OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/2/2018,SPi Visual Experience OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/2/2018,SPi OXFORD PHILOSOPHICAL MONOGRAPHS EditorialCommittee WILLIAMCHILD R.S.CRISP A.W.MOORE STEPHENMULHALL CHRISTOPHERG.TIMPSON OTHERTITLESINTHISSERIESINCLUDE DiscriminationandDisrespect BenjaminEidelson KnowingBetter: Virtue,Deliberation,andNormativeEthics DanielStar PotentialityandPossibility:ADispositional AccountofMetaphysicalModality BarbaraVetter MoralReason JuliaMarkovits CategoryMistakes OfraMagidor TheCriticalImagination JamesGrant FromMoralitytoMetaphysics:TheTheisticImplicationsofourEthical Commitments AngusRitchie AquinasonFriendship DanielSchwartz TheBruteWithin:AppetitiveDesireinPlatoandAristotle HendrikLorenz OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/2/2018,SPi Visual Experience A Semantic Approach Wylie Breckenridge 1 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/2/2018,SPi 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP, UnitedKingdom OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwide.Oxfordisaregisteredtrademarkof OxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountries ©WylieBreckenridge2018 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted FirstEditionpublishedin2018 Impression:1 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthe priorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermitted bylaw,bylicenceorundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographics rightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeofthe aboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,atthe addressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisworkinanyotherform andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyOxfordUniversityPress 198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NY10016,UnitedStatesofAmerica BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017954089 ISBN 978–0–19–960046–5 Printedandboundby CPIGroup(UK)Ltd,Croydon,CR04YY OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/2/2018,SPi For Tim OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/2/2018,SPi OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/2/2018,SPi Contents Acknowledgements ix 1. TheProject 1 2. ASimpleCharacter 16 3. WaysofLooking 36 4. TheMechanism 49 5. SyntacticDetails 70 6. ImplicitDomainRestriction 76 7. ConceptsandDiscrimination 86 8. Other‘Look’Sentences 97 9. OtherCharacters 115 10. TheManyPropertyProblem 125 11. ExplainingPhenomena 138 References 157 Index 163 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/2/2018,SPi OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,22/2/2018,SPi Acknowledgements ThisbookistheculminationofworkthatIfirststartedinmyB.Phil. and D.Phil. theses at Oxford, many years ago. Timothy Williamson was my supervisor. I wanted a topic that would be difficult but worthwhile, and Tim suggested the semantics of ‘look’ sentences. I went with it. It certainly has been difficult; I hope that it has been worthwhile.IoweagreatdealofthankstoTim.Hehadthewisdom toletmethinkthingsthroughbymyself,andmakemistakes,butthen expect and help me to do better. He was confident that I could do things well, and that kept me going through some tough times. The bookisdedicatedtohim. My D.Phil. thesis was also partly supervised by Stephen Pulman, in the Faculty of Linguistics. Stephen was very patient and generous with his time, and I learned a lot about formal semantics from him. I spent countless hours thrashing out ideas with my fellow graduate students,inparticularwithRichardPrice,SarahMoss,OfraMagidor, StephenKearns,NicoSilins,AndersNes,andSusannaSchellenberg. The thesis was examined by John Hawthorne and Bill Brewer. They encouragedmetodevelopitintoabook;withoutthatencouragement Ineverwouldhave. After Oxford I worked on the book during a Mellon Postdoctoral Fellowship at Cornell. The philosophy department was a great place to discuss ideas; I benefited, in particular, from discussions with David Liebesman, Nico Silins, Stephen Kearns, Christy Mag Uidhir, and Susanna Siegel (when she came to visit). I spent a lot of time hangingoutwiththelinguistsatCornell,especiallyMatsRooth,Dorit Abusch, and Sally McConnell-Ginet. They expanded my then very limitedunderstandingofhowlanguageworks. ThebulkofthebookwaswrittenafterIleftCornellandtookupa positionat Charles Sturt University. We have a small but very lively group of philosophers at CSU, and the university largely leaves us
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