1083 Index a –emissionsfromstationarysources AbaqusMultiphysics 455 880–887 absorptionprocess 883 –gases 883–887 acceleratingratecalorimeter(ARC) 657–658 –globalwarming 879–880 accesscontrol 560–561 –greenhousegasemissions 886–887 aciddepositioncontrol 876–878 –historyofregulations 856–857 ACpolarityelectrodes 263 –indoorairquality,impactof 855,859, activatedcarbon 883 870–875 activehumanmodel 408,410 –majorairpollutants 855 activitydiagrams 691 –MercuryandAirToxicsStandards 883 adiabaticcompression 1056–1057 –mobilesource 887–889 adsorptionprocess 883 –nitrogenoxide 885–887 Aeolian 168,193 –outdoorairquality,impactof 859 aerobicorganisms 904 –smog 878–879 aggressive/defensivestyleculture 82 –taxcredits 892 agroterrorism 790 –UnitedStatesEPAestimates 855 air-operatedwrenches 294–295 –usingcyclonedustcollectors 883 airpollutants –usingelectrostaticprecipitators 881 –atmosphericfactors 858–861 –usingfabricfilters 881–883 –carbonmonoxide 855,859 –weatherimpact 860–861 –chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs) 859 AirPollutionControlActof1955 851,856 –landfilling,impactof 898,908 airsparging 905 –oxidesofsulfurandnitrogen 855,859 AlbertaBoilerSafetyAssociation(ABSA) 255 –particulates 855,859,863,867,870, alcohol/drug-freeworkplace 24–25 880–881,883 AllianceProgram 941 –problemswith 867–870 alternatingcurrent(AC)forwelding 262 –reactivevolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs) aluminumhydraulicshoring,excavation 855,859,862–863,865,867,870,872, protectionin 191–193 875,881,888 AmericanConferenceofGovernmental –sources 861–867 IndustrialHygienists(ACGIH) 797 airpollutioncontrol AmericanNationalStandardforPersonal –aciddeposition 876–878 Protection–ProtectiveFootwear 318 –alternativefuels 889,893 AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI) –bestpracticesandsolutions 889–891 304 –CleanAirActandAmendments(CAAA) AmericanPetroleumInstitute(API) 468 857–858 AmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials –effectivecontrolmeasures 876 (ASTM) 304 HandbookofLossPreventionEngineering,FirstEdition.EditedbyJ.M.Haight. ©2013Wiley-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA.Published2013byWiley-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA. 1084 Index AmericanSocietyofHeating,Refrigerating –plasticlimit(PL) 180 andAir-ConditioningEngineers(ASHRAE) –shrinkagelimit(SL) 180 859 auditplanforHES AmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineers –enterprise 21–22 (ASME) 236 –levelsandcontinuousimprovement AmericanSocietyofSafetyEngineers 22–24 (ASSE) 855 –oflosspreventionmanagementsystem AmericanWaterWorksAssociation 21–22 (AWWA) 778 –periodiccorporation 21 AmericanWeldingSociety(AWS) 261 AutoCADdesigningsystem 452 –classificationsystem 271 AutoDeskInventor 455 anisotropicsoil 193 auto-dimmingfilters 315 ANSIZ41Standard 318 autoignition 1056 ANSYS 455 autoignitiontemperature(AIT)ofavapor anthrax 790 1056 anthropometry 357–358 automatedsafetysystems 555 anthropomorphictestdummies(ATDs) –IEC61511standard 557 403–406 –RAGAGEPfor 557 –ellipsoidmeasure 406–407 AutomaticPressureTrackingAdiabatic –finiteelementmodel 409 Calorimeter(APTAC) 660–661 –percentilemeasures 405–406,411 autonomy 96–97,101–102 –tests 406 availableman-hoursinpreventingincidents anthropotechnicalsystem 35–36 –articulatedtotalbody(ATB)model 399 –creationofadequatemodelsof 