1 STATE Breakout Alphabetically Arranged DEADLIEST AMERICAN DISASTERS AND LARGE ...

322 Pages·2017·2.73 MB·English

STATE Breakout

Alphabetically Arranged

DEADLIEST AMERICAN DISASTERS AND LARGE LOSS-OF-LIFE EVENTS

A Catalog of, and Notes on, Natural and Man-Made Events Causing Ten or More Fatalities
in America/The United States and its Territories
Since 1492

B. Wayne Blanchard, PhD
Blue Ridge Summit, PA

Copyright August 2017

Dec 30, 2017

1
1. Alabama 167 Alphabetical Order
2. Alaska 87
3. Arizona 99
4. Arkansas 141
5. California 425
6. Colorado 110
7. Connecticut 69
8. Delaware 30
9. District of Columbia 24
10. Florida 194
11. Georgia 146
12. Hawaii 55
13. Idaho 28
14. Illinois 274
15. Indiana 150
16. Iowa 74
17. Kansas 70
18. Kentucky 117
19. Louisiana 247
20. Maine 54
21. Maryland 93
22. Massachusetts 329
23. Michigan 179
24. Minnesota 65
25. Mississippi 166
26. Missouri 196
27. Montana 38
28. Nebraska 51
29. Nevada 46
30. New Hampshire 31
31. New Jersey 203
32. New Mexico 64
33. New York 507
34. North Carolina 150
35. North Dakota 17
36. Ohio 228
37. Oklahoma 129
38. Oregon 81
39. Pennsylvania 416 Puerto Rico 19
40. Rhode Island 40
41. South Carolina 111
42. South Dakota 28
43. Tennessee 135
44. Texas 328
45. Utah 43
46. Vermont 21
47. Virginia 153
48. Washington 98
49. West Virginia 126
50. Wisconsin 88
51. Wyoming 32
2
1. New York 507 Deadliest State Listing by Incidence Rate–High to Low
2. California 425
3. Pennsylvania 416
4. Massachusetts 329
5. Texas 328
6. Illinois 274
7. Louisiana 247
8. Ohio 228
9. New Jersey 203
10. Missouri 196
11. Florida 194
12. Michigan 179
13. Alabama 167
14. Mississippi 166
15. Virginia 153
16. Indiana 150
17. North Carolina 150
18. Georgia 146
19. Arkansas 141
20. Tennessee 135
21. Oklahoma 129
22. West Virginia 126
23. Kentucky 117
24. South Carolina 111
25. Colorado 110
26. Arizona 99
27. Washington 98
28. Maryland 93
29. Wisconsin 88
30. Alaska 87
31. Oregon 81
32. Iowa 74
33. Kansas 70
34. Connecticut 69
35. Minnesota 65
36. New Mexico 64
37. Hawaii 55
38. Maine 54
39. Nebraska 51
40. Nevada 46
41. Utah 43
42. Rhode Island 40
43. Montana 38
44. Wyoming 32
45. New Hampshire 31
46. Delaware 30
47. Idaho 28
48. South Dakota 28
49. District of Columbia 24 Puerto Rico 19
50. Vermont 21
51. North Dakota 17
3
Color Key

Avalanche/Snowslide
Aviation
Carbon Monoxide/Gasoline Fumes Poisoning
Disease (Communicable)
Drownings
Dust Storms
Earthquakes
Environmental (Smog)
Explosions
Fire, Structural
Fire, Wildfires, Forest, Prairie Fires
Flooding
Heat Wave
Hurricanes and Tropical Storms
Landslides, Mudslides, Debris Flows
Lightning
Maritime and Inland Waterways.
Mining
Rail
Structural Failure
Tainted Medications
Tornadoes
Tsunami
Vehicular -- Road/Highway
Violence
Volcano eruption
Wind Storms/Severe Thunderstorms
Wood Alcohol Poisoning
Winter Weather, Snow and Cold

