Wireshark & Ethereal Network Protocol Analyzer Toolkit

563 Pages·2006·13.211 MB·English

by  Angela Orebaugh, Gilbert Ramirez, Jay Beale, Joshua Wright

377_Eth2e_FM.qxd 11/14/06 1:23 PM Page i
Visit us at
w w w . s y n g r e s s . c o m
Syngress is committed to publishing high-quality books for IT Professionals and
delivering those books in media and formats that fit the demands of our cus-
tomers. We are also committed to extending the utility of the book you purchase
via additional materials available from our Web site.
SOLUTIONS WEB SITE
To register your book, visit www.syngress.com/solutions. Once registered, you can
access our [email protected] Web pages. There you may find an assortment
of value-added features such as free e-books related to the topic of this book, URLs
of related Web sites, FAQs from the book, corrections, and any updates from the
author(s).
ULTIMATE CDs
Our Ultimate CD product line offers our readers budget-conscious compilations of
some of our best-selling backlist titles in Adobe PDF form. These CDs are the perfect
way to extend your reference library on key topics pertaining to your area of exper-
tise, including Cisco Engineering, Microsoft Windows System Administration,
CyberCrime Investigation, Open Source Security, and Firewall Configuration, to
name a few.
DOWNLOADABLE E-BOOKS
For readers who can’t wait for hard copy, we offer most of our titles in download-
able Adobe PDF form. These e-books are often available weeks before hard copies,
and are priced affordably.
SYNGRESS OUTLET
Our outlet store at syngress.com features overstocked, out-of-print, or slightly hurt
books at significant savings.
SITE LICENSING
Syngress has a well-established program for site licensing our e-books onto servers
in corporations, educational institutions, and large organizations. Contact us at
[email protected] for more information.
CUSTOM PUBLISHING
Many organizations welcome the ability to combine parts of multiple Syngress
books, as well as their own content, into a single volume for their own internal use.
Contact us at [email protected] for more information.
377_Eth2e_FM.qxd 11/14/06 1:23 PM Page ii
377_Eth2e_FM.qxd 11/14/06 1:23 PM Page iii
Jay Beale's Open Source Security Series
Wireshark
&
Ethereal
Network Protocol
Analyzer Toolkit
Angela Orebaugh
Gilbert Ramirez OOppeenn SSoouurrccee
Josh Burke
Larry Pesce
Joshua Wright SSeeccuurriittyy TToooollss
Greg Morris && SSccrriippttss
377_Eth2e_FM.qxd 11/14/06 1:23 PM Page iv
Syngress Publishing,Inc.,the author(s),and any person or firm involved in the writing,editing,or production
(collectively “Makers”) of this book (“the Work”) do not guarantee or warrant the results to be obtained from
the Work.
There is no guarantee of any kind,expressed or implied,regarding the Work or its contents.The Work is sold AS
IS and WITHOUT WARRANTY.You may have other legal rights,which vary from state to state.
In no event will Makers be liable to you for damages,including any loss of profits,lost savings,or other inci-
dental or consequential damages arising out from the Work or its contents.Because some states do not allow the
exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages,the above limitation may not apply to
you.
You should always use reasonable care,including backup and other appropriate precautions,when working with
computers,networks,data,and files.
Syngress Media®,Syngress®,“Career Advancement Through Skill Enhancement®,”“Ask the Author
UPDATE®,”and “Hack Proofing®,”are registered trademarks of Syngress Publishing,Inc.“Syngress:The
Definition of a Serious Security Library”™,“Mission Critical™,”and “The Only Way to Stop a Hacker is to
Think Like One™”are trademarks of Syngress Publishing,Inc.Brands and product names mentioned in this
book are trademarks or service marks of their respective companies.
KEY SERIAL NUMBER
001 HJIRTCV764
002 PO9873D5FG
003 829KM8NJH2
004 HPPPLEEEWY
005 CVPLQ6WQ23
006 VBP965T5T5
007 HJJJ863WD3E
008 2987GVTWMK
009 629MP5SDJT
010 IMWQ295T6T
PUBLISHED BY
Syngress Publishing,Inc.
800 Hingham Street
Rockland,MA 02370
Wireshark & Ethereal Network Protocol Analyzer Toolkit
Copyright © 2007 by Syngress Publishing,Inc.All rights reserved.Except as permitted under the Copyright Act
of 1976,no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means,or stored in
a database or retrieval system,without the prior written permission of the publisher,with the exception that the
program listings may be entered,stored,and executed in a computer system,but they may not be reproduced for
publication.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
ISBN-10:1-59749-073-3
ISBN-13:978-1-59749-073-3
Publisher:Andrew Williams Page Layout and Art:Techne Group
Acquisitions Editor:Erin Heffernan Copy Editor:Judy Eby
Technical Editor:Angela Orebaugh,Gilbert Ramirez Indexer:Richard Carlson
Cover Designer:Michael Kavish
Distributed by O’Reilly Media,Inc.in the United States and Canada.