399 b –generalizeddiagram 395 baghouses 881 –geometricmodeling 399,401 BakerPanelReport 6 –parametricmodels 401 BakerStrehlowTang(BST) 989 –percentilemeasures 405–406,411 balstdamages –problemofminimalspace 411–412 –duetoover-pressurization 1058–1062 –testdummies 403–406 –fragmentmissile 1062–1064 –andworkingenvironment 396 BarrierAnalysis 234 AnyBodyModelingSystem(AMS) 413 barrierstoenergy 234 apparentcohesion 193 basicprocesscontrolsystem(BPCS) 555, arcblast 155 559–560,562 arcflash 155 batchreactors 667 aromatichydrocarbons 1048 beachrock 170 Ascale(dBA)andCscale(dBC) 319–320 behavior-basedsafetyprocess(BBS) 16–17 aslowasreasonablypractical(ALARP) behavior-basedsafetysupportingtool 26 558 bell-bottompierhole 193 AssemblyBill(AB) 32,887 benching(benchingsystem) 193 ASSEstandardANSI/ASSEZ590.3 121 bench-scalecalorimeters 654 AssociationofOilandGasProducers TheBenefitsandCostsoftheCleanAirAct (OGP) 19 857 ASTMF-2412–2005 318 Bernoulli’sequations 981 ASTMF2413–2005 318 bestdemonstratedavailabletechnology ASTMInternational 304 (BDATs) 902 ATEX 95,969,971 BillC-45 472 atmosphericlayers 859–860 biofidelityofhumanbodymodels 403 atmospherictesting 150 –factorsaffecting 404 at-riskfactors 596–597 biogenicmaterials 170 Atterberglimitsofafine-grainedsoil biomechanics 180 –hand 363–366 –liquidlimit(LL) 180 –trunk 358–360 Index 1085 –types 357–358 c –wrist 360–363 CAD/CADDsoftware 449–451 bioremediation 903–904 caliche 171–172 bioterrorism 789–790 CanadaNationalEnergyBoardSafetyPlan BLEVE,seeboilingliquidexpandingvapor Guidelines 707 explosion 817 CanadianArcticPollutionPrevention blowoutmodeling 990 regulation 15 bodyprotectionduringwelding 266 CanadianCentreforOccupationalHealthand BODYSPACE 410 Safety(CCOHS) 14,916 boilersandpressurevessels CanadianSocietyforChemicalEngineering –bestpractices 248–250 (CSChE) 468 –calciumandmagnesiumtests 245 cap-and-tradesystem 887 –Canadiancodeshops 237 capillarystresses 194 –chemicalhandling 247–251 carbonfuel-burningindustriallifttrucks –codes,regulations,andtraining 235–238 344–345 –efficiencyofboilersystem 253 carbonmonoxide,effectsof 344 –feedwater 244–247 carbonpollutionallowances 887 –firedetectionandcontrol 256–257 carburizingflame 273 –firetubeboilers 238–239 carpaltunnelsyndrome(CTS) 357,368 –hazardanalysis 246–247 carpometacarpaljoint(CMC) 364 –incidentinvestigationof 257–258 CARVER+Shock 790 –monitoringregimesforfeedwaterquality Casagrande’splasticitychart 181 245 catalyticfluidized-bedreactorprocess 901 –operationconsiderations 240–244 catastrophicslopefailures 171 –safeguards 234–235,248–250 catastrophicstaticliquefaction 172 –specialconsiderationsforpressurevessels CATIA 450 255–256 cause–consequenceanalysis(CCA) 501,550 –steam-generationprocess 251–255 cave-in 194–195 –stepsinvolvedinboileroperationsgroup CCPSGuidelinesforMechanicalIntegrity 242–243 System 588 –typesof 238–240 CCPSGuidelinesfortheManagementof –watertreatmentprocesses 244–246 ChangeforProcessSafety 589 –watertubeboiler 239–240 cementedsands 171–172 –workerprotectionduringchemicalhandling cementedsoil 195 250–251 CenterforArmyLessonsLearned 938 boilingliquidexpandingvaporexplosion CenterforChemicalProcessSafety(CCPS) (BLEVE) 257,817 468,555,643,942 Booleanoperations 452 –processSafetyIncidentDatabase(PSID) botulin 790 643 bow-tieanalysis(BTA) 501,550–551 CentersforDiseaseControl(CDC) 