4
AL Alabama

1. 1540 – Oct 18, Spanish (de Soto) battle/massacre, with Atahachi, Mabila, AL --2,500-6,000
2. 1813 – Aug 30, Creeks Massacre militia/settlers, Fort Mims, Baldwin County, AL –250-517
3. 1813 – Sep 1, Creek Indians Massacre two families in Clarke County, AL -- 12
4. 1813 – Nov 3, Tallushatchee Battle /Massacre, Gen. Coffee destroys Creek Vil., AL-- 300
5. 1813 – Nov 18, Hillabee Massacre, US Troops attack Creek Vil. Suing for peace, AL-- 61
6. 1819 – July 27-28, Bay St. Louis Hurricane, Mobile AL (also LA and MS) --43-200
7. 1819 – Aug 15-Nov 30, Yellow Fever Epidemic, Mobile, AL -- 274
8. 1825 – July-Oct, Yellow Fever Epidemic, Mobile, AL -- >55
9. 1829 – Fall, 1st case Aug 14, Yellow Fever Epidemic, Mobile, AL -- 130
10. 1836 – Mar 12-13, Steamboat Ben Franklin Boiler Explosion, Mobile, AL --11-30
11. 1837 – Sep 20-Nov 30, Yellow Fev., Mobile; also Creeks at Mobile Pt., Pass Christ. 230-350
12. 1839 – Aug 11-Oct 20, Yellow Fever Epidemic, Mobile, AL -- 650
13. 1842 – Feb 25, Steamboat North Star Boiler Explosion & Fire, Tuscaloosa, AL --15-16
14. 1842 – Aug 20 start, Yellow Fever Epidemic, Mobile, AL --60-70
15. 1843 – Aug 18-Nov 5, Yellow Fever Epidemic, Mobile, AL 240-750
16. 1844 – Aug 14 start, Yellow Fever Epidemic, Mobile, AL -- 40
17. 1847 – Jan 29, Steamer Tuscaloosa, Boiler Explosion, 10M from Mobile, AL -- 11
18. 1847 – Aug 02, start, Yellow Fever Epidemic, Mobile, AL -- 78
19. 1848 – May 27, Steamboat H. Kenney Boiler Explosion, Tombigbee River, AL -- 8-50
20. 1848 – Aug 18, 1st case, Yellow Fever Epidemic, Mobile, AL --24-76
21. 1849 – Sum-Wtr., Cholera Epidemic, especially Mobile, AL -- 150
22. 1849 – Yellow Fever, Mobile, AL --21-50
23. 1850 – Mar 4, Steamer Orline St. John Burns, AL Riv. ~Bridgeport Landing, AL --30-70
24. 1850 – Nov 21, 25 or 26, Steamer Antoinette Douglas Boiler Explos., AL Riv., AL -- 9-30
25. 1851 – Feb? Cholera, Steamer Arkansas, Tallapoosa River, Mobile to Wetumpka, AL-- 52
26. 1853 – July 13-Dec 16, Yellow Fever, Dog River, Mobile, Montgomery, Selma, AL --1,291
27. 1855 – Yellow Fever, Montgomery, AL -- 30
28. 1858 – Mar 1, Steamer Eliza Battle Fire/Explosion, Kemp’s Landing ~Demopolis AL--29-90
29. 1858 – Aug, 1st case, Yellow Fever Epidemic, Mobile, AL -- 70
30. 1860 – Typhoid Fever (AL subset of 19,236 deaths in 38 “registration” States and DC)1--836
31. 1860 – Sep 17-18, Storm, R. H. Dixie wrecked, Bay of Mobile, off AL -- 16
32. 1860 – Nov 3, Steam Towboat Baltic Explosion, Mobile, AL -- 20
33. 1865 – Smallpox, Mobile, AL2 -- 100
34. 1865 – May 25, Mobile Magazine Explosion, Mobile AL -- 300
35. 1867 – Nov 17, Steamboat Onward burns, Alabama River, Bells Ledge, AL -- 11
36. 1868 – May 5, Tornadoes, Pickens, Tuscaloosa, Talladega Counties, AL -- 12
37. 1870 – Measles (AL subset of 9,237 measles deaths nationwide)3 -- 403
38. 1870 -- ~Aug-Oct, Yellow Fever, Mobile, AL -- 100
39. 1871 – Aug 27, Steamboat Ocean Wave Boiler Explos., Point Clear ~Mobile, AL --34-75
40. 1873 – June-Aug, Cholera Epidemic, especially Birmingham and Huntsville, AL4 -- 194

