US Foreign Policy and the Horn of Africa (Us Foreign Policy and Conflict in the Islamic World) PDF
Preview US Foreign Policy and the Horn of Africa (Us Foreign Policy and Conflict in the Islamic World)
US FOREIGN POLICY AND THE HORN OF AFRICA US Foreign Policy and Conflict in the Islamic World Series Editors: Tom Lansford The University of Southern Mississippi-Gulf Coast, USA Jack Kalpakian Al Akhawayn University, Morocco The proliferation of an anti-US ideology among radicalized Islamic groups has emerged as one of the most significant security concerns for the United States and contemporary global relations in the wake of the end of the Cold War. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 demonstrated the danger posed by Islamic extremists to US domestic and foreign interests. Through a wealth of case studies this new series examines the role that US foreign policy has played in exacerbating or ameliorating hostilities among and within Muslim nations as a means of exploring the rise in tension between some Islamic groups and the West. The series provides an interdisciplinary framework of analysis which, transcending traditional, narrow modes of inquiry, permits a comprehensive examination of US foreign policy in the context of the Islamic world. Other titles in the series US-Pakistan Relationship Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan A.Z. Hilali ISBN 0 7546 4220 8 Eurasia in Balance The US and the Regional Power Shift Ariel Cohen ISBN 0 7546 4449 9 Uneasy Neighbors India, Pakistan and US Foreign Policy Kanishkan Sathasivam ISBN 0 7546 3762 X US Foreign Policy and the Persian Gulf Safeguarding American Interests through Selective Multilateralism Robert J. Pauly, Jr ISBN 0 7546 3533 3 US Foreign Policy and the Horn of Africa PETER WOODWARD University of Reading, UK © Peter Woodward 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Peter Woodward has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the author of this work. Published by Ashgate Publishing Limited Ashgate Publishing Company Gower House Suite 420 Croft Road 101 Cherry Street Aldershot Burlington, VT 05401-4405 Hampshire GU11 3HR USA England Ashgate website: http://www.ashgate.com British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Woodward, Peter, 1944– US foreign policy and the Horn of Africa. – (US foreign policy and conflict in the Islamic world) 1. Islam 2. United States – Foreign relations – Africa, Northeast 3. Africa, Northeast – Foreign relations – United States 4. United States – Foreign relations – 1989– I. Title 327.7'3063 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Woodward, Peter, 1944– US foreign policy and the Horn of Africa / by Peter Woodward. p. cm. -- (US foreign policy and conflict in the Islamic world) Includes index. ISBN 0-7546-3580-5 1. United States--Foreign relations--Sudan. 2. United States--Foreign relations-- Somalia. 3. United States--Foreign relations--Africa, Northeast. 4. Sudan--Foreign relations--United States. 5. Somalia--Foreign relations--United States. 6. Africa, Northeast--Foreign relations--United States. 7. Islam and politics--Africa, Northeast. 8. United States--Foreign relations--1989– 9. Africa, Northeast--Foreign relations--1974– 10. Eritrean-Ethiopian War, 1998– I. Title. II. Series: US foreign policy and conflict in the Islamic world series E183.8.S73W66 2005 327.73063--dc22 2005023190 ISBN 0 7546 3580 5 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham, Wiltshire. Contents Acknowledgements vii Map ix Introduction xi 1 US Foreign Policy Making and the Horn of Africa 1 2 The US and the Horn in the Cold War 17 3 Facing Sudan’s Islamist Regime 37 4 Intervention in Somalia 59 5 New Friends for the US? Ethiopia, Eritrea and Djibouti 77 6 Confronting Sudan 93 7 Peacemaking in Sudan 113 8 Somalia’s Long Shadow 135 Conclusion 153 Bibliography 163 Index 167 This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgements My thanks are due to Tom Lansford and Jack Kalpakian for offering me the opportunity to write the book as one of a series ‘on the impact of US foreign policy on interstate and intrastate conflict in Muslim nations’, concerned in this case primarily with Somalia and Sudan. In the end it turned out to be as much concerned with their impact on the US as vice versa. I had not thought of writing a book on US foreign policy, but when the suggestion arrived I realized that I had had occasional involvement with various people in the US government and American organizations through the years and that it would make an interesting subject. Thanks are due too to the British Academy for funding research trips to the US in 2003 and to the Horn and East Africa in 2004. I am most grateful to all those people who gave me interviews on my travels, as well as to friends and colleagues in Europe who have been of assistance. I would thank particularly Jemera Rone and Awad al-Sid al-Karsani for their help with interviews in Washington and Khartoum respectively. Millard Burr and Bob Collins were very helpful, especially with regard to the Washington labyrinth and those who inhabit it. Special thanks to Millard Burr, David Shinn and Kjetil Tronvoll for reading some of the chapters. I alone am of course responsible for the outcome and hope that the views expressed to me have not become distorted. Peter Woodward Reading, 2005 This page intentionally left blank
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