Unlocking the Nature of the Phonological–Deep Dyslexia Continuum: The Keys to Reading Aloud

45 Pages·2014·1.06 MB·English

Unlocking the Nature of the
Phonological–Deep Dyslexia Continuum:
The Keys to Reading Aloud Are in
Phonology and Semantics

Jenni Crisp and Matthew A. Lambon
Ralph
Reading Models

The Dual Route Model The Triangle Model
of Reading (Coltheart) (Seidenberg and McClelland)
Dyslexia

Acquired Developmental
Acquired Dyslexia

Peripheral Central

► Neglect ► Deep
► Letter by Letter ► Phonological
► Attentional ► Surface
► Visual
Surface Dyslexia
• Impairment in the visual
input lexicon
• Reading through grapheme-
phoneme conversion
• More accuracy in reading
orthographically regular words
than irregular (e.g. listen)
• Errors reflect typical pronunciation ( e.g.
PINT mint)
The Primary Systems Hypothesis
(Patterson & Lammbon Ralph, 1999)
Surface Dyslexia:
Semantic impairment
produces impairment
in a predictable range
of language and non-
language activities

What about phonological
and deep dyslexia?
Phonological Dyslexia
►Central Feature – Lexicality Effect
Impairment in grapheme-phoneme
► No problem in semantics
• Cannot read pseudowords /
can read familiar words
• Some visual (badge – bandage)
and derivational errors (edition/or)
• Some effect of part of speech
(functors < verb < adj < nouns)
• Some effect of imageability (abstract<concrete)
Deep Dyslexia
► Impairment in grapheme-
phoneme conversion
► Central feature - Semantic errors
• Semantic paralexias (sergeant /soldier)
• Visual (badge – bandage) and
derivational errors (edition – editor)
• Abolished or very poor reading of
pseudo words
• Effect of part of speech (functors<verb <adj <nouns)
• Effect of imageability (abstract<concrete)
Acquired Dyslexia

Surface Phonological Deep
dyslexia dyslexia dyslexia
A continuum?
► Do phonological dyslexia and deep dyslexia
simply reflect different degrees of
impairment?
► What is their possible overlap?
► Is there a continuum in which deep dyslexia
is the end point?

phonological dyslexia deep dyslexia