1 Was the second leading reported cause of death in the State in 1860, behind pneumonia.
2 There was also smallpox in Montgomery, but do not know the fatalities.
3 In terms of largest loss of life per state AL was 7th behind NY/1073, MO/860, IL/702, OH/621, PA/554, VA/407.
4 Became epidemic late June – about half the 4,000 residents of Birmingham fled the area; economy devastated.
5
Alabama (continued)

41. 1873 – Aug 22-Nov 19, Yellow Fever epidemic, Montgomery, also Mobile5 --151-159
42. 1874 – Nov 22, Tornadoes, Colbert, Lauderdale, Shelby Counties, AL --12-16
43. 1875 – May 1, Tornadoes (2) AL -- 37
44. 1878 – Aug-Nov 10, Yellow Fever, esp. Decatur, Florence, Mobile, and Tuscumbia -- 250
45. 1879 – June-May 1880, “Malarial Fever,” (AL subset, 20,231 such deaths in U.S.)6 --1,232
46. 1883 – Sep 12-Nov 6, Yellow Fever Outbreak, Brewton, AL -- 28
47. 1884 – Feb 19, Tornadoes, especially Jefferson, Pike, Shelby, St. Clair Counties, AL-27-210
48. 1884 – April 2, Tornadoes, Blount and Madison Counties, AL -- 10
49. 1885 – Nov 6, Tornado, Dallas County, Near Selma, AL -- 13
50. 1886 – Dec 28, Fire, Steamer/Boarding House Bradish Johnson, Jackson, AL -- ~24
51. 1887 – Mar 01, Steamer W.H. Gardner Burns, Tombigbee River, ~Gainesville, AL -- 20
52. 1888 – Dec 08, Hawes Lynch Mob fired on, Jefferson Co. Jail, Birmingham, AL --10-15
53. 1891 – May 22, Mine Explosion, Pratt No. 1 Shaft Coal Mine, Pratt City, AL -- 11
54. 1893 – Oct 1-2, Hurricane Cheniere Caminanda, Mobile, AL (~2,000 in LA) -- 12
55. 1894 – June, Labor Violence, Coal Miners Strike and Violence, North AL -- 10
56. 1897 – Yellow Fever Outbreak, Bay Minette, Flomaton, Whistler, esp. Mobile, AL -- 57
57. 1899 – March 18, Tornadoes (3), AL -- 16
58. 1900 – Typhoid Fever (AL subset of 35,379 typhoid fever deaths nationwide)7 --1,713
59. 1901 -- March 25, Tornado, Jefferson Co. (Birmingham/Avondale/Irondale), AL --16-25
60. 1902 – March 26-27, Flooding, especially northwest of Decatur, AL -- 11
61. 1902 – Sep 01, Excursion Train Derailment, Southern Railway, near Berry, AL8 -- 30
62. 1902 – Sep 20, Shiloh Church Stampede, Birmingham, AL -- 115
63. 1903 – April 8, Tornadoes (2), Leesburg, Hopewell, Summit, AL -- 20
64. 1903 – May 24, Tornadoes (3), Franklin, Kearney, Adams, Webster, Clay Co. AL -- 14
65. 1904 – Jan 22, Tornado, Hale-Tuscaloosa Counties (Moundville), AL -- 37
66. 1905 – Feb 20, Mine Explosion, Coal Mine Virginia City, AL -- 160
67. 1906 – Feb 27, Mine Explosion, Little Cahaba Coal Mine, Piper, AL -- 12
68. 1907 – Dec 16, Mine Explosion, Yolande Coal Mine, Yolande, AL -- 57
69. 1908 – April 24-25, Tornadoes, AL --37-48
70. 1909 – Feb 02, Mine Explosion, Short Creek Coal Mine, Short Creek, AL -- 18
71. 1909 – Oct 14, Storm and Tornadoes, Franklin, Marshall, Jackson Counties, AL --11-21
72. 1910 – Apr 20, Mine Explosion, Mulga Coal Mine Mulga, AL -- 40
73. 1910 – May 5, Mine Explosion, Coal Mine No. 3, Palos/Birmingham, AL -- 84
74. 1911 – Apr 08, Mine Explos., Banner coal mine, Pratt Consolidated, Littleton, AL –128-129
75. 1912 – Aug 13, Mine Explosion, Abernant Coal Mine, Abernant, AL -- 18
76. 1913 – Jan 09, Jas. T. Staples Boiler Explosion, Tombigbee River, near Mobile, AL --15-16
77. 1913 – March 13/14, Tornadoes, Bullock, Calhoun, Etowah, Macon, Montgomery Co.-- 10
78. 1913 – March 21, Tornadoes (4), AL -- 34
79. 1913 – Nov 13, Three Train coaches derail down embankment, near Clayton, AL -- ~10
80. 1913 – Nov 18, Mine Explosion, Acton No. 2 Coal Mine, Acton, AL -- 24

