`bpw hnP-bn-°pw. \nßƒ k`-bpsS kwc- am-Wn∂v. ¿Øn]Y-Øn¬ FØn-®n-cp∂p F¶n¬ Sp-Ibpw thWw. £-I-cm-Wv. \nß-fpsS A]-am-\hpw _lp-am-\hpw k`- ]. HutK≥ {]Y-a≥ _mhm: k` [\y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu ]nXm-°- P\p-hcn aq∂n\v as‰mcp {]m[m\yw bpsS A]-am-\hpw _lp-am-\-hp-am-Wv. \nßƒ kvt\l- hnL-Sn-X-cpsS hn[zw-kI {]h¿Ø-\- ∑m¿ am¿tØm-Ωm-bpsS k`-sbbpw knw IqsS-bp-≠v. 1653 P\p-hcn aq∂n-\mWv ae- tØmSpw kt¥m-j-tØmSpw sFIy-tØmSpw {]h¿Øn®p ßƒ°v hnt[-b-s∏´v a¿±-\hpw hntZz-j- lm-k-\-sØbpw sXm´p-I-fn® ]m{Xn-b¿ ¶-c -]-≈n-tbmKw kp{]-kn-≤-amb Iq\≥ k`bv°v alna ssIh-cp-Ø-Ww.'' Ipcn-ip-kXyw sNbvX-Xv. a´m-t©-cn-bn¬ ßfpw G‰p-hmßn am¿tØmΩm «olm- °o-k-∑m-cp-sSbpw {]ap-J-cp-sSbpw ap∂n¬ (]. _t -en-tbmkv HutK≥ {]Y-a≥ _mhm bpsS `mc-X-k-`-bpsS Aa-c-°m-c-\mb BZ-chp Im´msX ImtXm-en-t°-‰ns‚ A∂p- \-S∂ B alm-kw-`hw tdmam 1970 Unkw-_¿ 31-˛mw XobXn Fw. Un. At m-kn- ]nXm-hv. Ffn-abpsSbpw Xmgva-bp-sSbpw kzmX-{¥y-Øn-\p-th≠n t]mcmSn. hnizm- \pIw hen-s®-dn-™p F∂-Xn-t\-°mfp- tb-j-\n¬ sNbvX A≤y£ {]kw-K-Øn¬ \n∂v) ]cn C¥y-bn¬ ]m›mXyi‡n-Iƒs°- \nd-Ip-S-am-bn-cp∂ ]. ]nXm-hns\ Xs‚ kn-Ifpw Ah-cpsS ]n∂n¬ AWn\nc-∂p. ]n≥Km-an-bmbn Is≠-Ønb AØcw Hcp \√ \msf D≠m-bm¬ \n›- Xn-cmbn \S∂ BZy kzmX{¥y ka-c-hp- A¬amb- thZn Ipdn®n_mhm Xs‚ ]n≥Km-an-bnse ambpw kXyw aq∂mw\mƒ˛A√m Cu P\p- amWv. kXy-hn-izmkw ]p\xÿm]n® B am¿tØmΩm ss]XrIw ap∂ta Z¿in-®n- h-cn-bn¬ Xs∂ ˛ Dbn¿sØgp-t∂‰v \mapw ]nXm-°-∑m¿ Xo¿®-bmbpw kvac-Wm¿l- kw`mh\Iƒ Abt°≠ hnemkw: cm-Wv. ´p≠v F∂v hniz-kn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. \ΩpsS k`bpw c£-s∏Spw, \n›-bw. (cid:137) kpdn-bm-\n-k-`-bpsS ]©mw-K-{]-Imcw ALMAYA VEDI, Post Box No. 652, ae-¶-ck`-bpsS... (H∂mw t]Pn¬ P\p-hcn H∂v \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hns‚ Kottayam - 686 001 \in‡∂pnwZ)p¿§-am°n cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Ønb ]cn-`mj \n¿∆-ln® {KŸ-ßƒ: cl- kºq¿Æ aebmf cN\Iƒ hmeyw 1 APø t\Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p Ct±lw. {]iv\ ky-{]m¿∞\ (1900), -]. kl-tZ-∑m-cpsS k¶o¿Æ-amb Hcp Ime-L-´-Øn¬ ssZh- Ncn{Xw (1901),- ]-cn-ip-≤-∑m-cpsS Ncn{Xw kvt\lw, kzmX{¥yw, ]pXnb am\hnIX Øn¬ \n∂m¿÷n® i‡nsIm≠v ae-¶c (1902), ]. kv{XoI-fpsS Ncn{Xw (1904),- am¿ k`sb kss[cyw \bn®v k`-bpsS _lp- At¥m-\okp Ncn{Xw (1906), am¿ sia- tUm. ]utemk vam¿ {KotKmdntbmkv ap-J-amb hf¿®bv°pw \thm-∞m-\-Øn- Du≥ sZkvXp-s\-bpsS t{ijvS-X (1906), \p-ambn kp[oc t\XrXzw \¬In. hnip- AeIvk{¥ymbpsS ]m{Xn-b¿°o-kmb 6 {KŸßfpw 21 {]`mj- W- ß- fpw 17 teJ\- ß- f- pw. 672 t]PpIƒ. hne: 300 cq] (C¥ybn¬) ≤nbpw ]mfin-Xyhpw ]Iz-Xbpw ImtXm- am¿ bqlm-t\m≥ avdlv-tΩm-s\m (1907),- kuP\y hne: 200 cq]. ]pkvXIw X]me- n¬ e`n°- ph- m≥ ]Ww Fw. H/ {Um^v‰v Bbn Ab- en-°m-_m-hm-bn¬ ka-\z-bn-®p. -kz-¥hpw ]¿ssZ-km, -am¿ bq-lm-t\m≥ aw-Zm\m. °pI. tkm^nbm {]n‚ vluk,v sXt°\S, tIm´bw˛686001 t^m¨: 91 481 3255054, 99471 20697 Nn¥m-_-‘p-chp-amb Hcp PohnXZ¿i\w (cid:137) tIc-fob kaq-l-Øn\p \¬Inb Ct±lw 20˛mw \q‰m≠v Z¿in® A]q¿∆ {]Xn-`-I- fn¬ Hcm-fm-bn-cp-∂p. BZcmRvPenIƒ Atacn°≥ km{amPyXzØns\ 1991 ¬ kam[m\ZuXyhpambn Cdm°nseØnb ]utemkv Xnsc s]mcpXn hocarXyp hcn® am¿ {KotKmdntbmkv sa{Xmt∏meoØm. {]knU≠v k±mw lpssk\pambn \n›bn®ncp∂ IqSn°mgvNbv°v At±l Cdm°v {]knU≠v k±mw lpssk\v tPmbvkv tXm´bv°mSpw Øn\v FØm≥ IgnbmsX h∂t∏mƒ Xs‚ U]yqńsb BZcmRvPenIƒ sa{Xmt∏meoØmbpsS \n¿t±ißƒ X\n°v kzoImcyam Iq´pImcpw {KnKdn Hm^v C¥ym ÃUn sk‚¿ sW∂v Adnbn°m≥ Ab®t∏mƒ. Almayavedi: Printed and Published by K. V. Abraham Koduvath (President) on behalf of Akhila Malankara Orthodox Almayavedhi, PB No. 652, Kottayam - 686001, printed at Sophia Print House, Surya Guest Line, Thekkenada, Kottayam and published from Kottayam. Editor: Philipose Pottakkavayalil Ph: 93497 54448