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Women in Water Quality: Investigations by Prominent Female Engineers PDF

209 Pages·2020·6.006 MB·English
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Women in Engineering and Science Deborah Jean O’Bannon Editor Women in Water Quality Investigations by Prominent Female Engineers Women in Engineering and Science Series Editor Jill S. Tietjen Greenwood Village, CO, USA The Springer Women in Engineering and Science series highlights women’s accomplishments in these critical fields. The foundational volume in the series provides a broad overview of women’s multi-faceted contributions to engineering over the last century. Each subsequent volume is dedicated to illuminating women’s research and achievements in key, targeted areas of contemporary engineering and science endeavors. The goal for the series is to raise awareness of the pivotal work women are undertaking in areas of keen importance to our global community. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15424 Deborah Jean O’Bannon Editor Women in Water Quality Investigations by Prominent Female Engineers Editor Deborah Jean O’Bannon Department of Civil & Mechanical Engineering University of Missouri–Kansas City Kansas City, MO, USA ISSN 2509-6427 ISSN 2509-6435 (electronic) Women in Engineering and Science ISBN 978-3-030-17818-5 ISBN 978-3-030-17819-2 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17819-2 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Foreword Why would we benefit from a book to Women in Water Quality? One of the answers lies in the benefits of diversity. Having more than one gender contribute to science and engineering allows for the expansion of viewpoints and foci. This is quite evi- dent in the text as the reader will discover that the addition of women to this field helped launch what one might have formerly called sanitary engineering into envi- ronmental engineering. Many of these springboard efforts are documented in the chapter on the History Pioneering Women in Water Quality, spanning from the early 1870s to famous women scientists in the 1900s. And then, the text expands to state- of- the-science chapters covering water quality issues and solutions in both engi- neered and natural systems. The chapters on water quality in engineered systems provide a wealth of infor- mation for scholars and practitioners to use in their work both in the United States and abroad. These include emerging technologies that allow for a more sustainable future such as combining engineering and nature-based solutions to stormwater management, reuse of non-potable water, optimizing bio-based remediation or bio- films, and novel nutrient separation techniques. The authors bring a global perspec- tive to these issues also adding international solutions for water quality and prevention of viral outbreaks. The final chapters focus on modeling and fate of vari- ous contaminants in natural systems. Understanding how these various chemicals migrate and react in the natural environment is crucial to being able to develop effective prevention or remediation techniques. I am honored to be one among the many women who have dedicated their scholarly endeavors to ensuring improve- ments in water quality at home and abroad. Civil and Environmental Liv Haselbach, PE, PhD, F.ASCE, LEED AP BD+C Engineering Lamar University Beaumont, TX, USA v Preface Women in Water Quality: Investigations by Prominent Female Engineers is a collec- tion of scientific papers by 12 women scientists and engineers working in the area of water quality. The scientific papers are prefaced by our rich history – the women who came before us in water quality, starting with the first female graduate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology – Ellen Swallow Richards. Brief biographies of Ruth Patrick, Rachel Carson, and Sylvia Earle follow in chronological order. Ellen Richard’s 1873 chemistry thesis is reprinted in the book’s appendix. The contemporary and cutting edge research of the book’s technical authors is divided into two major sections: water quality in engineered systems and water quality in natural systems. Each technical paper is presented with the author’s biography. It has been a privilege to learn about the authors’ ingenuity, technical expertise, and intrinsic passion for water quality. Kansas City, MO, USA Deborah Jean O’Bannon vii Contents Part I History 1 Pioneering Women in Water Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Jill S. Tietjen Part II Water Quality in Engineered Systems 2 Integrating Engineered and Nature-Based Solutions for Urban Stormwater Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Laura A. Wendling and Erika E. Holt 3 Improving Drinking Water Quality in Rural Communities in Mid-Western Nepal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Sara Marks and Rubika Shrestha 4 Water Quality for Decentralized Use of Non-potable Water Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Sybil Sharvelle 5 Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for Early Detection of Viral Outbreaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Irene Xagoraraki and Evan O’Brien 6 Urine Source Separation for Global Nutrient Management . . . . . . . . 99 Tove A. Larsen 7 Environmental Microbiome Analysis and Manipulation . . . . . . . . . . 113 Courtney M. Gardner and Claudia K. Gunsch 8 Biofilms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Wen Zhang ix x Contents Part III Water Quality in Natural Systems 9 The Microbial Ecology and Bioremediation of Chlorinated Ethene-Contaminated Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Jennifer G. Becker 10 Fate of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals in Agroecosystems . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt 11 U nderstanding Soil-Contaminant Interactions: A Key to Improved Groundwater Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 Maria Chrysochoou Notes on Some Sulpharsenites and Sulphantimonites from Colorado . . . . 197 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 About the Editor Deborah Jean O’Bannon is a Professor Emerita of Civil Engineering at the University of Missouri-Kansas City (UMKC). She is also a Professional Engineer, with registration in Iowa, Missouri, and Kansas. She received her B.S. in civil engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with emphasis in environmental engineering and learned about Ellen Swallow Richards (see Chap. 1). She then went to work for the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Quality Engineering (DEQE) (now the Department of Natural Resources), where she designed water quality surveys and conducted water quality modeling and wasteload allocations for the Housatonic River, Assabet and Concord Rivers, the North Shore coastal area, and Boston Harbor. She received her M.Eng. from Manhattan College, where she worked with Dr. Donald O’Connor and Dr. Robert Thomann. She returned briefly to the DEQE, before moving to the University of Iowa to work on her Ph.D. with Dr. Jerry Schnoor and Dr. Forrest Holly. Her doc- toral research was on the movement of soluble pollutants in a run-of-the-river impoundment of the Iowa River and was supported in part by a Dissertation Fellowship from the American Association of University Women. She completed dye field studies and a 2-D model. Dr. O’Bannon obtained a faculty position at the University of Missouri in 1989. She has had research grants and publications in riverine modeling, immunoassay testing of aquatic pollutants, and urban rain garden systems. She also published and was supported in the areas of undergraduate pedagogy and engineering leadership. She routinely taught fluid mechanics, undergraduate water and wastewater treat- ment design, leadership and ethics, water quality modeling, limnology, computa- tional hydraulics, design of experiments, and civil engineering capstone design. Dr. O’Bannon redesigned the capstone class in 2003 to accommodate real-world proj- ects for industry clients to give the students a design studio that would prepare them for professional practice. Dr. O’Bannon and UMKC received an award for connecting professional practice and education from the National Council of Engineering Examiners in 2009 (the inaugural year of the award). xi

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