5 Also Huntsville, Junction, Oakfield and Pollard.
6 In terms of largest loss of life in a State, AL was 2nd, behind MO with 1,563 malarial fever deaths.
7 In terms of largest loss of life to typhoid in a State, AL was 6th behind PA/2779, TX/2013, OH/1795, NY/1776.
8 Listed as well in Mississippi -- was a MS excursion train and the great majority of fatalities were from MS.
6
Alabama (continued)

81. 1914 – Jan 10, Mine Explosion, Rock Castle Coal Mine, Rock Castle, AL -- 12
82. 1914 – Sep 18, Sabotage, Train Derailment, Livingston, AL -- 10
83. 1914 – Oct 05, Mine Explosion, Mulga Coal Mine, Mulga, AL -- 16
84. 1916 – Oct 22, Mine Explosion, Marvel (Roden Mine) Coal Mine, Marvel, AL -- 18
85. 1916 – Nov 4, Mine Explosion, Bessie Coal Mine, Palos, AL -- 30
86. 1917 – Feb 23, Tornadoes, Hale, Perry, Elmore, Coosa, Clay Counties, AL -- 16
87. 1917 – Mar 26-27, Tornadoes (2), Pike, Crenshaw, Hale Counties, AL -- 10
88. 1917 – May 27-28 Tornadoes (7), AL -- 50
89. 1918 – Typhoid Fever (AL subset of 9,100 U.S. typhoid fever deaths nationwide)9 -- 598
90. 1918 – Jan 11, Tornado, Pike and Houston Counties (especially Webb), AL -- 13
91. 1918-1919 Influenza and Pneumonia Epidemic --16,381
1918 – Influenza and Pneumonia Epidemic --11,328
1919 – Influenza and Pneumonia Epidemic --5,053
92. 1919 – Apr 19, Mine Explosion, Majestic Coal Mining Co., Birmingham, AL -- 16
93. 1919 – Apr 29, Mine Explosion, Majestic Coal Mine, Majestic, AL -- 22
94. 1920 – Mar 28, Tornadoes, Calhoun, Chambers, Elmore, Tallapoosa Counties -- 27
95. 1920 – Apr 20, Tornadoes, AL -- 92
96. 1920 – Nov 23, Mine Explosion, Parrish Coal Mine, Parrish, AL -- 12
97. 1921 – Apr 16, Tornadoes, AL -- 15
98. 1922 – May 25, Mine Explosion, Acmar No. 3 Coal Mine, Acmar, AL -- 11
99. 1922 – Nov 22, Mine Explosion, Coal Mine No. 3, Dolomite, AL -- 90
100. 1924 – Apr 30, Tornadoes, AL -- 13
101. 1924 – May 26-27, Tornadoes, AL -- 24
102. 1925 – Oct 25, Tornado, Pike-Bullock-Barbour-Crenshaw Counties, AL -- 18
103. 1925 – Dec 10, Mine Explosion, Overton No. 2 Coal Mine, Irondale, AL -- 53
104. 1926 – Jan 29, Mine Explosion, Mossboro No. 1 Coal Mine, Helena, AL -- 27
105. 1929 – May 27, Mine Explosion, Connellsville Coal Mine, Yolande, AL -- 10
106. 1931 – Summer, Excessive Heat deaths (AL subset of 2,768 excessive heat deaths) -- 14
107. 1932 – Jan 12, Tornadoes, Hale, Tuscaloosa, Marengo, Perry Counties, AL -- 10
108. 1932 – Mar 21, Tornadoes, AL -- 286
109. 1933 – May 5, Tornadoes, Brent/SE Centreville/Helena & Choctaw/Sumter, AL -- 25
110. 1936 – Jan 31, Highway Accident & Fire, Prison Transport Van, Scottsboro, AL -- 20
111. 1937 -- Jan 5-Feb 15 (generally), Flooding, OH and MS River Valley areas -- 10
112. 1937 -- Sep 24-Oct 17, Elixir Sulfanilamide medicine (diethylene glycol) poisonings-9-11
113. 1937 – Oct 15, Mine Explosion, Mulga Coal Mine, Mulga, AL -- 34
114. 1938 – Apr 7, Tornado, Near Aliceville, Pickens County, AL -- 11
115. 1939 – Malaria (AL subset of 1,761 malaria deaths nationwide)10 -- 198
116. 1939 – Whooping Cough (AL subset of 3,026 whooping cough deaths nationwide)11-- 166
117. 1939 -- Summer, Heat (subset of 527-1,073 heat deaths nationwide) -- 15
118. 1940 – Malaria (AL subset of 1,442 U.S. malaria deaths)12 -- 204

