TWO NEW SPECIES OF PARATHESIS (MYRSINACEAE) FROM MESOAMERICA AND NEOTYPIFICATION OF PARATHESIS ROTHSCHUHIANA

9 Pages·2003·5 MB·English

by  Jon M Ricketson

A
TWO NEW
OF
SPECIES PARATHESIS (MYRSINACEAE)
FROM AND
MESOAMERICA
NEOTYPIFICATION OF ROTHSCHUHIAN
PARATHESIS
JonM.Ricketson
John
J.Pipoly
III
Missouri Botanical Garden Garden
Fairchild Tropical
[email protected]
[email protected]; ciu5la@latin
ABSTRACT
&
ithesis, pseudocalophylla Ricketson Pipoly from Chiapas, Mexi
P.
The genus
Parathesis (A. DC.) Hook. contains 95 species distributed from
f.
northern Mexico to Panama, the Caribbean, and throughout the Andes from
Venezuela to Bolivia and adjacent Brazil. The genus defined by the unique
is
glandular and
papillae of the corolla lobes, bright yellow anthers. In preparing
the treatment of the genus Parathesis Flora Mesoamericana, two new
for spe-
were and
cies discovered, are described herewith.
[mm
pedunculis lammisque ngide rutd idpttsst luginco Jaiachnoideo dcndroideo tomentoMS
Ili
mm
petiolib 07-15(non 2 8-3 4) cm Icim^is cdxLc 1(t S (non 2 2-2 4) longo coioUa 61-6 3 (non
1
mm
mm
7.2-7.5) longa atque stammium 4 5-4 7tnon 4 4 longarum hlamcntii,2 9-3 Knon 5-
3 5) 2
m mm m
Trees to 61 Branchlets slendei angulate, 3~6 diam, densely and
tall
stiffly rutous arachnoid and dendroid tomentose Leaves with blades
cm cm
chartaceous to subcoriaceous, elliptic 8 8-14 4 long, 2 2-4 7 wide,
cm
acuminate acumen 6-16
apically the long, basally acute, decurrent on
the petiole, conspicuously and prominently punctate and punctate-lmeate,
gla-
brous above except scattered densely rufous dendroid tomentose
to the base
at
and
along the midrib, with scattered arachnoid and dendroid trichomes below