778 BPTexasCityaccident2007 943 cervicalvertebrae 358 BritishPetroleumDeepwaterblowoutincident ChallengeProgram 941 (Macondowellincident)2010 4,21 changemanagementplan(CMP) 725, BritishPetroleumTexasCityRefinery 732–743 explosion2005 4 checklist 501,544–545 BritishStandardEN60079–10 985 ChemicalEmergencyPreparednessand BureauofLaborStatistics(BLS) 328 PreventionOffice(CEPPO)website 1013 BureauofOceanEnergyManagement, ChemicalProcessAnalyzer(CPA)reaction Regulation,andEnforcement(BOEMRE) calorimeter 655 470 chemicalreactionhazards 639–641,seealso BureauofSafetyandEnvironmental heatofreactioncalculations;reaction Enforcement(BSEE) 470 hazardidentification businessplanning(HES) 19–20 –assessmentofchemicalreactionrisks butylchemical-protectivegloves 308 663–666 1086 Index chemicalreactionhazards(contd.) chlor-alkaliindustryandhazardouswaste –basisofsafetyselection 673–676 management 900 –emergencyreliefsystemdesign 672–673 chlorinedioxide 905 –identifyingprocesscontrols 666–673 claysofhighplasticity(CH) 175 –NFPAHazardRating 674 CleanAirActAmendmentsof1990 707, –processsafeguards 675 942–943 –protectionagainstacatastrophicincident CleanAirActandAmendments(CAAA) 857 641 closed-loopcycle 374 –safeguards 668–673 Clostridiumbotulinum 790 –safetyobjectives 674 coalminingindustry –SISsafeguards 672 –analysesofreasonsandcircumstancesof chemical-resistantgloves 307–310 accidents 449 –ASTMF903–10specification 309 –assessmentofFOPSs(fallingobject –ASTMMethodF739–07specification 309 protectivestructures)andROPSs –butyl 308 (roll-overprotectivestructures) 454–456 –EN374–2:2003specification 309 –assessmentofhazardsusingCAD/CADD –EN374–3:2003specification 309 systems 449–451 –laminate 307 –detectionofcollisionsduringtransport –madeofnitrile 309 operation 451–454 –madeofViton 308 –methodsforeliminationofanyoccupational –possiblefailuresof 308 risks 448–449 –testingfordegradation 309 –Polish 446–448 –testingforpenetrationresistance 309 –technicalhazardsassociatedwith 448–449 –testingforpermeability 309 –virtualprototypingofmachines 457–460 chemicals,designprogressesforhandling coarse-grainedsoils 173 –ANSIhierarchyofcontrols 809,823 cognitivetaskanalysis(CTA) 377–378 –categoriesforhazardratinglabels 798–799 cohesionbetweenclayparticles 173 –chemicalanalysisspreadsheet 800, cohesivesoilclay(fine-grainedsoil) 195 803–804 collapsiblesoils 168–169 –closedsystem,useof 813–814 collisiondetectionduringtransportoperation –compatibilityissues 803 451–454 –controllinghazards 808–818 colluvialsoil 195 –controlofreleasesandspills 805–806 colluvium 170–171 –deliverytofacility 801–802 ColoredPetriNets(CPNs) 693 –disposingofchemicals 806 combustibles,isolationof 146 –exhaustventilation 811–812 combustionofexplosion 1050–1051 –hoods 812 commissioningofSIScomponents 585 –monitoringandmonitoringdevices 816 common-causefailures(CCFs) 563,625 –OSHArequirements 807–808 CommonLookandFeelStandard(CLF) 16 –processofautomation 814–815 communityemergencyresponseteam(CERT) –refiningoperationprocess 798 774 –scrubbers,useof 812–813 competence 97–98,102–105 –separationofchemicals 815–816 competentperson,definedOSHA 160,195 –storageaspects 801–802 ComprehensiveEnvironmentalResponse, –useofchemicalsinprocess 803 Compensation,andLiabilityAct(CERCLA) –wastecollectionsitewithseparations 815 902 ChemicalSafetyandHazardInvestigation