9 In terms of largest loss of life by State, AL was 6th behind TX/1057, PA/924, OH/771, LA/691, and MS/599.
10 In terms of large loss of life by State, AL was 5th in 1939 behind GA/305, sc/252, ms/232, and FL with 223.
11 In terms of large loss of life by State to whooping cough, AL was 3rd behind TX with 233 and NC at 229 deaths.
12 AL led the nation in number of deaths due to malaria. 2nd was TX with 177, followed by AR at 176, & MS/174.
7
Alabama (continued)

119. 1941 – July 10, Mine Explosion, Acmar No. 6 Coal Mine, Acmar, AL -- 11
120. 1941 – Oct 26, Greyhound Bus Hits Concrete Railing, Burns, Clanton, AL -- 17
121. 1942 – Dec 05, USAAF C-47 Approach Crash, ~Maxwell Field, Montgomery, AL -- 12
122. 1943 – Jan 26, Plane Crash, U.S. Army AF Douglas B-23 Dragon, Flomaton, AL -- 10
123. 1943 – May 11, Mine Explosion, Praco No. 10 Coal Mine, Praco, AL -- 12
124. 1943 – Aug 28, Mine Explosion, Sayreton No. 2 Coal Mine, Sayreton, AL -- 28
125. 1944 – Measles, especially Jan-June (AL subset of 1,923 measles deaths nationwide)13-- 86
126. 1945 – Jan 17, Plane Fire & Crash, USAAF B-17F, near Bay Minette, AL -- 11
127. 1945 – May 07, Fire, Victory House (war workers lodging), Mobile, AL -- 12
128. 1945 – Sep 7, Plane Fire/Crash, USAAF B-29, 4½ miles south, Wedowee, AL -- 10
129. 1948 – July 30, Mine Explosion, Edgewater Coal Mine, Birmingham, AL -- 11
130. 1949 – Nov 24, Tornadoes, AL -- 15
131. 1950 – Nov 24-27, “Storm of the Century,” subset for AL -- 13
132. 1951 – Nov 25, New York and New Orleans Trains Collide near Woodstock, AL -- 17
133. 1952 – Apr 4, Planes Collide, USAF Globemaster & C-47 Skytrain, Mobile, AL -- 15
134. 1953 – Feb 14, Plane Crash/Storm, National 470, Gulf of Mex.~ Mobile, AL -- 46
135. 1953 – Apr 18, Tornado, Shelby and Lee-Russell, AL -- 14
136. 1956 – Apr 15, Tornado, F4, Jefferson County, AL -- 25
137. 1964 – Jan 24, Tornado, Harpersville, Shelby County, AL -- 10
138. 1967 – Feb 07, Fire, Dale’s Penthouse Restaurant, Montgomery, AL -- 25
139. 1974 – Apr 03, Tornadoes, multiple counties, esp. Lawrence, Limestone, Marion --77-86
140. 1977 – Apr 04, Tornado, F5, Jefferson County, AL -- 22
