17th Australian Agronomy Conference

1033 Pages·2015·53.88 MB·English

17th Australian
Agronomy Conference
20 - 24 September 2015
Wrest Point Convention Centre, Hobart, Tasmania
Conference Proceedings
Index
Plenary Papers
Education, research and partnerships in Agri-Food in a global and connected world ........................1
Prof. Dr. Martin J. Kropff
Forage crop systems: Challenges, opportunities and technology transfer ..........................................9
Jerry H. Cherney, E.V. Baker
Developmet, participatory extension and adoption of zero tillage – case of Syria
and Iraq 2005 – 14 ............................................................................................................................15
Colin Piggin, Stephen Loss, Atef Hadda, Yaseen Khali
Development of a soil sulfur test and sulfur enhanced fertilisers from the soil up ..........................24
Graeme Blair
Achieving sustainable improvements in nutrient efficiency with precision agriculture ...................32
Steve Phillips
From adversity comes strength – repositioning education in agriculture .........................................42
James E Pratley and Tina Botwright Acuña
High Yielding Environments
High rainfall zone grains: yield gaps, production trends and opportunities for improvement .........51
Michael Robertson, John Kirkegaard, Allan Peake, Cam Nicholson, Lindsay Bell, Julianne Lilley, Jon Midwood,
Heping Zhang, Susan Kleven, Chris Duff, Penny Riffkin
Drivers of high yielding irrigated wheat production .........................................................................55
Tony Napier, Luke Gaynor, Deb Slinger, Neroli Graham, Cynthia Podmore
Crop yield potential limited by nutrient status in the high rainfall zone of Southern Australia .......59
B.P. Christy, P.A. Riffkin, A. Clough, R Norton, K. Stott, G.J. O’Leary
Simulating grain and grazing yield of diverse wheat genotypes in the HRZ ...................................63
Lindsay W. Bell, Julianne M. Lilley, James R. Hunt, John A. Kirkegaard
The response of hybrid and open-pollinated canola to the environment in southern Australia ........67
Heping Zhang, Jens D Berger, Mark Seymour, Rohan Brill, Richard Quinlan, Garren Knell
Crop Adaptation
Commercial wheat varieties are broadly adapted to time of sowing in Australia ............................71
Roger Lawes, Zvi Hochman, Neil Huth
Pushing the limit for water-use efficiency in early-sown canola ......................................................75
John Kirkegaard, Rohan Brill, Julianne Lilley
The critical period for yield determination in chickpea ....................................................................79
Lachlan Lake, Victor O. Sadras
Adapting rain-fed sorghum agronomy to breeding progress – Cropping system model
parameterisation ................................................................................................................................83
Barbara George-Jaeggli, Jason Brider, Ian Broad, Karine Chenu, Joseph Eyre, Ariel Ferrante, Greg McLean,
James McLean, Andrew Skerman, Daniel Rodriguez
Physiological and biochemical attributes of Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz under water stress
conditions ..........................................................................................................................................87
Ejaz Ahmad Waraich, Zeeshan Ahmed, Rashid Ahmad, M. Shahbaz
Managing Pests and Diseases
Exotic plant pests – a threat to the sustainability of Australia’s grains industry ...............................91
Rachel Taylor-Hukins, Judy Bellati, Kym McIntyre and Rohan Burgess
High crown rot risk – should growers plant barley or wheat? ..........................................................95
Rick Graham, Steven Simpfendorfer, Guy McMullen
Managing viral diseases in chickpeas through agronomic practices ................................................99
Andrew Verrell, Kevin Moore
Fusarium crown rot of wheat – impact on plant available soil water usage ...................................103
Rick Graham, Steven Simpfendorfer, Guy McMullen, Neroli Graham
Pasture Breeding
Summer production of alternative species in comparison to perennial ryegrass and white
clover for high input pasture systems .............................................................................................107
Rowan Smith, Eric Hall, Ross Corkrey, David Parsons, Keith Pembleton, Richard Rawnsley
Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) beat the heat during summer drought in southeast Australian
