User-Centered Interaction Paradigms for Universal Access in the Information Society: 8th ERCIM Workshop on User Interfaces for All , Vienna, Austria, June 28-29, 2004, Revised Selected Papers PDF
Preview User-Centered Interaction Paradigms for Universal Access in the Information Society: 8th ERCIM Workshop on User Interfaces for All , Vienna, Austria, June 28-29, 2004, Revised Selected Papers
Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3196 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard DavidHutchison LancasterUniversity,UK TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA MoniNaor WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen UniversityofDortmund,Germany MadhuSudan MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,MA,USA DemetriTerzopoulos NewYorkUniversity,NY,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA MosheY.Vardi RiceUniversity,Houston,TX,USA GerhardWeikum Max-PlanckInstituteofComputerScience,Saarbruecken,Germany Christian Stary Constantine Stephanidis (Eds.) User-Centered Interaction Paradigms for Universal Access in the Information Society 8th ERCIM Workshop on User Interfaces forAll Vienna, Austria, June 28-29, 2004 Revised Selected Papers 1 3 VolumeEditors ChristianStary UniversityofLinz DepartmentofBusinessInformationSystems,CommunicationsEngineering Freistädterstraße315,4040Linz,Austria E-mail:[email protected] ConstantineStephanidis FoundationforResearchandTechnology-Hellas(FOURTH) InstituteofComputerScience Heraklion,Crete,GR-70013,Greece E-mail:[email protected] LibraryofCongressControlNumber:Appliedfor CRSubjectClassification(1998):H.5.2,H.5.3,H.5,H.4,H.3,D.2,C.2,K.4 ISSN0302-9743 ISBN3-540-23375-XSpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Violationsareliable toprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. SpringerisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia springeronline.com ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2004 PrintedinGermany Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyOlgunComputergrafik Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:10981344 06/3142 543210 Preface The 8th ERCIM Workshop “User Interfacesfor All” was held in Vienna, Austria, on 28–29 June 2004, building upon the results of the seven previous workshops held in Heraklion,Crete,Greece,30–31October1995;Prague,CzechRepublic,7–8Novem- ber1996;Obernai,France,3–4November1997;Stockholm,Sweden,19–21October 1998; Dagstuhl, Germany, 28 November – 1 December 1999; Florence, Italy, 25–26 October2000;andParis(Chantilly),France,24–25October2002. Theconceptof“UserInterfacesforAll”targetsaproactiverealizationofthe“de- signforall”principleinthefieldofhuman-computerinteraction(HCI),andinvolvesthe developmentofuserinterfacestointeractiveapplicationsande-services,whichprovide universalaccessandusabilitytopotentiallyallusers.Inthetraditionofitspredecessors, the8thERCIMWorkshop“UserInterfacesforAll” aimedtoconsolidaterecentwork and to stimulate further discussion on the state of the art in “User Interfacesfor All” anditsincreasingrangeofapplicationsintheupcomingInformationSociety. Theemphasisofthe2004eventwason“User-CenteredInteractionParadigmsfor UniversalAccess in the InformationSociety.” The requirementfor user-centereduni- versal access stems from the growingimpact of the fusion of the emergingtechnolo- giesandfromthedifferentdimensionsofdiversitythatareintrinsictotheInformation Society. These dimensionsbecome evidentwhen consideringthe broadrange of user characteristics,thechangingnatureofhumanactivities,thevarietyofcontextsofuse, the increasing availability and diversification of information, knowledge sources and e-services,theproliferationoftechnologicalplatforms,etc.The8thERCIMWorkshop “User Interfaces for All” focused on the new HCI challenges arising from this evo- lution, and on how these affect the continuing effortstowards universalaccess in the InformationSociety. EffortstowardsuniversalaccesstoInformationSocietytechnologieshavemetwide appreciationbyanincreasingproportionoftheinternationalresearchcommunity,lead- ing to various European and international research and policy initiatives, and to the establishmentof forumsfor the diffusion and exchangeof ideas and research results. Theseinitiativescontributetoappropriatingthebenefitsoftheincreasinginternational momentumandinterestinthetopicsofuniversaldesignanduniversalaccess.Among