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White Supremacy: A Comparative Study of American and South African History PDF

382 Pages·1981·10.65 MB·English
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WHITE SUPREMACY A ComparSattuidvye inA meriacnSadon u Atfhr iHciasnt ory Fredrickson George M. NewY ork Oxofrd OXFORDU NIVERSITY PRESS 1981 Copyri©g h1t9 81b yG eorgMe. F redrickson LibraorfyC ongreQsast alogiinPn ugb licaDtaitoan FredrickGseoonr,gM e 1934- Whitseu premacy. Bibliogrpa.p hy: Incluidnedse x. I. UniteSdt ates-Rraeclea tio2n. sS.o uth Africa-Rraeclea tio3n..:; A.f ro-Americans-Civil right4s.. Blacks-SoAuftrhi ca-Criivgihlt s. 5. IndiaonfNs o rtAhm erica-Criivgihlt s. I. Title. EI84·AIF733 05.8'0097830 -12559 ISBN0 -19"502759-0 Printiendt heU niteSdt atoefsA merica FoMry C hildren AnnHeo pCea,r olLianuera,en lTd,o m Acknowledgments TheN atioEnnadlo wmefnottr heH umaintesis upprotetdhi sp roejct genoeurlys,fi rsbty g rnatnigm e a SenoirF ellowsthoid po s ustaeidn rseearicnh19 73-7a4n,dt hebny p roivdnigp arotf t her eusrocetsh at enablemde t o spae yneda artt heC entfeorAr d vancSetdu diynt he BehaviSocrniacele astS atnfrodC,a loirfin,ai n1 97778.-T heC entietr­ seflo fferiedde faalc ilfiotwri retisig n fia rsdtrf ato ft heb ook;a ndI woulldi kteot haniskts atfff ori nnumerabcloeni tbruntsit oo mcyo m­ forta ndp rodtuicyvi.T theN orthewsteUrnnvi ersGirtayn Ctosm mit­ tehee lpteofid n anecm yr eseha trrcitpoS ouht AfriicnIa 9 74 laantde r subsdiiezdt htey pgio nfa fi nald raofftt he maniupstc.r Oft hmea nyi nidviduwahlohs a vaess iesdtm e ino ne wayo ra n­ otheIr c an naomnyel nao tabfle.ewG wendolCeanr teencrou rgaed me tob egni thep reojcatn dh elpmeed t ofi ndm y iintibaelan rgisi n thefi elodf uStohA fricsautndi e.sH ansP anofsgkuyi dmeed int he use tohfeS outhA fricant reamisla int heN orhtweesrtnL irbary's superAbf ircanCao lltoeinc.W hile droeisnegha irncC ape ToIw n, benteefieds paelclfiyrm o thaes stiasncaned h ospailtiotfHy e ndrviakn deMre rwaen dC hriosptheSra udner.Ds urgi nbari esfat yi nE ngland, I wass itmutleada nde nlightebnyee dxe tndecdon vesrtainosw ith MartLieng asisckV.a ruisod raftosfa ll paorrot f tmhaen ucsriwpetr e reabdy T .H .B reenE,l ibzeatEhl dredHgerem,a nGni olmieeG,le nna MattheDwasv,i Rdo edigLeeorn,a rTdh ompson, Ca.Vn adn nW ood- Vll viii Acknowledgments war.