1.2 How do stigma and discrimination affect lives of persons with mental illness?

194 Pages·2017·2.08 MB·English

by  Renuka Nardodkar

Structural Discrimination Against
Persons with Mental Illness

Renuka Nardodkar

“Any idiot can face a crisis – it's day-to-day living that wears you out”.
-Anton Chekov
Doctoral Committee:
Prof.Dr. J.E.W. Broerse
Prof. Dr. P. Wright
Prof. Dr. Irwanto
Prof. Dr. Ndetei
Dr. B.J. Regeer

Printing: Deepam Printing & Packaging, Sitabuldi, Nagpur.
Please cite as:
Nardodkar, R.M. (2017). Structural Discrimination Against Persons with Mental Illness
(Dissertation). Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Cover design: Renuka Nardodkar
© Renuka Nardodkar, Pune, India (2017)
All Rights Reserved. No part of this w ork may be reproduced by print, photocopy or any other
means without the written permission of the author.
VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT

STRUCTURAL DISCRIMINATION AGAINST
PERSONS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS

ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT

ter verkrijging van de graad Doctor aan
de Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam,
op gezag van de rector magnificus
prof.dr. V. Subramaniam,
in het openbaar te verdedigen
ten overstaan van de promotiecommissie
van de Faculteit der Bètawetenschappen
op woensdag 29 november 2017 om 9.45 uur
in de aula van de universiteit,
De Boelelaan 1105

door
Renuka Madhav Nardodkar
geboren te Nagpur, India
promotoren: prof.dr. J.F.G. Bunders-Aelen
prof.dr. M.A. Stein
copromotor: dr. S.R. Pathare
In dedication to those who kindly revealed their stories…
and to my parents for everything…
Table of Contents
Account ....................................................................................................................................... 1
Chapter 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Stigma of a health condition .............................................................................................. 4
1.2 How do stigma and discrimination affect lives of persons with mental illness ?.................. 5
1.3 Model of stigma and discrimination................................................................................... 8
1.4 Why do we need to explore structural discrimination? .................................................... 10
1.5 How can we study structural discrimination?................................................................... 10
Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 14
Chapter 2. Theoretical Framework ............................................................................................ 22
2.1 International Framework of Human Right s...................................................................... 22
2.2. Theories of stigma and discrimination ............................................................................ 31
Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 39
Chapter 3. Research Framework ................................................................................................ 47
3.1 Research Design .............................................................................................................. 47
3.2 Research Methodology .................................................................................................... 50
3.3 Research Validity ............................................................................................................. 54
3.4 Ethical considerations ...................................................................................................... 55
3.5 Framework of research studies ........................................................................................ 57
Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 58
Part I – Employment .................................................................................................................. 59
Chapter 4. Legal barriers ........................................................................................................... 59
Legal protection of the right to work and employment forp ersons with mental health
problems: a review of legislation across the world ................................................................ 59
Chapter 5. Social barriers .......................................................................................................... 79
Barriers to employment of persons with mental illness: a qualitative study from Gujarat, India
.............................................................................................................................................. 79
Chapter 6. Employment rate, nature and pattern of employmen .t............................................ 98
Cross-sectional study of employment of persons with mental illness in Gujarat, Ind .i.a......... 98
Part II – Marriage .................................................................................................................... 108
Chapter 7. Legal Barriers ......................................................................................................... 108
Legislative provisions related to marriage and divorce of persons with mental health
problems: a global review ................................................................................................... 108
Chapter 8. Legal Barriers ......................................................................................................... 120
Gender, mental illness and the Hindu Marriage Act, 195 5................................................... 120
Part III - Property ..................................................................................................................... 136
Chapter 9. Legal Barriers ......................................................................................................... 136
Right to property, inheritance, and contract and persons with mental illness ...................... 136
Part IV – Mental Health Care ................................................................................................... 151
Chapter 10. Legal Barriers ....................................................................................................... 151
The need to reform mental health legislation in Commonwealth countrie ..s....................... 151
Chapter 11. Discussion and Conclusions .................................................................................. 155
11.1 Barriers and structural discrimination .......................................................................... 155
11.2 Theoretical Considerations .......................................................................................... 164
11.3 Conclusions ................................................................................................................. 166
11.4 Validity of the findings ................................................................................................. 166
11.5 Future research ........................................................................................................... 168
Bibliography ........................................................................................................................ 169
Summary ................................................................................................................................. 178
Acknowledgement .................................................................................................................. 184