computationalfluiddynamics(CFD) 446, Board(CSB) 639 457–460 ChemicalSafetyBoard(CSB) 470 computer-aideddesignanddrafting(CADD) chemicalstabilization/fixation 908 449 ChemicalWasteManagement,Inc.vstheEPA computer-aideddesign(CAD)-basedmodeling 907 397,400–402 Chernobylaccident 2008,705 –ofaworkingenvironment 426–436 CHETAH 645 concentratedexplosions 1048–1049 Index 1087 conditionalmodifiers 596,598 coolanttemperature 665 conductedproductionprocessand coolingrequirements 653 maintenanceprocesses 437–439 corallinedebris 170 conepenetrometertest 183 corallinesoils 170 confinedspace 149–151,826–827 coralreef 170 –casestudy 151 cordedelectricdrill 289 –engineeringcontrolsfor 150 cordlessbattery-drivendrill 289 –hazardsassociatedwithworkingin 150 CorporateAverageFuelEconomy(CAFE) –importanceoftrainingworkersin 151 program 889–891 –non-permit 149 CorrectiveActionandPreventiveAction –peopleworkingunderground 411 (CAPA)systems 919 –permit-required 149–150 correctiveactionprograms(CAPs) 726, –samplepermit 152 728–729,731 ConfinedSpacesRegulations 1997,145 costanalysisofindustrialinjuries consolidated-drained(CD)test 185 –benefit–costanalysis 56 consolidated-undrained(CU)test 185 –costsavings 56–57 constructioncontract 749 –decision-makingwithsubjective continuousmoderulesforSILdetermination humanitariansentiments 64 563 –direct 55–56 continuousreactors 668 –financialconsiderationsofalossprevention continuousstirredtankreactor(CSTR) engineeringproject 66–69 668 –indirect 56 contractingphilosophyandHESprocesses –internalrateofreturn(IRR) 64–65 15 –minimumacceptablerateofreturn(MARR) contractor–operatorrelationshipmodels 55,61,64 759–761 –modifiedacceleratedcostrecoverysystem –‘‘handsoff’’legalperspective 761 (MACRS) 61 –insidethefence 759–760 –netpresentvalue(NPV) 59–63 –runningloose 760–761 –payoutperiod 56–57,65–66 contractorsafetymanagement –productivitysavings 56–57 –businessrelationshipcycle 754–758 –returnoninvestment(ROI) 56–57 –comparingmultiplecompanies 769–770 –savingsareduetoreducedriskand –contractorperspectiveofsafety 748–749 compliancecosts 61 –contracts,importanceof 749–750 –timevalueofmoney 58–59 –gradingcontractors 768–769 costsavingswithsafetymeasures 7 –issuesandspecialconsiderations 761–763 Coulombequation 184 –lossmetrics 767–768 couplingmultiplier(CM) 367–368 –No-Gocriteria 767 crashcooling 672 –performanceindicatorsofindustry CrashVictimSimulation(CVS) 407 regulators 765 criticaltemperature 653,662–663 –processmodelofmanagement 750–754 crossbraces 195 –purpose 758–759 cross-functionalincidentreporting 921 –questionnairesandcontractorranking cross-functionalteamsupport 13–14 systems 763–770 cue–responsepatterns 375 –rankingcontractors 764 culturallyrelatedsafetyperformance 78 –selectionofbestcontractor 758–759 custom-designeddentalscalinginstruments –terminology 748 369 ControlofMajorAccidentHazards cutting Regulations(COMAH)1999 145 –oxy-fuelgascutting(OFC) 272–273 ControlofSubstancesHazardoustoHealth –plasma 274–275 Regulations(COSHH)2002 145 –safety 273–274 ConventionforthePreventionofMajor cyberterrorism 791 IndustrialAccidents 466 cyclicwet–dryweatheringprocess 171 conveyors 225 cyclonedustcollectors 883 1088 Index d emergencyegress/exitsystem 118 dangerousfailure 562 emergencypreparednessandresponse DangerousSubstancesandExplosive –acceptedsafepractice 774 AtmospheresRegulations 2002,145 –airplanecrashes 779 DCpolarityelectrodes 263 –engineeringcontrol 778 de-energizingcontrolcircuits 560 –familyemergencyplansfromAmericanRed deep-seatedvolumechangesinexpansivesoils Cross 775 169 –health/medical 778,780–782 Define–Measure–Analyze–Improve–Control –high-risebuildingfires 779 (DMAIC) 918 –duringhurricaneandtsunami 778–779 deflagration 976–977 –mitigationactivities 774 degradablematerials 171 –NFPAdefinition 773–774 demandmodesystem 563 –phases 777 desiccationcrackformation 169,195 –protectionforworkersatGroundZero desirableregion 38 780–781 destructionofwaste 900 –recoveryactivities 777 DIERS(DesignInstituteforEmergencyRelief –sandbaggingmeasure 778 Systems)research 659 –terroristattacks 779 diffuseexplosion 1048 –watersupplyalternatives 778 digitalhumanmodels 410–414 emergencyshutdowns,effectof 562 directcurrentreversepolarity(DCRP)for employeeengagementinorganizations 90, welding 262–263 95,103 directcurrentstraightpolarity(DCSP)for EnergyandResourcesControlBoard(ERCB) welding 262 254 directsheartests 184 EnergyTaxActof 1978,891 dischargecoefficient 1065 energytransfermechanism 232 dispersionmodels 1067–1068 engineeringcontrols,hierarchyof 209 distalinterphalangealjoint(DIP) 364 engineeringeconomics 57–59,seealsocost 3Dlaserscanningmethod 401 analysisofindustrialinjuries documentmanagementsystem 566 –decision-making 59 DOORS(DynamicObjectOriented –frequentlyusedpracticesandelementsof RequirementsSystem) 693 58 driverassistancesystems(DASs) 388 –netpresentvalue(NPV) 59–63 dryingtest 178–179 Englishengineeringunits 1062 drysoil 195 Enron 91 drysteam 253 enthalpy 253 drystrengthtest 177 entryrescue 151 dummies.seeanthropomorphictestdummies environmental,health,andsafety(EHS) (ATDs) supportperson 920 dynamites 1049 environmentalprotectionlayers 596 EquilonEnterprisesOilRefinery 706 e equipmentmalfunctions 4 economicjustificationforresourceallocation errors,taxonomyof 689 planning 36 EUDirective89/686/EEConPPE 304 edge-to-facealignmentofclayplates 172 EuropeanCommitteeforStandardization effectivestress 173–174,195 318 electricalhazards 126–127,154–155 EuropeanUnionlaw(SevesoIIDirective) 6 ElectricityatWorkRegulations1989 145 Europeanwasteexchanges 910 6010electrode 263 EuropeanWorkshoponIndustrialComputer 6011electrode 263 Systems(EWICS) 555 7014electrode 263 eventtreeanalysis(ETA) 501,549–550 7024electrode 264 excavationhazards 159,seealsoexcavation electromyography(EMG) 357–358 protectivesystems electrostaticprecipitators 881,884 –environmentalimpacts 160–162 Index 1089 –FederalOSHA’sregulationonexcavation failuremodes,effects,anddiagnosticsanalysis safety 162–166 (FMEDA) 580 –incidentalhazards 162 fatalandnon-fatalunintentionalinjuries 31 –modesoffailurefor 160 faultsimulationofcontrolsystems(FSCSs) –riskassociatedwith 159 211 –secondarycollapse 161 faulttolerance 562 excavationprotectivesystems 185–192 faulttreeanalysis(FTA) 211,501,548–549 excessporepressures 195 faulttrees 576 expandedpolystyrene(EPS) 120 FederalOSHA’sregulationonexcavation expansivesoils 169 safety 162–166 explosionmodeling 989–990 –basisofclassification 176 –basics 1043–1046 –layeredsystem 176 –blastfragmentmissiledamage 1062–1064 –manualtests 177–181 –breakagesinfuel-carryingconduitsand –OSHAsoilclassificationsystem 166–168 tanks 1064–1067 –reclassification 176 –characteristics 1046–1047 –requiremnetsforspoils 