For information on rights,translations,and bulk sales,contact Matt Pedersen,Director of Sales and Rights,at
Syngress Publishing;email [email protected] fax to 781-681-3585.
377_Eth2e_FM.qxd 11/14/06 1:23 PM Page v
Acknowledgments
Syngress would like to acknowledge the following people for their kindness
and support in making this book possible.
A special thank you to Mike Rash and Deapesh Misra for contributing their
expertise to the case studies used in Chapter 7 of this book.
Syngress books are now distributed in the United States and Canada by
O’Reilly Media,Inc.The enthusiasm and work ethic at O’Reilly are incredible,
and we would like to thank everyone there for their time and efforts to bring
Syngress books to market:Tim O’Reilly,Laura Baldwin,Mark Brokering,Mike
Leonard,Donna Selenko,Bonnie Sheehan,Cindy Davis,Grant Kikkert,Opol
Matsutaro,Steve Hazelwood,Mark Wilson,Rick Brown,Tim Hinton,Kyle
Hart,Sara Winge,Peter Pardo,Leslie Crandell,Regina Aggio Wilkinson,Pascal
Honscher,Preston Paull,Susan Thompson,Bruce Stewart,Laura Schmier,Sue
Willing,Mark Jacobsen,Betsy Waliszewski,Kathryn Barrett,John Chodacki,
Rob Bullington,Kerry Beck,Karen Montgomery,and Patrick Dirden.
The incredibly hardworking team at Elsevier Science,including Jonathan
Bunkell,Ian Seager,Duncan Enright,David Burton,Rosanna Ramacciotti,
Robert Fairbrother,Miguel Sanchez,Klaus Beran,Emma Wyatt,Krista
Leppiko,Marcel Koppes,Judy Chappell,Radek Janousek,Rosie Moss,David
Lockley,Nicola Haden,Bill Kennedy,Martina Morris,Kai Wuerfl-Davidek,
Christiane Leipersberger,Yvonne Grueneklee,Nadia Balavoine,and Chris
Reinders for making certain that our vision remains worldwide in scope.
David Buckland,Marie Chieng,Lucy Chong,Leslie Lim,Audrey Gan,Pang Ai
Hua,Joseph Chan,June Lim,and Siti Zuraidah Ahmad of Pansing Distributors
for the enthusiasm with which they receive our books.
David Scott, Tricia Wilden, Marilla Burgess, Annette Scott, Andrew Swaffer,
Stephen O’Donoghue,Bec Lowe,Mark Langley,and Anyo Geddes of Woodslane
for distributing our books throughout Australia, New Zealand, Papua New
Guinea,Fiji,Tonga,Solomon Islands,and the Cook Islands.
v
377_Eth2e_FM.qxd 11/14/06 1:23 PM Page vi
About the CD
Most of the tools covered in this book are Open Source and are there-
fore constantly evolving.If you are deploying any of these tools to your
live network,please be sure to download the most recent versions.
Wherever possible,we have indicated sites where downloads are gener-
ally available.Please look for the CD Icon in the margins to indicate
applications or captures contained on the CD.
For convenience,and to allow for consistency in the examples
used,we have included Wireshark release 0.99.4;it is the most current
stable release of Wireshark as of the printing of this book.
For installation on Win 32 systems,the “Windows Installer”folder
contains the file wireshark-setup-0.99.4.exe.This Nullsoft Scriptable
Install System file prompts you through the installation of Wireshark
and WinPcap.Once installed,the programs are run via Start |
Programs.
The Source Files folder contains the file wireshark-0.99.4.tar.gz for
installation on non Windows systems.
You will also find folders containing the filters discussed in the
book and folder containing captures used in the exercises in Chapters
4,6 and 7.
Note:This CD contains packet captures of the Code Red Virus
and has “strings”in it that your AntiVirus software will detect.In order
to continue,you may need to disable real time protections.These files
do not contain viruses,just the harmless fingerprints.
Wireshark is subject to U.S.export regulations.Take heed.Consult
a lawyer if you have any questions
vi
377_Eth2e_FM.qxd 11/14/06 1:23 PM Page vii
Lead Author
Angela Orebaugh is an industry-recognized security technology
visionary and scientist,with over 12 years hands-on experience.She
currently performs leading-edge security consulting and works in
research and development to advance the state of the art in infor-
mation systems security.Angela currently participates in several
security initiatives for the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST).She is the lead scientist for the National
Vulnerability Database and author of several NIST Special
Publications on security technologies.Angela has over a decade of
experience in information technology,with a focus on perimeter
defense,secure network design,vulnerability discovery,penetration
testing,and intrusion detection systems.She has a Masters in
Computer Science,and is currently pursuing her Ph.D.with a con-
centration in Information Security at George Mason University.