dairying regions? .............................................................................................................................111
Adam Langworthy, Keith Pembleton, Richard Rawnsley,Matthew Harrison, Peter Lane, David Henry
and Ross Corkrey
Increasing the seed production of summer-dormant, drought-tolerant cocksfoot ..........................115
Mark R. Norton
Stoloniferous red clover cv. Rubitas is a valuable companion to PRG and phalaris ......................119
Brigid Watson, Keith Pembleton, Rowan Smith, Ross Corkrey and Richard Rawnsley
Comparing within paddock yield variability of perennial ryegrass monocultures and
perennial ryegrass, white clover and plantain mixtures using yield mapping ................................123
David K. McLaren, Keith G. Pembleton
A preliminary evaluation of alternative annual legume species under grazing on the
Southern Tablelands of NSW ..........................................................................................................127
Richard C. Hayes, Graeme A. Sandral, Richard Simpson, Andrew Price, Adam Stefanski and Matthew T. Newell
Emissions
Life Cycle Assessment of Grain Cropping .....................................................................................131
Aaron Simmons, Sally Muir, Pip Brocl, David Herridge
Greenhouse Gas mitigation potential and profitability of practices on Australian grain farms ......135
Elizabeth Meier, Peter Thorburn, Marit Kragt, Nikki Dumbrell and Jody Biggs
N2O mitigation opportunities in subtropical cereal and fibre cropping systems
– a modelling approach ...................................................................................................................139
Henrike Mielenz, Peter J Thorburn, Clemens Scheer, Mike J Bell, Peter R Grace
The effect of variable nitrogen fertiliser rates on indirect nitrous oxide emissions and
losses from furrow-irrigated cotton production ..............................................................................143
Alice Devlin, Yvonne Ye Fen Chang, Ben Macdonald
Potential for summer active grasses to minimise gaseous soil N losses .........................................147
M.E. McNee, K.C. Flower, L. Nazaries, S. Manalil, B.K. Singh
High nitrous oxide emissions from irrigated maize in northern Victoria .......................................151
Ashley Wallace, Damian Jones, Rohan Pay, Roger Armstrong
Climate Change
Cotton production in a changing climate ........................................................................................155
Qunying Luo, Michael Bange, David Johnston and Michael Braunack
Simulation Modelling of Alternative Strategies for Climate Change Adaptation in Rainfed
Cropping Systems in North-Western Cambodia .............................................................................159
Van Touch, Robert Martin, De Li Liu, Annette Cowie, Fiona Scott, Graeme Wright, Yash Chauhan
Impact of projected climates on drought occurrence in the Australian wheatbelt ..........................163
James Watson, Bangyou Zheng, Scott C. Chapman and Karine Chenu
Evaluation of a climate model consensus forecast for Victorian farmers, seven years on .............167
Dale Grey, and Graeme Anderson
Different response of soil and crop sequences to climate change in Western Australian
mixed farm systems ........................................................................................................................171
Afshin Ghahramani, Dane S. Thomas, Peter T. Hayman, Andrew D. Moore
Managing Productive and Sustainable Landscapes
Is mosaic irrigation a viable proposition for north Australian beef enterprises? ............................175
Neil MacLeod, Di Mayberry, Lindsay Bell and Ian Watson
Monitoring impacts from broadscale resource development on surface water flows in
agricultural landscapes ....................................................................................................................179
Perry L Poulton, Neil I Huth, Peter Caccetta, Brett Cocks, Jeremy Wallace, Xiaoliang Wu
A synthesis of agronomy for productive, diverse and sustainable landscapes ...............................183
Guy Roth, Angela Bradburn, Jane Trindall, Allan Williams
Identifying areas where coal seam gas development may assist agricultural intensification .........187
Ethel B. Samalca,Neil I. Huth,and Geoff Slaughter
High intensity, short duration livestock grazing management improves landscape function,
and increases species richness and abundance of ground-layer insects on grazing properties
of the northern slopes and tablelands of NSW, Australia ...............................................................191