them,theERCIMworkinggroupon“UserInterfacesforAll”playsacatalyticrolein bringing closer researchers and teams working in the different ERCIM organizations (butalsoorganizationsbeyondERCIMortheEuropeanboundaries),andsharingcom- mon interestsand aspirationsto contributetowardsmakingthe emergingInformation Societyequallyaccessibletoall. The8thERCIMWorkshop“UserInterfacesforAll”attractedthestrongesteverin- terestworldwide,withover140submissionsfromallovertheworld,coveringawide range of topics that include novel interaction paradigmsand contexts of use, innova- tive concepts of universal accessibility and sociability, new modalities and dialogue styles, user-centered design in mobile application scenarios, late-breaking empirical results with respect to assessing universally accessible applications, and standardiza- VI Preface tion efforts.Contributionsaddressednotonly technologicalsolutions,but also design paradigmsandempiricalmethodsforevaluation,aswellaspolicydevelopments.Re- flectingthisessentialvarietyoftopics,theworkshopfeaturedthetwokeynotespeeches “Interface Design Strategies to Promote Learnability for All” by Prof. Ben Shneider- man(UniversityofMaryland,USA)and“OnlineCommunitiesforAll”byProf.Jenny Preece(UniversityofMarylandBaltimoreCounty,USA). Thisvolumeisorganizedintofivethematicsections: I Implementinguser diversity.Contributionsin this section investigate several im- portant issues related to the varying characteristics and requirements of users of InformationSocietytechnologies,includingcognitiveassessmentandpersonality profiling, individual differencesand behavioralaspects of Web navigation, auto- mated assessment of clinical populations, information needs of older users, and userrequirementsrelatedtovarioustypesofcognitiveimpairments. II Adaptationandpersonalization.Contributionsinthissectiondiscussissuesrelated touserinterfaceandcontentadaptationforuniversalaccess.Addressedtopicsin- cludeadaptiveusermodeling,interactionmonitoringandusagepatternsextraction, personalizationbasedoncognitivestyles,userinterfaceadaptationformobilecom- putingdevices,andinterrelationshipsbetweenadaptationandaccessibility. III Accessibilityandusabilityofinteractiveapplicationsande-services.Papersinthis sectionpresentmethods,designguidelinesandtoolsforaccessibilityandusability inthecontextofWeb-basedapplicationsandservices,andinparticularinapplica- tiondomainssuchaseducation,health,andaccesstoinformation. IV Universalaccessanddesignforall:guidelines,standardsandpractice.Thissection includes papers discussing issues of design inclusiveness, focusing on concrete practice,andstandardselaborationandimpact. Novelinteractiontechniques,devicesandmetaphors.Thissectionproposesavari- etyofnovelapproachestouserinteraction,discussingtopicssuchasextendedfunction- alitydevices,forcefeedbackdevices,inputrateenhancementtechniques,visualization techniquesinaugmentedreality,nomadicspeechentry,hapticandaudio-basedinterac- tion,andmultimodality. We would like to thank all the contributorsand participantswho made this work- shoponeofthemostsuccessfulinternationaleventsheldsofarregardinguser-centered universalaccess.Theatmospherewascharacterizedbyin-depthandprovokingpresen- tationsaswellasfruitfulcross-disciplinarydiscourseinasociallyrewardingenviron- ment. We also wish to thank the members of the Programme Committee and all the reviewersfortheirdedicatedeffortstomaintainthehighscientificqualityoftheevent, aswellastheinvitedspeakersProf.BenShneidermanandProf.JennyPreece. June2004 ChristianStaryandConstantineStephanidis 8th ERCIM Workshop “User Interfaces for All” Vienna, Austria,28–29June2004 Special Theme:“User-Centred Interaction ParadigmsforUniversal Access in theInformationSociety” ProgrammeChair ChristianStary WorkshopChair ConstantineStephanidis LocalOrganizers AARIT AustrianComputerSociety ProgrammeCommittee Dr.RayAdams,UniversityofMiddlesex,UK Dr.DemosthenesAkoumianakis,ICS-FORTH,Greece Prof.ElizabethAndre,UniversityofAugsburg,Germany Dr.MarkusBylund,SICS,Sweden Prof.NoelleCarbonell,LORIA(CNRS,INRIA,Universite´deNancy),France Dr.P.JohnClarkson,UniversityofCambridge,UK Dr.PierLuigiEmiliani,CNR-IFAC,Italy Dr.HansW.Gellersen,LancasterUniversity,UK Prof.AndreasHolzinger,UniversityofGraz,Austria Prof.MichaelFairhurst,UniversityofKentatCanterbury,UK Mr.SeppoHaataja,NOKIAMobilePhones,Finland Dr.EijaKaasinen,VTT,Finland Dr.SimeonKeates,UniversityofCambridge,UK