173 –combustionofexplosion 1050–1051 –soil’sstability 166 –concentratedexplosions 1048–1049 –testingofsoils 176–185 –diffuseexplosion 1048 –visualandmanualanalyses 176 –dispersionaspects 1067–1068 –visualtests 176–177 –ofadustorgasduetooverpressure FederalWaterPollutionControlAct 898 1058–1062 Feyzinincident 1984,470 –effectsofexplosion 1049–1050 fingerguards 226 –flammableorexplosivelimits 1051–1053 finiteelementmodels –‘‘plume’’releasecoefficients 1068–1069, –ofATDs 409 1071–1074 –human 409–410 –‘‘puff’’releasecoefficients 1069–1070, fireanalysis 1074–1076 –blowout 990 –releaseofflammablematerial 1064–1065 –explosion 989–990 –fireball 986 –stoichiometriccombustionreaction –jetfire 986 1053–1055 –poolfire 986–988 –vaporcloudexplosions(VCOs) 1047–1048 –radiantheat 988 exponentialdecayofareleaserate 983 –regressionrates 987 extrudedpolystyrene(XPS) 120 –smoke 988–989 eyeandfaceprotection 312 firebrigadepersonnel 133–134 –ANSIZ87.1specification 312–313,316 firedynamics –auto-dimmingfilters 315 –accuracyofflamelengthprediction 963 –EN166specification 313–314 –designandanalysisofprotectivebarriers –faceshields 314 963 –general 312–315 –dispersionestimation 984–985 –fromIRand/orUVradiation 315 –explosion 976–978 –forlaser 316–317 –fireafterexplosion 978–980 –OTG-typesafetyglasses 313–314 –firegrowth 975–976 –prescriptionsafetyglasses 314 –firetypes 971–975 –safetyglassesandgoggles 312–313 –firststage 962–963 –forwelding,burning,andbrazingactivities –gasbuild-upinenclosedspaces 985 264–265,315–316 –gasreleases 982–983 –liquidreleases 981–982 f –multiphasereleases 983 fabricfilters 881–883 –passivefireprotection 963 factoryacceptancetest(FAT) 583,585 –performancerequirements 963 failuremodeandeffectsanalysis(FMEA) –pipelines 983–984 211,501,547–548 –residualrisk,analysisof 964–965 1090 Index firedynamics(contd.) –blocklayoutandroads 1010–1011 –stagesinfireaccident 965–971 –criticalequipment 1008–1009 –subseareleases 990–992 –designbasics 1001–1003 –workedexamples 992–993 –drainagesystemdesign 1005 fireextinguishingsystem –electricalareaclassifications 1006–1007 –firefightingmethods 1028–1033 –equipmentaccessandlayout 1009 –firewaterdistributionlines 1032 –equipmentspacing 1005–1007 –inspectionof 1033–1035 –evacuationroutes 1010 –maintenancecheck 1035 –facilitylayoutandconstruction –meansofmeasuringandcontrollingfire considerations 1003–1004 hazardsofmaterials 1045 –fireproofingdimensions 1006–1007 –singlefireconcept 1028 –formsofprotection 1000–1001 –sprinklersystems 1032–1033 –localconditions,designfor 1007–1008 –useofwater 1028–1032 –losspreventionprofessional,roleof 1036 firefighting,protectiveequipmentfor –NGVfuelingstation,designfor 322 1014–1015 firelosscontrolprograms –oilandgasfacilities 1013–1014 –alarm,response,andaction 128 –plant-to-plantspacing,designfor –approachestotreatingrisk 116 1011–1012 –bestpractices 127 –practicaloperationsconsiderations –constructioncontractors 117 1016–1017 –consultants,roleof 117 –restrictedandunrestrictedroads 1011 –designconsiderations 118–125 –security 1009 –detailedevacuationprocedures 128 –spacingoflayout 1004–1005 –effectiveplanfor 127–128 –suppressionofexplosions 1035–1036 –elements 116–118 –temporarybuildings 1012–1013 –emergencyegress/exitsystem 118 –utilities 1009 –employees,roleof 117 firereporting –factorscausingloss 121 –estimatedloss 1027 –fireimpairmentmanagement 128–131 –preparationofreport 1025–1026 –firemonitoringprocess 125 –recordablefire 1025 –firepumpsystems 128 –reportablefire 1024–1025 –firewallsandpartitions 117 –reportform 1026–1027 –hazardsisolation 117 –rootcauseanalysisofthefire 1022–1024 –highlyprotectedrisk(HPR)standards –sourceoffuelandoxygen 1021,1026 115 –sourceofignition 1026–1027 –identifyingelectricalhazards 126–127 –typesoffirereported 1024 –impairmentprocedure 127–128 firetubeboiler(‘‘Scotchboiler’’) 238–239 –jobstatusboard 126 –disadvantagesof 239 –LifeSafetyCode(NFPA 101),118 firewallsandpartitions 117 –motor-drivenfirepump 128 fit-for-purposemanagementsystem 7 –notification 128 ‘‘FiveWhy’’concept 17,929 –policystatement 116 Flixboroughincident 1984,470,706 –PREPSurvey 135–140 floatingrooftankoperationconsiderations –preventinglosses 122–126 1017–1018 –rolesandresponsibilities 116–118 floor-mountedrailways 452,454 –selectionofmaterials 118–121 flowexperiences 97 –servicevendors 117 fluegasdesulfurizationsystems 884–885 –specialsprinklerprotection 120 fluidmechanics –structuralintegrity 117 –throughahole 1066–1067 –systemreadiness 127–128 –throughleaks 1065–1066 –weldingaspects 124 fluidoxidationprocess 906 firepreventionandprotection flu-likesymptomsofmetalfumefever 266 –basicprinciples 999–1001 –traditionaltreatment 266 Index 1091 fluxcore 268 h FMGlobal 144 hand–armvibrationsyndrome 357 foamplastics 120 handbiomechanics 363–366 FOPSs(fallingobjectprotectivestructures) –application 368–369 454–456 –EMGmodel 365 forward-facingtransportation 453 –ergonomicstoidentifyfingermovements freeze–thawweatheringprocess 171 365 FuelCellMotorVehicleTaxCredit 892 –Eulerangles 365 fuel-poweredtools 283 –handbones 364 Fukushimanuclearpowerplantexplosion –handmuscles 364 2011,779 –model 365 functionallosspreventionmanagement –movementsofflexion/extension 365 systems 7 –studyexamples 366 functionalsafety 556 –tendonpulleymodelofLandsmeer 365 –application-specificstandardsIEC61508 handprotection 306–307 556 –ANSI/ISEA105–2011specification 310 –EN50128forrailwaysystems 556 –chemical-resistantgloves 307–310 –engineeringstandards 556 –fromcutsandpunctures 310–311 –IEC61513coveringsafety-relatedsystemsin –againstelevatedtemperaturesandflame nuclearplants 556 311–312 –IEC62061formachinerysafety 556 –EN388:2003specification 310 –IEC61800–5–2forvariable-speeddrives –EN407specification 311 556 –EN1082–1:1996specification 310 –IEC61508standard 556 –forflashfireandelectricarcexposures 323 –ISO26262standard 556 –generalworkgloves 306 functionalsafetyassessments 586 –madeofKevlar 311 functionalsafetymanagementplan 566 –materialsusedforgloves 307 fusing 271 –metalchainmailgloves 311 –specialtyorhazard-specificgloves g 306–307 gasdesulfurizationsystems 883–885 handprotectionduringwelding 265 GasGuzzlerTax 889,891 hazardandoperability(HAZOP)studies gasmetalarcwelding(GMAW) 261 501,546 GeneralMotors(GM) 104 hazardidentificationmethodologies 665 generalworkgloves 306 HazardousandSolidWasteAmendments GeneratorofBodyData(GEBOD) 407 (HSWA)of 1984,898 geotechnicalengineers’classificationofsoil hazardousatmosphere 196 167–168 HazardousMaterialsIdentificationSystem GermanInstituteforStandardization (HMIS) 798 555 hazardousoperations 117,123–124 globalshippingindustry 100 hazardousorganics,treatmentof 904 globalwarming 879–880 hazardouswaste