(d ProfTehsosmoprds eosne ars vpeescm ieannlt h ieorfeoh ri s unusucalloalsnyeed x acctriintgoi ftq huSeeo uAtfhr isceacnto ifo ns myfi nadlr afWitt.h)to hueetx paedrvtai nccder itpiorcviisdbmey d thessceh oolfUa S.r.os rS ouAtfhr ihciasntt ohwrioysu nlodbt eh alf thbeo oikit. s aImo ,f c ourfsuelr,le ys pofnosarin beylr ero offr asc t ori nterptrheatrtaea tmi.iSn ohne lMdeoyneo rfO xfoUrndi versity Prewsasas p rofosuonudor fce en couraagnedhm eeldnput r ianlgl satgoesf ptrhoeja encSdett p,h aGnoiled en odfi dOe xxafcnoe rldl ent joobf copyH-eeldeFinrteei dnrgic.ca kmtseomo ynr esctuhefie n al -in and( fmoer) e xcrucsaitgaoetf ip nrgo of-prreniatdecidoyn p.Tg h e firssmto odtrhaw fatts y pbeydK atHeu ghoefts h Bee havSicoir­al encCeesn atnetdrh fien amla nusbcyJr oiaSpntt a .h l Evan,sI tloln. G.M .F . Ju1l9y8 0 Contents INTRODUCTION, xi I.S ETTLEMEANNTD S UBJGUATION1,6 00-1840, 3 TwoF rontiTehrIesm ,a ogfet hSea vagRee,h earsals: 3; 7; IrelaannIddn donesTihaDe, i spososfte hsCeso iaosnt al 13; Indiaanntdsh C ea pKeh oikhoTih,eT rans-Appalachian 21; anEda stCearpne Frontiers, 40 IIT.H E RIOSFRE A CIALS LAEVRYI NT HES OUTH ANDT HEC APES,4 ThEem ergoefnaL c aeb Soyrs temT,hIe d eolOorgiigcianls 54; ofS laverFyr,oR me ligtioRo acuiSsal la vienVr iyr gainndi a 70; SouAtfhr icSal,a vaenrSdyo ciientt hSyeo uatnhtd h Cea pe, 76; 85 IIIR.A CEM IXUTREA NDT HEC OLOLRI NE9,4 RacMei xtiunCr oem parative9 4PE;ea rrRslapyce ec tive, MixtuTrhReee :s trAimcetriivPceaa tnt erEna,rR layc e 99; MixturPee:r mTihSseos uiAtvfher iPcaatnt 1e0rT8nh;,e OrigoifDn isff erenTcheLe,e gaocfty hE ea rPlayt terns, 124; 129 IX x Contents IV. LIBERTYU,N IONA,N DW HITESU PREMA·CY, 1776-190,11 63 WhitPeo litaincdts h Eem ergenocfNe e wN atio1n3s6,; Revolution, aRnedtb heLeli lmiiootnfsE, q uali1t76-y7-,1 820, 140W;h itSeu premaacnydt hAem ericSaenc tioCnoanlfl ict, 150W;h itSeu premaacndyt hAen glo-AfriCkoannfleirc t, 1820-17672E,;m ancipatRieocnosn,s truacntdPi oolnist,i cal Consolid1a7t9i on, v.I NDUSTRIAWLHIISTMLE,A BRO, ANDR ACIADLI SRCIMINATION, 199 IndustriaalnidzE atthinoPinlc u ral1i9s9mT;,h eI ndustrial LegaocfyS lavearnydt hRei soeft hMea chin2e0,5T ;h e SegmentaotfLi aobno 1r8,7 0-1291120T;,h e. EmergeonfCc lea ss andR acCeo nfli2c2t1,W; h yN oI ndustCroilaoBlra ri nt he UnitSetda te2s3?4, VI. TWOS TRANGCEA REERSSE:G REGATION INS OUTHA FRICA TAHNEDS OUTH, 239 limC rowa ndI tNatSievger egatAi Coonn"t:r 2a3s9tA;, C loser ParalSloeult:h eBrlna caknsd C apCeo lore2d5s5T,;h eE rao f Laissez-SFeagirreeg a2t5i7oT;nh ,eE mergenocfLe e galized SegregaatnidDo ins franchi2s6e8m ent, CH.RONOLOOFGM YA JOERV ENTS, 283 NOTES, 289 INDEX, 341. MAPS ThAem eri'cCaonlo ontn hiEeev soe ft he Revolution, 26 ThCea pe Ctool ony 1°833,2 ThUen eidtS tates, 16811,75 SohuA tfritchaNe i inne tCeeennttuhr y, 174 ContempSooruAatfrhry i ca, 243 In truocdt ion Thep hr"awshiest pueer ma"ca ypplwiihetp sa rtifcourtlcotae hr he i s­ toreixcpaelcr eoi fte wnnoa tionsA-frSioacunatd h theedS teUa.snt it Asg enlelurynae drstwohoisdtpu,eer mayr cefteotr hsae tt