Rachel Lawrence, Nick Reid, Romina Rader
Yield Gap and Performance
Patterns of dry matter production, allocation and water use in perennial wheat ............................195
Jesmin Aktar, Sergio Moroni, Mark Norton and Len J. Wade
Visualizing yield gaps in Australia’s wheat cropping zone ............................................................199
Zvi Hochman, David Gobbett, Heidi Horan, Javier Navarro Garcia
Are future yield gains in wheat of 1.5% per year achievable? .......................................................203
Michael Robertson, Greg Rebetzke, John Kirkegaard, Rick Llewellyn, Tim Wark
Yield Performance of Temperate and Tropical Rice Varieties in the Ord .......................................207
Siva Sivapalan
Biotic and abiotic factors affecting potato yields in Canterbury, New Zealand .............................211
A.J. Michel1, S.M. Sinton, R.E. Falloon, F.A. Shah, S.J. Dellow, S.J. Pethybridge
Source-sink manipulation in canola (Brassica napus L.) indicates that yield is source limited .....215
Heping Zhang and Sam Flottmann
Evaluation of commercial rice hybrids under local conditions in Battambang, Cambodia ............219
Karomo N.F. Browne, Daniel K.Y. Tan, Robert Martin, Yorn Try, William Rathmell, Peter Sharp
Crop Establishment
On-row seeding as a tool for management of water repellent sands ..............................................223
Phil Ward, Margaret M. Roper, Ramona Jongepier, Shayne Micin and Stephen Davies
Defining optimum plant population and row configuration for sunflower in northern NSW .........227
Loretta Serafin
Impact of Seeding Density and Time of Sowing on Soybean Productivity in Southern NSW ......231
Mark Richards, Luke Gaynor, Alan Boulton and Neil Coombes
Effect of 1 m and 1.5 m row spacing on yield and fibre quality of upland cotton (Gossypium
hirsutum) in Warren, NSW, Australia .............................................................................................235
Richard A. Quigley, Daniel K.Y. Tan, Rose Brodrick
The effect of fertiliser placement and row spacing on plant establishment and grain yield of
three broad leaf (Lupinus albus) and three narrow leaf (L. angustifolius) lupin varieties ..............239
Eric Koetz, Karl Moore, Barry Haskins and Peter Martin
Does varying sorghum row configuration stratify soil nitrogen? ...................................................243
Loretta Serafin, Guy McMullen
Extent and Attitudes of Dry Seeding in the Agro Ecological zones of Western Australia..............247
Mathew McNee, Andrew Fletcher, David Minkey Lauren Celenza
Crop Phenology
Identifying the optimal flowering period for wheat in Australia: A simulation study ....................251
B.M. Flohr, J.R. Hunt, J.A. Kirkegaard, J.R. Evans
Dry matter partitioning in canola (Brassica napus L.) and the impacts on grain yeild in the
High Rainfall Zone of south-eastern Australia ...............................................................................255
Penny Riffkin, Brendan Christy, Garry O’Leary, Debra Partington
Novel wheat genotypes for early sowing across Australian wheat production environments ........259
James Hunt, Ben Trevaskis, Andrew Fletcher, Allan Peake, Alec Zwart, Neil Fettell
Floral initiation in maize is regulated by the growth of leaf primordia ..........................................263
Stephen E Ockerby, Zongjian Yang
Effect of anthesis date on grain yield and yield components of wheat – Trangie 2009-2012 ........267
Rohan Brill
Can the duration of the spike construction phase increase the yield of wheat? ..............................271
Tina Botwright Acuña, Penny Riffkin, Angela Merry, Brendan Christy, Richard Richards, Heping Zhang,
Jens Berger, Garry O’Leary, Debra Partington
Phenotypic plasticity of grain yield in oat and its association with agronomic and
phenological traits ...........................................................................................................................275
Mahadevan, Victor O. Sadras, Pamela K. Zwer
Simulated wheat phenology is improved when local temperature is used .....................................279
Dane Thomas, Peter Hayman
APSIM Kale appropriately simulates spring and autumn grown forage kale crops in Tasmania ..283
K.G. Pembleton, M.T. Harrison, R.P. Rawnsley, R. Zykowski , E Chakwizira, J. de Ruiter, P.R. Johnstone
Pasture Management
Lamb growth rates on pasture: assessing options for finishing lambs in spring .............................287
Shawn McGrath, Graeme Sandral, Michael Friend