except densely so along the midrib, the midrib impressed above, prominently
20-27
raised below, the secondary veins pairs, slightly bullate above, promi-
cm
nently margins
raised below, the entire; petioles slender, marginate, 0.7-1.5
long, vestiture as in the branchlets. Inflorescences lateral, pinnate to bipinnately
cm cm
2-5
paniculate, 3.5-9.5 long, wide, pyramidal, shorter than the
leaves,
with
the rachis a vestiture as in the branchlets, the branches 3-7-flowered
cm
corymbs; peduncles unknown;
2.2-5.1 long; inflorescence bracts inflores-
cm
cence branch bracts caducous, membranous, ovate to lanceolate, 1.8-2.1 long,
mm
0.7-0.9 wide, apically conspicuously and prominently punctate and
acute,
punctate-lineate, glabrous adaxially, densely arachnoid and dendroid tomen-
tose abaxially, the veins inconspicuous, the margins entire; floral bracts simi-
mm mm
branch
lar to the inflorescence bracts but, 0.9-1.6 long, 0.3-0.5 wide;
mm
and prommently
pedicels slender, angulate, 4.3-5.5 long, conspicuously
punctate and
punctate-lineate, vestiture as in the branchlets. Flowers 5-merous;
mm mm
calyx chartaceous, 1.6-1.8 long, the tube 0.3-0.5 long, the lobes ovate,
mm mm
1.1-1.3 long, 0.8-1 wide, apically acute, conspicuously and prominently
and
punctate
punctate-lineate, glabrous within, scattered to densely pubescent
mm
with simple trichomes, the margins entire; corolla pink, chartaceous, 6.1-6.3
mm mm
long, the tube 0.6-0.8 long, the lobes lanceolate, 5.4-5.7 long, 1.2-1.5
mm
wide, apically attenuate, conspicuously and prominently punctate and
punctate-lineate, glandular-papillose within except glabrous at the very base,
scattered to densely pubescent with simple trichomes, the margins entire; sta-
mm mm
mens
4.5-4,7 long, the filaments 2.9-3.1 long, the staminal tube 0.7-
mm mm
and
0.8 long, the apically free portion 2.1-2.3 long, conspicuously
prominently punctate and
punctate-lineate, glabrous, the anthers yellow, erect,
mm mm
2-2.2
basifixed, lanceolate, long, 0.7-0.9 wide, apically acute, apicu-
basally cordate, the connective conspicuously and prominently punctate
late,
mm mm
and
punctate-lineate; pistil 5.9-6.2 long, the ovary ovate, 1.1-1.3 long,
inconspicuously punctate and punctate-lineate, glabrous except apically of
scattered to densely villous or pilose of simple multicellular trichomes, the style
mm
4.7-4.9 long, conspicuously and prominently punctate and punctate-
lineate, glabrous except basally with scattered to densely villous or pilose of
unknown.
simple multicellular trichomes, the ovules 6-8, uniseriate. Fruits
known
Distrihution—Parathesispseudocalophylla only from the type
is
Campo
collection, between Las Margaritas to Alegre, in the Mpio. of La
m
Independencia, Chiapas, Mexico, growing 2300
at elevation.
and
Ecology conservation status— Parathesis pseudocalophylla occurs in
evergreen cloud with Pinus, Quercus, Magnolia, Podocarpus,Photinia and
forests,
was
Olmediella. Because collected along a logging road, should be consid-
it it
ered threatened.
Etymology— The comes from
specific epithet close affinity to Parathesis
it
calophylla.
Panithcsis pscudoca lophyUu was at first confused witt^ ca lophylla because
P.
and
' the chartaceous to subcoriaceous, slightly bullate leaves, lateral inflo-
scences. However, P ca lophyl has densely appressed ferrugineous arachnoid
la
dendroid trichoines forming a tomentum, while in P pseudocalophylla, the
r
airs are erect, stiff and rufous. In addition, P pseudocalophylla has shorter peti-
mm
and stamens and
es perianth parts, but significantly longer to 4.7 long,
mm.
irger lanceolate instead of ovate anthers to 2.2 x 0.9
&
Ricketson nov costa
Pipoly, sp. (Fig. 2). type,
Zeledon, Parque Nacional Chirripo, Cuenca Terraba^Sierpe,
A
M, 083' 35' 21" W, 1,300-1,400 m, 17 Sep 1997 (f E. IJaro 1431
r.),
mm
m
8-10
Trees 6 Branchlets stout, angulate, in diam, densely appressed
tall.
papillose- or glandular-granulose-tomentose, glabrescent with age. Leaves: with
cm cm
18-25
blades coriaceous, elliptic to oblong, long, 7.9-10.5 wide, apically
cm
acumen
obtuse, abruptly acuminate, the 1-1.8 long, basally obtuse to
rounded, decurrent on the petiole, bullate, conspicuously and prominently
punctate and punctatc-lineate, glabrous above, essentially glabrous below but
with sparse papillae or glandular granules at the very base, the midrib im-
pressed above, prominently raised below, the secondary veins 80-110 pairs, con-
spicuously impressed above, prominently raised below, the margins entire, en-
cm
petioles slender, margmate, 2 8-3.6 long, glabrous above, appressed
rol led,
papillose- or glandular-granulose-tomentose below, glabrescent with age. In-
m
florescences terminal and the axils of the uppermost leaves, pinnate to bipin-
cm cm
27-28 22-25
nately paniculate, long, wide, pyramidal, as long or longer
3-7-
than the leaves, the rachis tomentose as in the branchlets, the branches
flowered corymbs; peduncles nearly absent
l
unkn
subtended by
inflorescence bracts
leaves;
unknown; membranous
floral bracts caducous, to chartaceous, ovate, 0.9-1.5
mm mm
long, 0.5-1 wide, apically acuminate, basally conspicuously
sessile,
and prominently punctate and punctate-lineate, glabrous adaxially, vestiture
as in the branchlets abaxially, the veins inconspicuous, the margins entire;
mm
pedicels stout, angulate, 1-2.5 long, conspicuously and prominently punc-
and
tate punctate-lineate, vestiture as in the branchlets. Flowers 5- to 6-merous;
mm mm
calyx chartaceous, 1.2-1.7 long, the tube 0.2-0.4 long, the lobes ovate,
mm mm
0.9-1.5 long, 1-1.4 wide, apically long acuminate, conspicuously and
prominently punctate and punctate-lineate, glabrous within, vestiture as in the
branchlets, the margins entire; corolla color unknown, chartaceous to coria-