141. 1979 – Sep 12-13, Hurricane Frederic (also MS, LA, FL, TN, PA) --12-13
142. 1980 -- Summer Heat Wave, especially Jefferson County (22) and Mobile (21) -- 125
143. 1981 -- Summer (especially), Heat (ICD-9 E900 excessive natural heat) -- 13
144. 1982 -- Jan 10-18, Extreme Cold Wave, freezing rain, ice and snow storms --20-21
145. 1983 -- July-August, Heat -- 20
146. 1984 – July 07, Thunderstorm Wind, Madison County, AL -- 11
147. 1984 – July 7, Microburst, Sternwheel SCItanic capsizes, TN Riv., Ditto’s Landing, AL-11
148. 1985 -- Summer Heat (ICD-900 code for excessive heat/hyperthermia) subset of 227-- 22
149. 1986 -- Summer Heat, AL (subset of >400 U.S. heat-related fatalities) -- 16
150. 1987 -- Summer Heat, AL -- 10
151. 1989 – Nov 15, Tornado, F4, Madison County, AL -- 21
152. 1991 – July 10, Plane Crash, L’Express Airlines Flight 508, near Birmingham, AL -- 13
153. 1993 – Mar 12-13 Eastern Seaboard “Superstorm of 1993,” subset for AL -- 16
154. 1993 – Sep 22, Fog, Barge hits bridge, Amtrak train derails into water/fire ~Mobile AL-47
155. 1994 – Mar 27, Tornado, St. Clair, Calhoun, Cherokee Counties, AL -- 22
156. 1995 – Summer, Heat, AL -- 19
157. 1995 – Oct 04, Hurricane Opal, multiple counties (deaths in seven) -- 12
158. 1998 – Apr 08, Tornadoes, Oak Grove, Moody, Birmingham-Area, AL -- 34
159. 1999 – Summer, especially late July-early Aug, Heat -- 11
160. 2000 – Dec 16, Tornadoes, Geneva (1 fatality) and Tuscaloosa (11 deaths), AL -- 12
161. 2001 – Sep 23, Mine Gas Explosion, Jim Walter Resources No. 5 Coal Mine, Brookwood, AL-13

13 In terms of total loss of life to measles by State, AL was 6th behind TX/181, OH/139, CA/101, PA/95, GA/88.
8
162. 2002 – Nov 10, Tornado Outbreak, Cherokee, Walker and esp. Winston Counties -- 12
163. 2007 – Mar 01, Tornado Outbreak (Prairie, Enterprise), AL -- 10
164. 2007 – Aug 8-23, Heat, 12 Counties reporting deaths, AL -- 14
165. 2009 -- 2010 (early), New H1N1 “Swine Flu” Influenza Pandemic (U.S. & world) --20-36
166. 2009 – March 10, Violence, McLendon Shooting Spree, Geneva County, AL -- 10
167. 2011 – Apr 27, Tornadoes, esp. Tuscaloosa, Dekalb, Marion, Jefferson counties --249-252