Economic value of grazing inter-cropping in the high rainfall zone of Southern Australia ...........291
B. Christy, T. McLean, Tocker, Z. Nie, R. Harris
Alternate row sowing: a novel approach to maintaining sown spices in mixed pasture swards ....295
Graeme A. Sandral, Tony D. Swan, Guangdi D. Li, Laura Goward, Mark B. Peoples and Richard C. Hayes
The effects of deficit irrigation strategies on soil water content under Lucerne .............................299
Mary-Jane Rogers, Alister Lawson, Kevin Kelly
Optimising Italian ryegrass sowing rates ........................................................................................302
Martin Harmer
Nitrate and sulphate accumulating shrubs to reduce methane emissions in sheep .........................306
Hayley C Norman, Matt G. Wilmot, Paul Young P, Andrew Toovey, Dean Thomas, Xixi Li, Miranda Macintyre,
Joshua K. Hendry, Elizabeth Hulm
Evaluation of short-term fodder options between cropping phases in Tasmania ...........................310
Geoff J. Dean, Angela M. Merry and Rowan W. Smith
Pastures and P
100 Years of superphosphate addition to pasture in an acid soil ....................................................314
Kirsten M Barlow and Cassandra R Schefe
Phosphorus efficient pastures: legume root traits for improved nutrient foraging .........................318
Rebecca Haling, Zongjian Yang, Natalie Shadwell, Richard Simpson, Richard Culvenor, Adam Stefanski,
Graeme Sandral, Daniel Kidd, Hans Lambers, Megan Ryan
Which fertiliser phosphorus management strategy for maximum clover production and
fertiliser phosphorus efficiency? .....................................................................................................322
Timothy I. McLaren, Therese M. McBeath, Richard J. Simpson, Michael J. McLaughlin, Ronald J.Smernik,
Christopher N. Guppy, Alan E. Richardson
Factors affecting pasture productivity in topographically variable landscapes -implications .......326
for pasture input management
Belinda Hackney, Peter Orchard, David Kemp, Beverly Orchard
Phosphorus efficient pastures: response of alternative legumes to fertiliser application ................330
Graeme Sandral, Richard Simpson, Andrew Price, Shane Hildebrand, Chris Fuller, Adam Stefanski, Zongjian Yang,
Richard Culvenor, Daniel Kidd, Hans Lambers, Megan Ryan
Phosphorus efficient pastures: variation in mycorrhizal colonisation of subterranean clover ........334
Megan Ryan, Daniel Kidd, Zongjian Yang, Richard Culvenor, Adam Stefanski, Graeme Sandral, Hans Lambers,
Rebecca Haling, Richard Simpson
Nutrient Use And Efficiency
Recovery of 15N urea fertiliser applied to wheat under different nitrogen (N) management,
in the High Rainfall Zone of south western Victoria ......................................................................338
Rob Harris, Roger Armstrong and Ash Wallace
Nitrogen use efficiency in summer sorghum grown on clay soils ..................................................342
M. Bell, D. Lester, M. De Antoni Migliorati, D. Rowlings, P. Grace
Nitrogen removal and use on a long term fertilizer experiment .....................................................346
Rob Norton, Charlie Walker, Craig Farlow
Nitrogen use efficiency for pasture production – impact of enhanced efficiency fertilisers
and N rate ........................................................................................................................................350
Helen Suter, Shu Kee Lam, Charlie Walker and Deli Chen
Development of nitrogen dilution curves for current Australian wheat varieties ...........................354
Marianne Hoogmoed, Victor Sadras, Barry Mudge, Sarah Noack, Rob Wheeler
Rotations/Canola
The effect of agronomic management on gross margins from crop sequences in the high
rainfall zone of south western Victoria ...........................................................................................358
Corinne Celestina, Jon Midwood, Mark Peoples, Laura Goward, Tony Swan, James Hunt and Rob Harris
Simulating grain and grazing yield of diverse canola cultivars in the high rainfall zone ...............362
Julianne M Lilley, Lindsay W Bell, John A Kirkegaard
Turning sowing times on their head- spring sown winter habit canola and wheat in a mixed
farming system ................................................................................................................................366
Using broadleaf crops to improve wheat grain yield and on farm profitability ..............................370
Guangdi Li1, Mark Peoples, Richard Lowrie, Adam Lowrie, Tony Swan, and Laura Goward