tuidiedsle,­o ogiaenspd,o i lcaisecssio daw tietthhr ei osfe blfaotroamfnws th ite or Europedaonm inoavne"crone wn hitpeo"p iunol.saI tno thweorr dist, ivnolmvaeksig ni vnididoiuscstt iionofan s sco iaclrluyck iiantldh at aerb aesdp rimairfnio letyx u,cis lveolnpy h,y scihcaaerlra icsattnidc s ancreyIs.nti tfsuy ld levelforopmew,dh e is turpemamceya n"oscl or ba,r""sa rcisaeelgg rant",ia ontdh reet sriiocontf m eagnufilnc iieztn­ shirpi gthot psra ie vgiegldr ocuahpar ctzeerdi isbtl yi gphitg menta­ tino.F ewi afn syoi cettiheaasrt" e m turila-icailnt" h see ntsheta hte y icnlusdueb stdavinetriiseoaisfplt h ystiycapaeml o ntgh epiporul ations havbee en ffrroremaie ca pler ujd eia cnddi ismcnairtoinB.u wth ite spuremaicmyp lietsah nmt oh.riI sets uggseysestmtsa taincd self­ consceiffootruomts as k rea ocrec olaoq ru aclaintfif ioomre mbership int hcei vciolmnm ui.tM yortehn at hoeht er tmiau-clriaile trsieoe­cs slutifnrgot mh "exe panosfiE ourno pteh"at to opkle ab cetwteheen siexetnctehn taunrdty h tew entSioehut Athf,r iacnadt hUen ited Sta(tmoesso tb ovuistlhyse o utUhneirtnSe tdad tuergsi t nheer oaf salvearnysd e grineog)ha atvmea niefdoe vseltnrog p eriooftd ism e a tnedentcopy u sthhp er ciinpolfde i rffeeanttniib oyr acteoi tlsgoc ial ouctoem-ak indH eorfr ensovcoilieknt w yh ichl eop fec ooplor, Xl · . Introduction xu howenvuemre roorau csc ulttuhremayat ybe ed, tarreeaa tspe edr ­ maneanltio eron ust rs.si1d e Iw atse mpatte dto inmteeo u est htee r"mri asc"m dteon otthee proceosfe stseasbl iasnhrdi antgi onwahliiptzreili nevggai en ddo ..m inainnct eht ew soo ci.Be utatif etwseeri ghtihonigps tn ci aorefI ully, cnoclutdheradat c iiss ma tmoboi gaunolduo sa ad edw ordde stcor ibe mys uebcjetff ect.Ni avrerlodywelfiynr eadc,ii assm m o doeft hought thoaffte arp sa rtiecxupllaarfn oatrth ifeoa ntc htpa otp ulgaortuiposn thactab ne d istinbgyua inscheaesrdtle ri yk teodl iyff ienrc ulture, sttauasn,pd o ewrR.a cimsatktseh cel atihmas tu cdhi fferaernec es dumea intloiy m maubtgleen eftaiccta onrds t noeo ntv ironomre ntal histcoirriccaaunlmc. sUe stesdi nt hwiasyt ,hc eo ncoefrp atc iiessx m­ tremelyf odrue ssecfrauit lbr ieinnnWgd e stetrhno ubgehttw teheen laetieg htceeenntatunhrtd yh t ew enttihehatastph r ovidkeidn d one ofr atifoonrraa lceir aelplryes soscsiiyveamselst B.u nto nwhhiatvees att imess bubujegeanto ertd r eatiendf eairsnib oorttshh Uen ited States aAnfdr wiicStaouh uttot hhae i odfa ne xplriacciiotsft m h is sorItnr. e cyeenatr s,h arcsao cmimsombn eleyun s eidna b roader senassae b ,l antkeerftmo a rl dli scartiomaricynt ioorpn oscl iideis­ recattge rdo utphso utgobh ept h ysidciasltfliryno acmd t o minoarn t "mjaor"ei lteynm.tBe