Alabama Select Other Loss of Life Events:14

1848 – Scarlet Fever Outbreak, Mobile, AL -- 75
1849 – Scarlet Fever Outbreak, Mobile, AL -- 50
1860 – Croup (contagious upper airway viral infection), subset, 15,188 US croup deaths -- 423
1860 – Measles (AL subset of 3,900 measles deaths nationwide) -- 62
1860 – Scarlet Fever (AL subset of 26,402 deaths in 38 Census States & DC) -- 251
1860 – Tuberculosis, reported as “consumption” (subset of 49,082 death nationwide)15 -- 596
1860 – Whooping Cough (AL subset of 8,408 whooping cough deaths nationwide) -- 334
1870 – Croup (AL subset of 10,692 deaths nationwide) -- 258
1870 – Tuberculosis (Consumption) (AL subset of ~70,000 TB deaths nationwide) -- 764
1870 – Typhoid Fever (AL subset of 22,187 typhoid fever deaths nationwide) -- 409
1870 – Whooping Cough (AL subset of 9,008 whooping cough deaths nationwide) -- 133
1879 – June-May 1880, Croup, esp. Oct-Dec, esp. children (17,966 U.S. croup deaths) -- 510
1879 – June-May 1880, Diphtheria, esp. Sep-Jan, esp. children (38,143 U.S. deaths) -- 241
1879 – June-May 1880, Measles (AL subset of 8,254 measles deaths nationwide) -- 342
1879 – June-May 1880, Meningitis (AL subset of 7,481 meningitis deaths nationwide) -- 149
1879 – June-May 1880, Scarlet Fever, esp. children (AL subset, 16,388 S.F. deaths) -- 15
1879 – June-May 1880, Tuberculosis (AL subset of 91,270 TB deaths nationwide) --1,694
1879 – June-May 1880, Typhoid Fever (AL subset of 23,339 U.S. Typhoid deaths) -- 776
1879 – June-May 1880, Whooping Cough (AL subset, 11,064 U.S. W.C. deaths) -- 546
1881 – Typhoid Fever, Birmingham, AL -- 49
1890 – Jan-Feb, Influenza (La Grippe/Russian Flu), Mobile, AL -- 21
1890 – Typhoid Fever (AL subset of ~30,000 typhoid deaths nationwide) -- 976
1898 – Typhoid Fever, especially Anniston and Huntsville, AL16 (3,064 nationwide) -- 30
1900 – Tuberculosis (AL subset of 109,750 tuberculosis deaths nationwide)17 --2,666
1906 – Sep 27, Hurricane, especially Fort Morgan, Mobile and Gulf Coast -- 7
1916 – Diphtheria, especially children -- 188
1916 – Polio Epidemic, especially children, Statewide, AL -- 51
1920 – Diphtheria and Croup (AL subset of 13,395 such deaths in 34 registration states)-- 15
1920 – Jan-Mar, Influenza Epidemic, Birmingham, AL -- 384
1920 – Typhoid Fever (AL subset of 6,805 typhoid fever deaths in 34 registration states)18-- 41

14 We include two categories of events herein throughout this document: (1) events wherein fewer than 10 lives were
lost, but of which we take note, and (2) diseases that caused more than ten lives lost, but not clear to us that an
epidemic level was reached (a subjective judgement on our part) as well as those diseases for which we have seen
information that appear to more endemic to the times than epidemic -- such as tuberculosis.
15 Was the fourth leading reported cause of death in the State in 1860.
16 This number is for servicemen dying in AL, mostly Aug-Oct. Eighteen 1st and 2nd Alabama Volunteer Infantry
Regiment members died of typhoid this year, in various locations in the U.S.
17 Leading cause of death in the State in 1900.
9
Alabama (select other continued)