Planning horizon, commodity price and weed burden influence the number of break crops
in a crop sequence ...........................................................................................................................374
Roger Lawes, Caroline van Der Zee
Achieving modelling of pasture-cropping systems with APSIM and GRAZPLAN ......................378
Penny Roberts Craig, Warwick Badgery, Geoffrey Millar, Andrew Moore
Adding value through pasture and fodder break crops- is the current break crop broken? ............382
Annieka Paridaen, Corinne Celestina, Aaron Vague, Simon Falkiner, David Watson, Cam Nicholson
Farm level considerations of sowing date for canola and wheat ....................................................386
Andrew Fletcher, David Minkey, Matt McNee, Darshan Sharma, Doug Abrecht, Penny Roberts-Craig
Partitioning
Response to competition and association with yield of chickpea ...................................................390
Lachlan Lake, Victor O. Sadras
Change in biomass partitioning and transpiration efficiency in Australian wheat varieties
released over the last decades .........................................................................................................394
Andrew Fletcher, Karine Chenu
Yield components of reduced tillering wheat lines from the Yaruna multi-parent population .......398
Dr David Bowran
Potential role of 3D modelling of canopy architecture to explore G x E x M interactions
in wheat ...........................................................................................................................................402
Jochem B. Evers, Carina Moeller, Jim Hanan
3D modelling of tillering behaviour and light interception of freely (-tin) and restricted
(+tin) tillering wheat near-isolines ..................................................................................................406
Carina Moeller, Jochem B. Evers, Greg Rebetzke
Phenology, leaf and yield production patterns of sweet pepper under irrigated seasonal
dry lowlands conditions, Papua New Guinea .................................................................................410
J. Nivi, C. J. Birch, M. Boersma, L. Sparrow, A. Gracie
Cold Adaption
Floral morphology in rice grown under cold temperatures at booting and flowering and
its effect on spikelet sterility ...........................................................................................................414
Zuziana Susanti, Jaquie Mitchell, Shu Fukai
Closing the gap: linking phenotype to genotype in rice lines contrasting for cold adaptation .......418
Jaquie Mitchell, Siti Zulkafli, Brad Campbell, Peter Snell, Ian Godwin, Shu Fukai
Predicting heading date and frost impact in wheat across Australia ...............................................422
Bangyou Zheng, Scott Chapman, Jack Christopher, Troy Frederiks, Karine Chenu
Modelling the impact of frost on wheat production in Australia ....................................................426
Kirsten Barlow, Brendan Christy, Garry O’Leary and James Nuttall
Cold temperature under aerobic conditions increases spikelet sterility in rice (Oryza sativa L.) ..430
Christopher Proud, Muneer Hammadi, Robyn Cave, Jacquie Mitchell, Shu Fukai
Use of chemical protective products to change the ability of wheat to tolerate frost .....................434
Michael Zerner, Tim March, Jason Eglinton, Ben Biddulph
Pasture Breeding
Potential new cultivars of phalaris for the medium rainfall (450-550 mm) mixed farming
zone in southern New South Wales .................................................................................................438
Richard Culvenor, Mark Norton
Plantain and chicory could potentially complement the perennial ryegrass dominant
dairy feedbase .................................................................................................................................442
K.G. Pembleton
An investigation of the social sustainability of genetically modified rye grass forage
in New Zealand ...............................................................................................................................446
B H. Small, T. Chikazhe, N. Botha, R. Tipples, K. Old
Sirolan phalaris and Kasbah cocksfoot prove more persistent than lucerne under drought
in a medium rainfall cropping environment ....................................................................................450
Richard C. Hayes, Guangdi D. Li, Mark R. Norton
The development of a mid-season barrel medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn.) cultivar