mm mm
ccous, "5-5.2 long, the tube, 0.8-1 long, the lobes linear-lanceolate, 4.1-
mm mm
4.3 long, 1-1.2 wide, apically long acuminate, conspicuously and
prominently punctate and punctate-lineate, densely tomentose near the base
mm mm
within, the margins entire; stamens 2.8-3 long, the filaments 1.8-2 long,
mm mm
the staminal tube 0.5-0.7 long, the apically free portion 1.2-1.4 long,
conspicuously and prominently punctate and punctate-lineate, glabrous, the
mm mm
anthers yellow, 1.5-1.8 long, 0.6-0.8 wide, apically acuminate, apicu-
basally the connective, conspicuously and prominently punc-
sagittate,
late,
mm mm
and
tate punctate-lineate; pistil 4.3-4.6 long, the ovary ovate, 0.9-1
long, conspicuously and prominently punctate and punctate-lineate, densely
mm
tomentose with appressed simple or stellate trichomes, the style 3.4-3.6
conspicuously and prominently punctate and
long, punctate-lineate, glabrous,
mm mm
unknown. 4-5 6-9
the ovules Fruits depressed globose, long, wide, con-
spicuously and prominently punctate and punctate-lineate, densely puberu-
appressed simple inconspicuously
Icnt of finely or stellate trichoines, costate.
known
Distrihution—Parathesispseudocrassiramea only from the type
is
collection in the Parque Nacional Chirripo, San Costa Rica, growing from
Jose,
m
1300-1400
elevation.
Ecology and conservation status— Parathesis pseudocrassiramea occurs
in
premontane forests. Although seems protected in the Chirrip6 National Park,
it
known
only from the type collection and should be considered threatened
it is
Etymology— The comes from
specific epithet close affinity to Parathesis
it
The type in fruit with few partial remnant flowers and buds. The
is re-
maining buds appear house thus bud measurements
to insects, are inaccurate.
The fruits are unusual in the genus and appear as a "cauliflower" shape, how-
may
ever this be strictly because they were "juicy" at the time of collecting and
may
the "wrinkled" nature be caused by the drying process.
Parathesis pseudocrassiramea closely related to P crassiramea because
is
of the bullate leaves, terminal inflorescences, and the ovary densely puberu-
lent with finely appressed simple or trichomes. The blades
stellate leaf of
P.
pseudocrassiramea are larger, to 25 x 10.5 cm, and essentially glabrous below
but with a few papillae or glandular granules at the very base, while in
P.
crassiramea they are inconspicuously to conspicuously bizonal below with the
marginal zone glabrous and the costal zone sparsely to scattered fine appressed
may
with whitish stellate trichomes. In fruit, pseudocrassiramea also be con-
P.
with
fused cartagoana] however, the vestiture of the lower leaf surface in-
P. is
conspicuously or conspicuously bizonal and the marginal zone strongly ap-
is
pressed with dense, canescent stellate or dendroid trichomes and the costal zone
has a mixture of appressed, dense, canescent or ferrugineous to tomentose
stel-
AND NEW FROM M
N PIPOLY, SPECIES OF PARATHESIS
late and/or dendroid trichomes with scattered erect reddish dendroid tri-
chomes, which immediately two
separate the
taxa.
In addition the aforementioned novekies, revision of the genus disclosed
to
the necessity of neotypifying Parathesis rothschuhiana Mez.
Parathesis rothschuhiana Mez, Pf lanzenr. IV. 236 (Heft 9):176. 1902. (Fig. 3). Type.
NICARAGUA.
Managlia: Grenze der Berg und savanncnregion, 550 9 Mar 1894
in, (fl., fr), E.
NICARAGUA.
NUEVA
Rothschuh53} (iiOLOTYPH: B 1943, F neg.4875j; NroTVPR. SEGOVIA:
destr.
&
a la orilla del Rio Achuapa al S del Cerro Mogoton, 1,500 m, 12 Jun 1975 (fl), Atwood D.
J.
NeiU MO:
J4 (NEOTYPE, here selected: isoneotype: FTG).
A 37A
54' W], 3,000-4,000 leg |914-l,219 m], Jan 1848 U Oc> s(ai iolotype: C; lsotype: LL).
(i
).
I
m
The was March
holotype of Parathesis rothschuhiana destroyed at Berlin (B)
E
1943, thus necessitating the need to located an isotype. Unfortunately, the
Rolhschuh specimens were not widely distributed, the only other institutions
known
to house his material are Leiden (L) and the Smithsonian (US). Searches
of these herbaria, as well as the National Herbarium of Nicaragua (HNMN),
have failed to locate a duplicate specimen. In the absence of any original type
& H
material a neotype must be selected. The Atwood D. NeiU material in
is
J.
good condition with mature flowers and young Unfortunately, search
fruits. a
(HNMN)
by Alfredo Guijalva of Nicaraguan herbaria has failed to locate a du-
&
Thus we Atwood NeiU
plicate of this specimen. hereby designate the D. 14
J.
MO
sheet at as the neotype.
was
Oersted (1862) the to recognize the unique characters of this taxon,
first
when Mez
he described Ardisia/uscaOerst.var.glabrataOerst. However, (1902)
misunderstood and synonymized under
the material the variety Parathesis
Mez and between
jusca (Oerst.) failed to recognize the similarities the type of
new
Ardisiajusca Oerst. van glahrata Oerst. with his species rothschuhiana
P.
Mez. Lundell (1966) in his revision of the genus was the to synonymize the
first
taxon under Parathesis rothschuhiana but was unable to locate any type material.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We
wish thank Garden (MO)
to the Missouri Botanical (MO), Gerrit Davidse
and Mesoamericana and
the Flora Project for support, to bring Ricketson
its
We
Pi poly together to work on the project. gratefully acknowledge the loans
made
from the herbaria that this study possible, along with our collaborators
who much We
supplied us with critical material. also gratefully wish to thank
(HNMN)
Alfredo Guijalva for his diligent search for specimens in Nicaragua.
Thanks due Roy Gereau (MO) comments on
are to for the Latin diagnosis. Gerrit
Davidse and Zachary Rogers (MO) generously gave of their time to provide thor-
REFERENCES
arathesis of the Myrsinaceae. Contr. Texas Res. Found., Bot.
Das Pflanzenreich 236(Heft -437.
Engler, ed.
. IV. 9):1