West over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-Borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300. A Festschrift in Honour of Dr Barbara E. Crawford (The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400-1700 AD: Peoples, Economies and Cultures)

647 Pages·2007·7.95 MB·English

by  Ballin Smith

West over Sea
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The Northern World
North Europe and the Baltic c. 400-1700 AD
Peoples, Economies and Cultures
Editors
Barbara Crawford (St. Andrews)
David Kirby (London)
Jon-Vidar Sigurdsson (Oslo)
Ingvild Øye (Bergen)
Richard W. Unger (Vancouver)
Piotr Gorecki (University of California at Riverside)
VOLUME 31
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(cid:24)(cid:18) (cid:67)(cid:72)(cid:65)(cid:80)(cid:84)(cid:69)(cid:82)(cid:0)(cid:84)(cid:87)(cid:79)
(cid:36)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:68)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:1)(cid:37)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:89)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:84)(cid:70)
West over Sea
Studies in Scandinavian Sea-Borne Expansion and
Settlement Before 1300
A FESTSCHRIFT IN HONOUR OF DR BARBARA E. CRAWFORD
Edited by
Beverley Ballin Smith
Simon Taylor
Gareth Williams
LEIDEN • BOSTON
2007
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Cover illustration: Artwork based on the town seal of Bergen c.1300. © Leslie Alan Reid.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
NOTE TO READERS
Kindly note that although Dr Barbara Crawford is the managing editor of the Northern World
series she was NOT part of the decision-making process with regard to this Festschrift in her
honour.
BRILL
ISSN: 1569–1462
ISBN: 978 90 04 15893 1
Copyright 2007 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints BRILL, Hotei Publishing,
IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.
Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV
provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center,
222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA.
Fees are subject to change.
printed in the netherlands
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CONTENTS
Foreword ..................................................................................... ix
Nicholas Brooks
Preface ......................................................................................... xiii
List of Contributors .................................................................... xv
List of Illustrations ...................................................................... xvii
List of Tables .............................................................................. xxi
County Abbreviations ................................................................. xxiii
Barbara E. Crawford—A Bibliography ..................................... xxv
PART ONE
HISTORY AND CULTURAL CONTACTS
On Reading the Icelandic Sagas: Approaches to
Old Icelandic Texts ................................................................ 3
Paul Bibire
Becoming Scottish in the thirteenth century: the evidence of
the Chronicle of Melrose ....................................................... 19
Dauvit Broun
Living on the Edge: Scandinavian Dublin in the
Twelfth Century ...................................................................... 33
Clare Downham
Image and Imagination: The Inchmarnock ‘Hostage Stone’ ... 53
Christopher Lowe
Anglo-Saxon Inscriptions found outside the British Isles .......... 69
Elisabeth Okasha
From Scotland to Normandy: The Celtic Sea Route of the
Vikings ..................................................................................... 81
Élisabeth Ridel
The appearance and personal abilities of goðar, jarlar, and
konungar: Iceland, Orkney and Norway ............................... 95
Jón Viðar Sigurðsson
‘Lords of Norroway’ The Shetland estate of Herdis
Thorvaldsdatter ....................................................................... 111
Frans-Arne Stylegar and Liv Kjørsvik Schei
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vi contents
‘These people were high-born and thought well of themselves’:
The family of Moddan of Dale ............................................. 129
Gareth Williams
The Wood Beyond the World: Jämtland and the Norwegian
Kings ....................................................................................... 153
Alex Woolf
PART TWO
THE CHURCH AND THE CULT OF SAINTS
Conversion and the Church in the Hebrides in the Viking Age:
“A Very Dif(cid:2) cult Thing Indeed” ............................................ 169
Lesley Abrams
A Norwegian in Durham: An Anatomy of a Miracle in
Reginald of Durham’s Libellus de admirandis beati Cuthberti ..... 195
Haki Antonsson, Sally Crumplin and Aidan Conti
Irish and Armenian Ecclesiastics in Medieval Iceland .............. 227
Margaret Cormack
Medieval Parish Formation in Orkney ...................................... 235
Sarah Jane Gibbon
The Church of St. Clement in Oslo ......................................... 251
Hans-Emil Lidén
The Shetland Chapel-sites Project 1999–2000 .......................... 265
Christopher D. Morris, with Kevin J. Brady and
Paul G. Johnson
PART THREE
ARCHAEOLOGY, MATERIAL CULTURE AND SETTLEMENT
Norwick: Shetland’s (cid:2) rst Viking settlement? .............................. 287
Beverley Ballin Smith
The Pirate Fishermen: The Political Economy of a Medieval
Maritime Society .................................................................... 299
James H. Barrett
‘Like stray words or letters’ The development and workings
of the Treasure Trove system ................................................. 341
Neil G. W. Curtis
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contents vii
Early Medieval Sculpture from the Faroes: an illustrated
catalogue ................................................................................. 363
Ian Fisher and Ian G. Scott
Liminality and Loss: The Material Culture of St Serf’s Priory,
Loch Leven, Kinross-shire, Scotland ...................................... 379
Mark A. Hall
Manuring practices in Scotland: deep anthropogenic soils and
the historical record ................................................................ 401
Jo McKenzie
Stobister, Sinnabist and Starrapund: three wilderness
settlements in Shetland ........................................................... 419
Brian Smith
Governor on Antiquarian Mission: Christian Pløyen—
a Faroese Link between Copenhagen and Shetland ............. 431
Steffen Stummann Hansen
PART FOUR
PLACE-NAMES AND LANGUAGE
The Scandinavian element gata outside the urbanised
settlements of the Danelaw .................................................... 445
Gillian Fellows-Jensen
An ogham-inscribed plaque from Bornais, South Uist ............. 461
Katherine Forsyth
Scandinavian Naming-Systems in the Hebrides—A Way of
Understanding how the Scandinavians were in Contact
with Gaels and Picts? .............................................................. 479
Peder Gammeltoft
The Rock of the Irishmen: an early place-name tale from Fife
and Kinross ............................................................................. 497
Simon Taylor
The Orkney Papar-names ........................................................... 515
William P. L. Thomson
Placing Papa Stour in Context ..................................................... 539
Doreen Waugh
Photographs
General Index ............................................................................. 555
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