with tolerance to sulfonylurea herbicide residues ...........................................................................454
David Peck, Ross Palmer, David Hawkey, Ross Ballard, Klaus Oldach, Tim Sutton and Jake Howie
Managing Seasonal Variability
Near-term pasture growth rate forecasts: which method works best? ............................................458
Richard P. Rawnsley, Matthew T. Harrison, David C. Phelan, Ross Corkrey, David A.Henry
Adapting irrigated and dryland farming systems to climate change and extreme weather
events: is simplification or intensification more effective? .............................................................462
Matthew Harrison, Brendan Cullen, Dan Armstrong, Richard Rawnsley
Can Modelled Soil Moisture with the Southern Oscillation Index Predict Poor Spring
Pasture Production? ........................................................................................................................466
Jane E. Court, Richard J. Eckard, and Frank R. Dunshea
Can seasonal forecasting minimise the threats of climate variability to achieve profitable
crop-livestock productions in NSW ................................................................................................470
Muhuddin Rajin Anwar, Jing-Jia Luo, Oscar Alves, Timothy Sides, Griffith Young, Jason Crean, Anthony Clark,
Ian McGowen
Characterization of maize growing environments in eastern and southern Africa using
the APSIM model ............................................................................................................................474
Solomon Seyoum, Chauhan Yash, Rachaputi Rao, Fekybelu Solomon and Prasanna Boddupalli
Systems and Tillage
Assessing long-term (2004 to 2014) effects of rotation and tillage on grain yield and soil
C and N of a medium rainfall temperate cropping system .............................................................477
RD Armstrong, R Perris, M Munn, FA Robertson, K Dunsford
Biodiesel production in New Zealand – opportunities and considerations .....................................482
Jeff McCormick, Bruce Smallfield, Vonny Fasi, Alan Gash, Bruce McKenzie
A review of annual intercrops in rainfed farming systems of southern Australia ...........................486
Andrew Fletcher, Mark Peoples, John Kirkegaard, Michael Robertson, Jeremy Whish, Tony Swan
Industrial hemp in New Zealand – cash cropping for a better environment ...................................490
Huub Kerckhoffs, Yasemin Kavas, James Millner, Chris Anderson, Eve Kawana-Brown
Measuring farming practices used on cotton farms ........................................................................494
Ingrid Roth
Comparison of stubble management strategies in the high rainfall zone .......................................498
Geoff J. Dean and Angela M. Merry
Managing Productive And Sustainable Landscapes – Land Management
Back to the future. Big data opportunities for Australian grain growers ........................................502
Mark Luckey
Soil-landscape effects on plant available water capacity (PAWC) .................................................506
Kirsten Verburg, Mark Glover, Neil McKenzie, Anne Jackman, Harm van Rees, Neal Dalgliesh
Farming practices at the landscape scale: a novel approach investigating rotations
in the WA wheatbelt ........................................................................................................................510
Myrtille Lacoste, Roger Lawes, Olivier Ducourtieux, Ken Flower
Soil is the mirror of landscapes: Reflections on the legacy and future of soil knowledge
management for sustainable farming ..............................................................................................514
L. A. Lobry de Bruyn and A. Jenkins
Smallholder farmer innovation. 1. Replacing transplanted rice monoculture with direct
seeded rice based cropping systems ................................................................................................518
Ashok Kumar, Murray Unkovich, Bill Bellotti
Managing Productive And Sustainable Landscapes – Rice
Combining field trials and crop modelling of dry direct seeded rice to reduce production
risks in Lao PDR under current and future climates .......................................................................522
Alison Laing, Christian H Roth, Donald S Gaydon, Vanthong Phengvichith, Sipaseuth, Khammone Thiravong,
Sysavanh Vorlasan, John Schiller
Resilience of smallholder farmers in Cambodian lowland rice ecosystems in managing
for future climate uncertainty ..........................................................................................................526