Angela is the author of the Syngress best seller Ethereal Packet
Sniffing (ISBN:1932266828).She has also co-authored the Snort
Cookbook and Intrusion Prevention and Active Response:Deploying
Network and Host IPS (Syngress,ISBN:193226647X).Angela is a
researcher,writer,and speaker for SANS Institute and faculty for
The Institute for Applied Network Security and George Mason
University.Angela has a wealth of knowledge from industry,
academia,and government from her consulting experience with
prominent Fortune 500 companies,the Department of Defense,
dot-com startups,and universities.She is a frequently invited speaker
at a variety of conferences and security events.
Current research interests:intrusion detection,intrusion preven-
tion,data mining,attacker profiling,user behavior analysis,network
forensics
vii
377_Eth2e_FM.qxd 11/14/06 1:23 PM Page viii
Technical Editor
and Contributing Author
Gilbert Ramirez was the first contributor to Ethereal after it was
announced to the public and is known for his regular updates to the
product.He has contributed protocol dissectors as well as core logic to
Ethereal.He is a Technical Leader at Cisco Systems,where he works on
tools and builds systems.Gilbert is a family man,a linguist,a want-to-be
chef,and a student of tae kwon do.He is co-author of Syngress
Publishing’s popular Ethereal Packet Sniffing (ISBN:1932266828).
Contributing Authors
Josh Burke (CISSP) is an independent information security consultant in
Seattle,Washington.He has held positions in networking,systems,and
security over the past seven years in the technology,financial,and media
sectors.A graduate of the business school at the University of Washington,
Josh concentrates on balancing technical and business needs for companies
in the many areas of information security.He also promotes an inclusive,
positive security philosophy for companies,which encourages communi-
cating the merits and reasons for security policies,rather than educating
only on what the policies forbid.
Josh is an expert in open-source security applications such as Snort,
Ethereal,and Nessus.His research interests include improving the security
and resilience of the Domain Name System (DNS) and the Network
Time Protocol (NTP).He also enjoys reading about the mathematics and
history of cryptography,but afterward often knows less about the subject
than when he started.
Larry Pesce (CCNA,GCFA Silver,GAWN Silver) is the Manager for
Information Services Security at Care New England,a mid-sized health-
care organization in New England.In the last 13 years in the computer
viii
377_Eth2e_FM.qxd 11/14/06 1:23 PM Page ix
industry,Larry has become a jack of all trades;PC repair,Network
Engineering,Web Design,Non-Linear Audio and Video production,and
Computer Security.Larry is also gainfully employed as a Penetration Tester
/ Ethical Hacker with Defensive Intuition,a Rhode Island-based security
consulting company.A graduate of Roger Williams University in
Compute Information Systems,Larry is currently exploring his options
for graduate education.
In addition to his industry experience,Larry is also a Security
Evangelist for the PaulDotCom Security Weekly podcast at
www.pauldotcom.com.Larry is currently completing a work with his
PaulDotCom Security Weekly co-host,Paul Asadoorian on hacking the
Linksys WRT54G.More of Larry’s writing,guides,and rants can be found
on his blog at www.haxorthematrix.com.
Greg Morris (5-CNA,5-CNE,3-MCNE,Linux+,LPIC-1) is a Senior
Resolution Engineer for Novell Technical Services in Provo,UT.
Originally from Oklahoma,Greg has spent over 25 years in the computer
industry.Although Greg has a degree in management,his passion is to be
creative.This is what the software development process provides.His vast
experience includes hardware and software troubleshooting on mainframe,
midrange,and PC computers.Greg’s early roots in software development
was in database technologies,dabbling in C and assembly,but mostly
working with a language called Clipper by Nantucket.Greg’s work on
Ethereal began in November of 2000.Since that time he has made a sig-
nificant number of contributions to the Ethereal (now Wireshark) project.
This would include new dissectors (NCP,NDS,NDPS) as well as new
features (Extended Find capabilities).Greg has made a number of modifi-
cations to many other dissectors and is currently developing Novell
Modular Authentication Services (NMAS),Novell SecretStore Services
(SSS),Novell International Cryptographic Infrastructure (NICI),and a
host of other Novell specific decodes.Greg has actively developed cus-
tomer and internal training programs for a number of different Novell
products.One of his most unique programs was developed to teach
internal users the skills necessary to analyze packet traces.Greg started
working with packet traces many years ago with Novell’s LANalyzer
product.From there Greg migrated to Network Associates Sniffer product.
But,since working with Ethereal to add complete Novell NCP/NDS
packet support,Greg would use nothing else.He currently develops on
Windows 2000 with Microsoft’s Visual C++,but has plans to move to
SuSe Linux and the GNU compiler for future Wireshark development.
ix