glovesandsafetyfootwear –exchanges 909–910 –powertools 282,286 –ExecutiveOrder 12856,901 ® Gore-Tex 106 –impacts 897–898 grain-to-grainpoint-contactwelding 172 –life-cycleassessment(LCA) 910–911 granularsoil 196 –managementstrategies 899 gravels 174 –minimizationandpollutionprevention greenhouseeffect 880 strategies 901–903 greenhousegaslaw 887 –primaryobjectiveofwasteregulation 898 grossvehicleweightrating(GVWR) 889 –processmodificationsformanagementof GroundZeropersonnel 780 899–901 groupcontributionmethodinheatformation –recyclingof 901 644 –regulations 898–899 1092 Index hazardouswaste(contd.) hotwork 145–149 –remediationandtreatment 899–900 –casestudies 149 –technologiesforremediation 903–909 –cleaningand/orpurgingoperationforsafety HazardseverityunderHealth,Flammability, 146 andReactivity 799 –definition 145 hazardsregister 509 –factorsconsidered 145 hazardvulnerabilityanalysis(HVA) 777,779 –FMGlobalpractice 147 headprotection 304–306 –samplepermit 148 –bumpcaps 305 –andsitemanagement 146 –industrialsafetyhelmets 304–306 hotworkpractices 122–123,125 –specificationsandtestingrequirementsfor humanattention 374 safetyhelmets 306 humanbodymodeling 402–403 health,environmental,andsafety(HES) –biofidelity 403 program 3 –finiteelement 409–410 –auditsof 21–24 –multi-body 408–409 –businessplanning 18–20 humancharacteristicsandsafetyimplications –exampleprocessesbycategory 12 208 –implementationstrategytoactivate 20–21 humancognition 374–375 –opportunitiesforcontinuousimprovement humandecision-making 378 21 humanelementprograms 122 –organogram 13 humanfactors(HF)perspective 373, –policies 14 534–535 –processes 15 –accidentsduringovertakingmaneuvers –processesapproachandstructure 15–18 387–388 –regulatoryrequirements 14–15 –cognitivetaskanalysis(CTA) 377–378 –resourcingpersonnelwithHESexpertise –hierarchicaltaskanalysis(HTA) 378 12–14 –human-centeredinterfacedesign 382–384 –visionandobjectives 10–11 –processengineering 379–384 HealthandSafetyatWorkAct 1974,145 –rear-endcollisions,studyonjudgmentsof hearingprotectivedevice(HPD) 319–322 386 –OccupationalNoiseExposureStandardsfor –situationawareness(SA) 378–379 generalindustry 322 –skill-,rule-,andknowledge-(SRK)based heat-andspark-producingequipment 123 model 375–377 heatgun 297–298 –time-to-contact,studyonjudgmentsof heatofdesiredreaction 653 384–386 heatofreactioncalculations –understandingrootcauseoftrafficaccidents –Bensongroupcontributionmethod 644 384–388 –bondenergysummation 644 –visualizationsofoperations 380–382 –computerprogramsfor 645 humanhealthandnatural/technicalhazards –heatformation 644 396 –incompatibilities 645 humaninformationprocessing 374 –oxygenbalanceofanorganiccompound humaninterfaces 561 644–645 humanisticorganizations 99–100 heatreleaserate 654 –autonomy 101–102 hierarchicaltaskanalysis(HTA) 378 –competence 102–105 highlyprotectedrisk(HPR)standards 115 –relatedness 105–106 high-profileprocesssafetyincidents 4 humankinematics,analysisof 410 high-temperatureoperations,protectionfrom human–machineinterface(HMI) 563,582 322–323 humanresourcesmanager 36 high-temperatureoxidationprocess 907 HumanSynergistics 80 high-throughputmarinesteamgenerators human–systemsintegration(HSI) 681, 245 684–689 hold-to-runcontrols 217 –functionsperformedwithautomation homogeneouscohesivesoils 173 687–688
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