Perry L Poulton, Neal P Dalgliesh, Say Vang, Touch Veasna, Philip Charlesworth
Validation of APSIM for long duration rice varieties in different agro-climatic zones
of Sri Lanka .....................................................................................................................................530
M.E.K.K. Fernando, D.A.B.N. Amerasekara, R.K. Amarasingha, L.D.B. Suriyagoda, B. Marambe,
L.W. Galagedara, G.L.L.P. Silva, R. Punyawardena, D. Parsons and H. Meinke
Entry points for eco-efficient alternative rice production system in Punjab, Pakistan ...................534
M.I. Awan, H. Meinke, P. van Oort, L. Bastiaans
Heat Stress
Field-screening for crop adaptation to heat stress: untangling confounded effects of
sowing date trials ............................................................................................................................539
V.O. Sadras, V. Vadez, L. Lake1, H. Marrou, R. Purushothaman
Heat shock response in wheat under Free Air CO2 Enrichment ....................................................543
James Nuttall, Kirsten Barlow, Brendan Christy, Garry O’Leary and Glenn J Fitzgerald
Heat stress effects on grain sorghum productivity- biology and modelling ...................................547
Vijaya Singh , Chuc Thi Nguyen , Erik van Oosterom , David Jordan , Scott Chapman , Bangyou Zheng
and Graeme Hammer
Genetic variation in wheat pollen heat tolerance ............................................................................551
Olivia Agar, Daniel K.Y. Tan, Deborah A. Barton, Richard M. Trethowan
South East Australian grain growers and advisors rate grain filling heat as a greater
risk than frost ..................................................................................................................................555
Dale Grey, James Nuttall and Kirsten Barlow
Association between wheat yield and temperature in south-eastern Australia ...............................559
Victor Sadras, Fernanda Dreccer, Justin Fainges
Genotypic heat tolerance in lentil ...................................................................................................562
Audrey Delahunty, James Nuttall, Marc Nicolas, Jason Brand
Weeds and Herbicides
Harvest weed seed control: ryegrass seed retention levels in south-eastern
Australia wheat crops ......................................................................................................................566
John Broster, Michael Walsh, Charlotte Aves, Stephen Powles
Improving herbicide tolerance in pulses to support the diversification of
Australian crop rotations .................................................................................................................570
Dili Mao, Jeff Paull, Chris Preston, Chris Dyson, Shi Ying Yang, Larn McMurray
Dual direction allelopathy: the case of canola, wheat and annual ryegrass ....................................574
J R Moore, Md Asaduzzaman and J E Pratley
Flaxleaf fleabane management in cropping systems of southern Australia ....................................578
Ben Fleet, Christopher Preston, Gurjeet Gill
The extent of herbicide resistance in Tasmanian wild radish populations ......................................582
John Broster, Allison Chambers, Leslie Weston
A quick test for glyphosate resistance in annual ryegrass ...............................................................586
Aaron Preston, Joseph Moore, Jim Pratley and Gabriel Thelen
On-farm demonstrations of low-input methods for establishing legumes in central Queensland ..589
Joe O’Reagain, Gavin Peck, Stuart Buck, Scott Stevens
Pasture Roots and Nutritive Characteristics
Influence of fungal endophyte on plant water status, non-structural carbohydrate
content and biomass partitioning in Brachiaria grasses grown under drought stress .....................593
Kennedy Odokonyero, Juan Andres Cardoso Arango, Juan de la Cruz Jimenez Serna,
Idupulapati Madhusudana Rao and Tina Botwright Acuña
Broad NIRS calibrations to predict nutritional value of the southern feedbase .............................597
Hayley C Norman, Elizabeth Hulm, Alan W Humphries, Steve J Hughes, Robert Law, Trevor Rowe, Phil E Vercoe
Changes in rhizobia population over time in inoculated and uninoculated lucerne plants .............601
Kathryn Wigley, Hayley Ridgway, Qakathekile Khumalo, Derrick Moot
Soil carbon storage in the root zone of a perennial grass pasture ...................................................605
Phil Ward, Rob Wocheslander, David Ferris, Clinton Revell, Richard Harper