1920 – Whooping Cough (Birmingham, 29; Mobile, 2; and Montgomery, 10) -- 41
1927 – Polio (acute) esp. late Summer and Fall (AL subset, 2,013 U.S. polio deaths) -- 29
1931 – “Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis,”19 (AL subset, 2,832 US meningitis deaths)-- 92
1931 – Diphtheria, especially children (AL subset, 5,738 U.S. diphtheria deaths) -- 203
1931 – Influenza (AL subset of 31,701 influenza deaths nationwide) --1,054
1931 – Malaria (AL subset, 2,536 malaria deaths nationwide) -- 213
1931 – Measles (1L subset, 3,576 measles deaths nationwide) -- 172
1931 – Polio, esp. July-Oct, (AL subset of 2,139-2,144 U.S. polio deaths, esp. children) -- 25
1939 – Diphtheria, esp. Jan-Mar, Sep-Dec (AL subset of 1,997 U.S. diphtheria deaths) -- 77
1939 – Influenza and Pneumonia (AL subset, 99,097 U.S. influenza/pneumonia deaths) --2,895
1939 – Tuberculosis (AL subset of 61,609 tuberculosis deaths nationwide) --1,436
1940 – Influenza and Pneumonia (AL subset of 92,525 U.S. flu and pneumonia deaths) --2,654
1940 – Polio (AL subset of 1,026 polio deaths nationwide) -- 16
1940 – Tuberculosis (AL subset of 55,576 tuberculosis deaths nationwide) --1,383
1940 – Whooping Cough (AL subset of 2,926 whooping cough deaths nationwide) -- 120
1941 – Measles, especially children (AL subset of 2,279 U.S. Measles deaths) -- 114
1944 – Cerebrospinal Meningitis (AL subset 2,812 U.S. cerebrospinal meningitis deaths)-- 78
1944 – Influenza (AL subset of 17,320 influenza deaths nationwide), esp. Jan-Apr, Dec -- 616
1944 – Tuberculosis (AL subset of 54,731 tuberculosis deaths nationwide) --1,269
1944 – Whooping Cough (AL subset of 1,878 whooping cough deaths nationwide) -- 87
1950 – Measles, especially children (AL subset of 468 measles deaths nationwide) -- 12
1951 – Polio Outbreak, especially children, AL --40-41
1951 – Jan 27-Feb 4, Cold Waves, Winter Storms, ice, sleet, snow, AL20 -- 9
1953 – Polio (State subset of 1,450 polio deaths nationwide) -- 25
1954 – Apr 10, Explosion, kerosene put in home stove, fire, Columbia, AL21 -- 7
1954 – Dec 29, Plane rear-door fails/crash, USAF C119, Shin Point ~New Hope, AL -- 9
1960 – Measles, especially children (AL subset of 380 measles deaths nationwide) -- 15
1963 – Sep 15, Racial violence, 16th Street Baptist Church Bombing, Birmingham, AL -- 4
1985 -- Jan 19-23, Cold wave and exposure/hypothermia deaths -- 5-7
1988 – Summer, Heat, Conecuh, Geneva, Jefferson, Mobile, Pike, Shelby, Sumter Counties-- 7
1989 – Dec 16-25, Cold wave and exposure/hypothermia deaths -- 5
1995 – Apr 17, Plane Crash, USAAF C-21 Learjet, near Alexander City Airport, AL -- 8
1998 – Jan 29, Violence, Abortion Clinic Bombing, (Eric Rudolph), Birmingham, AL -- 1
1998 – June-Aug, Heat, AL -- 7
2000 – June-Aug esp., Heat, AL (subset of 301 heat-related deaths nationwide) -- 8
2001 – Mar 04, Lightning starts House Fire, Montgomery, AL -- 5
2002 – Summer, Heat, AL -- 6
2008 – Feb 5, Tornadoes, Jackson (1 death) and Lawrence County (4 deaths), AL -- 5
2011 – April 15, Tornadoes, Autauga, Marengo and Washington Counties -- 7

18 AL was not a registration state providing death certificates to Census Bureau. Three cities, however, did:
Birmingham with 27, Mobile with 13 and Montgomery with 1.
19 “Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis,” is name used for this malady in U.S. Census, Mortality Statistics 1931.
20 Subset of 175-200 deaths nationwide, with some reports of winter weather fatalities up to 350.
21 Cross-listed in Explosions and Fire-Structural.
10