utth uissa lgeea uvsew si thaos uetp awroartde fotrh e doovcetrortfbi inoel oigniecqaualan ldi tiyna hs iebnoisfte s threo tlheta htii dse ohlaopsgl ya iynes dp echiifisct soirtinuc.saa2tl i o Raci(sitmnh e bmroodaesdre,nn hsaets)h f eu rttheerrml iongoical disnatdavogafhe a vibnegeu ns esdof requaesn etaplniy t Nhooe nte., atla etsi no ur timaed,mtt i obw eigil nlra a tcT.ih sep hrase white supreomnat choyet, hh earni drs,e lanteiuva;telb rloyt h deafnedn ders opponoefan fi txser da chiiaelr ahracvbheey ew ni lltioin ngv oikte. Untrielc eAnltalbypa,rm ao cltahiem evdoi f"r wthuisetusep remacy" ini tsst amtoet; ta ontdh uep holodfSe orhusA t friacpaanr twhielild morree adaidlmyti otb eiwnhgi stuep remtahcarinas ct.isE s gtasli­ tarihaanvaesl usesod t hpihsr taoss eu mu pt hbel atfaonrotmf s ­dis crimienxaitsiitonin nS tgohh ueb t efdoersee graengsdat tpiirloelnv ail­ igni nS outAhf rtidocaa.Ay lthohuagvhme y own offem eolrianlg s I revualagsiitnor sna cpiraueldj iacnedd i scri-mainnIdat triutoshnta t thewsielb lee vidbeunuttn obtriunts hicevh ea pttheafrtols lo w-I belitehvaetp rtihnecc oinptarli obfau s tutidooyfn t hkiisn sdh ould bet oi ncruenadseer stoaftn hdei npgre oxcaemsirsnaeetsdth heartno makdei rmeocrtja dulg me.n tgIsenn eIrl aelai,vt e troe amdtyeo r s x Contents IV. LIBERTYU,N IONA,N DW HITESU PREMA·CY, 1776-190,11 63 WhitPeo litaincdts h Eem ergenocfNe e wN atio1n3s6,; Revolution, aRnedtb heLeli lmiiootnfsE, q uali1t76-y7-,1 820, 140W;h itSeu premaacnydt hAem ericSaenc tioCnoanlfl ict, 150W;h itSeu premaacndyt hAen glo-AfriCkoannfleirc t, 1820-17672E,;m ancipatRieocnosn,s truacntdPi oolnist,i cal Consolid1a7t9i on, v.I NDUSTRIAWLHIISTMLE,A BRO, ANDR ACIADLI SRCIMINATION, 199 IndustriaalnidzE atthinoPinlc u ral1i9s9mT;,h eI ndustrial LegaocfyS lavearnydt hRei soeft hMea chin2e0,5T ;h e SegmentaotfLi aobno 1r8,7 0-1291120T;,h e. EmergeonfCc lea ss andR acCeo nfli2c2t1,W; h yN oI ndustCroilaoBlra ri nt he UnitSetda te2s3?4, VI. TWOS TRANGCEA REERSSE:G REGATION INS OUTHA FRICA TAHNEDS OUTH, 239 limC rowa ndI tNatSievger egatAi Coonn"t:r 2a3s9tA;, C loser ParalSloeult:h eBrlna caknsd C apCeo lore2d5s5T,;h eE rao f Laissez-SFeagirreeg a2t5i7oT;nh ,eE mergenocfLe e galized SegregaatnidDo ins franchi2s6e8m ent, CH.RONOLOOFGM YA JOERV ENTS, 283 NOTES, 289 INDEX, 341. MAPS ThAem eri'cCaonlo ontn hiEeev soe ft he Revolution, 26 ThCea pe Ctool ony 1°833,2 ThUen eidtS tates, 16811,75 SohuA tfritchaNe i inne tCeeennttuhr y, 174 ContempSooruAatfrhry i ca, 243

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The history of race relations on two continents is enormously enriched by this comparative study
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