Lucerne root dynamics under defoliation regimes ..........................................................................609
Steve Clark, Zhongnan Nie, Meredith Mitchell, Vivianne Burnett, Kevin Smith, Kym Butler, Reto Zollinger,
Greg Seymour
Distribution of lucerne roots in summer-dry environments of southern Australia .........................613
Zhongnan Nie, Meredith Mitchell, Steve Clark Kevin Smith, Vivianne Burnett, Reto Zollinger, Greg Seymour
Nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of forage kale crops grown under
varying amounts of water and nitrogen fertiliser rates in shallow soils .........................................617
E. Chakwizira, J.M. de Ruiter and S. Maley
Nutrient Management 1
The feasibility of fertilising oats and forage sorghum with nitrogen and phosphorus
in the brigalow belt of Queensland .................................................................................................621
Stuart Buck, David Lawrence, Fred Chudleigh
Managing nitrogen nutrition under intensive cropping in low rainfall environments ....................625
Therese McBeath, Vadakattu Gupta, Rick Llewellyn, Bill Davoren and Michael Moodie
Nitrogen management: a key driver of farm business profit and risk in the low rainfall Mallee ...629
Michael Moodie, Therese McBeath, Ed Hunt, Jackie Ouzman, Marta Monjardino, Rick Llewellyn, Bill Davoren
Postnormal thinking: The need for a better understanding of what oil vulnerability
will mean for Australian agriculture ...............................................................................................633
Donald Hugh Coventry
Improving WUE of canola in central NSW ....................................................................................637
Rohan Brill, Maurie Street, Leigh Jenkins
Determining the extent of declining pasture productivity with nitrogen fertiliser .........................641
Stuart Buck, Brian Johnson, David Lawrence, Gavin Peck, Graham Kedzlie, Bradley Taylor, Rod O’Connor,
Joe O’Reagain, Suzette Argent, Tim Emery, Gina Mace
‘Topping up’ wheat with foliar P: getting the right combination of P formulation and adjuvant ...645
Courtney Peirce, Evelina Facelli, Therese McBeath and Mike J. McLaughlin
Production interactions between combinations of 4 perennial legumes and 5 perennial
grasses, grown under high input management with and without applications of nitrogen .............649
Rowan Smith, Eric Hall, Ross Corkrey, David Parsons, Keith Pembleton, and Richard Rawnsley
Nutrient Placement
A bioeconomic framework for phosphorus deep placement decisions ...........................................653
Andrew Zull, Mike Bell, Howard Cox, Jayne Gentry, Kaara Klepper
NPK fertilisers as agents for the biofortification of trace elements in wheat .................................657
Elliott Duncan, Margaret Roper, Cathryn O’Sullivan and Mark Peoples
Lessons learnt about nitrogen and phosphorus from a 30 year study in a sub-tropical
continuous cropping system on a vertosol ......................................................................................661
Bede O’Mara, Charlie Walker
Effect of deep placement of NPK briquette for rice yield maximization during Boro,
T Aus and T Aman seasons at different locations in Bangladesh ...................................................665
A.B.S Sarker,G. Ali, M. A. J. Mridha and M A Mazid Miah
Adding sulfur to finished fertilisers: inside or outside? ..................................................................669
Graeme Blair, Watson Matamwa, Isa Yunusa and Michael Faint
Response to deep placed P, K and S in central Queensland ............................................................673
Bell, D. Sands, D. Lester, R. Norton
Modelling soil organic carbon 2. Effects of stocking rate, nitrogen fertiliser and stubble
retention on changes across farming systems in eastern Australia .................................................677
De Li Liu, Garry O’Leary, Yuchun Ma, Annette Cowie, Frank Li, Malcolm McCaskill, Mark Conyers,
Ram Dalal, Fiona Robertson and Warwick Dougherty
Subsoil manuring in the high rainfall zone: a practice for ameliorating subsoils for
improved productivity .....................................................................................................................681
R Peries and J S Gill
Crop productivity and profitability improved by high analysis granular P over liquid P
or rock phosphate ............................................................................................................................685
Colin McMaster, Remy ven de Ven