Dr.SriHastutiKurniawan,UMIST,UK Dr.ReinhardOppermann,Fraunhofer-FIT,Germany Dr.FabioPaterno,CNR-ISTI,Italy Dr.MichaelPieper,Fraunhofer-FIT,Germany Dr.ThomasRist,DFKI,Germany Dr.AnthonySavidis,ICS-FORTH,Greece Dr.DominiqueScapin,INRIA,France VIII 8thERCIMWorkshop“UserInterfacesforAll” Prof.ChristianStary,UniversityofLinz,Austria Prof.ConstantineStephanidis,ICS-FORTHandUniversityofCrete,Greece Prof.JeanVanderdonckt,Universite´CatholiquedeLouvain,Belgium Dr.HaraldWeber,ITA,Germany Prof.MichaelWilson,RAL,UK Dr.JuergenZiegler,UniversityofDuisburg-Essen,Germany Sponsors EuropeanResearchConsortiumforInformaticsandMathematics (ERCIM–http://www.ercim.org/) InstituteofComputerScience,FoundationforResearchandTechnology–Hellas (ICS-FORTH–http://www.ics.forth.gr/) AustrianAssociationforResearchinIT (AARIT–http://www.aarit.at/) AustrianComputerSociety (OCG–http://www.ocg.at/) Johannes-Kepler-Universita¨tLinz (JKULinz–http://www.uni-linz.ac.at/) Table of Contents PartI:Implementing UserDiversity UniversalAccessThroughClient-CentredCognitiveAssessment andPersonalityProfiling.............................................. 3 RayAdams AStudyofWeb-BasedInformationNeedsofSeniorCitizensinSingapore...... 16 Seck-PinChongandYin-LengTheng StrategiesforFindingGovernmentInformationbyOlderPeople .............. 34 PaulCurzon,SuzetteKeith,JudyWilson,andGillWhitney TowardsUniversalAccessThroughAutomatedAssessment ofDefinedClinicalPopulations ........................................ 42 MichaelC.Fairhurst,SanaulHoque,andMohamedA.Razian Sc@ut:PlatformforCommunicationinUbiquitous andAdaptiveEnvironmentsAppliedforChildrenwithAutism ............... 50 MiguelGea-Meg´ıas,NuriaMedina-Medina, Mar´ıaLuisaRodr´ıguez-Almendros,andMar´ıaJose´ Rodr´ıguez-Fo´rtiz AQuestionofRealism ............................................... 68 RichardHetherington,AlisonCrerar,andPhilTurner IndividualDifferencesandBehavioralAspectsInvolved inModelingWebNavigation .......................................... 77 IonJuvinaandHerrevanOostendorp EnablingAccesstoComputersforPeoplewithPoorReadingSkills ........... 96 AlbrechtSchmidt,ThorstenKo¨lbl,SiegfriedWagner,andWalterStraßmeier PartII:Adaptationand Personalisation PersonalisationMeetsAccessibility: TowardstheDesignofIndividualUserInterfacesforAll .................... 119 AnitaH.M.CremersandMarkA.Neerincx InterfacingtheInterface:UnificationThroughSeparation.................... 125 DavidCrombie,RogerLenoir,NeilMcKenzie,andKlausMiesenberger X TableofContents LearningUsagePatternsforPersonalizedInformationAccessine-Commerce ... 133 MarcoDegemmis,OrianaLicchelli,PasqualeLops,andGiovanniSemeraro AdaptiveUserModellinginAthosMail .................................. 149 KristiinaJokinen,KariKanto,andJyrkiRissanen APersonalisedInterfaceforWebDirectoriesBasedonCognitiveStyles ........ 159 GeorgeD.Magoulas,SherryY.Chen,andDionisiosDimakopoulos FrameworkforUserInterfaceAdaptation ................................ 167 Jing-HuaYeandJohnHerbert InterfaceTailoringforMobileComputingDevices ......................... 175 Jing-HuaYeandJohnHerbert PartIII:Accessibility andUsabilityofInteractive Applications and e-Services TowardsGuidelinesforUsabilityofe-LearningApplications................. 185 CarmeloArdito,MariaFrancescaCostabile,MarilenaDeMarsico, RosaLanzilotti,StefanoLevialdi,PaolaPlantamura,TeresaRoselli, VeronicaRossano,andManuelaTersigni AnEmpiricalMethodologyforUsabilityAnalysis ofaTouchscreen-BasedInformationKioskSystemforAfricanUsers withLowLevelsofComputerLiteracy .................................. 203 PieterBlignaut UsingAutomaticToolsinAccessibilityandUsabilityAssuranceProcesses...... 219 GiorgioBrajnik AccessibilityintheFieldofEducation................................... 235 LauraBurzagli,PierLuigiEmiliani,andPaolaGraziani SupportingWebUsabilityforVisionImpairedUsers ....................... 242 FrancescoCorreani,BarbaraLeporini,andFabioPaterno` DisabilityasaVehicleforIdentifyingHiddenAspectsofHumanActivity: InclusiveDesignandDyslexiainEducationalSoftwareDevelopment .......... 254 MarkDixon DesigningWeb-ApplicationsforMobileComputers: ExperienceswithApplicationstoMedicine............................... 262 AndreasHolzingerandMaximilianErrath EmpiricalPerformanceAnalysisofWebAccessibility inUbiquitousInformationNetwork ..................................... 268 YungBokKimandYoung-HanKim
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