Two new species of Baileya Grote (Nolidae: Risobinae) from the southeastern United States

2004·2.5 MB·

by  Vernon Antoine Brou

JournalajtheLepidopterists'Society
58(2),2004,94-99
TWO NEW SPECIES OF BAILEYA GROTE (NOLIDAE: RISOBINAE) FROM THE
SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES
Vernon Antoine Brou
Jr.
74320JackLoydRoad,AbitaSprings, Louisiana70420, USA,email:[email protected]
ABSTRACT.RecordsforsevenspeciesofthegenusBaileyaGroteinLouisianaarediscussed.AllfivedescribedNorthAmericanspeciesare
knownforthestate,thoughonlyone,Baileyaophthalmica (Guenee)waspreviouslyrecorded.Twonewspeciesaredescribed:Baileyaacadi-
ana,newspeciesandBaileya ellessyoo,newspecies.AkeytoBaileyaspeciesandimagesofadultsforallsevenspeciesareprovided.
Additionalkeywords:Louisiana, Mississippi,Sarrothripinae,Texas,voltinism.
The genus Baileya is amemberofthe Nolidae sub- Baileya acadiana Brou, new species
family Risobinae. Kitching and Rawlins (1999) re- (Figs, la, b, 2)
moved the subfamilies Nolinae and Sarrothripinae
from the Noctuidae and placed them in the family Male.Head:Colorgraytodarkgray,frontaltuftrounded;palpi
colorsimilargray;antennaesimilargray,simple,slender,andacumi-
Nolidae, recognizing that these two subfamilies are
nate. Thorax: Entire dorsal colorsimilarto head, appearinglight
more closelyrelatedto the Arctiidae than to the Noc- grayordarkgray, due to light refraction from shinyscales; frontal
tuidae, and as a result combined them as the rein- areascalesformraisedcollarondriedspecimens;scalesoftegulael-
stated family Nolidae and placed it next to the Arcti- evatedwellabovemesothorax;ventralcolorgray,includinglegs.Ab-
idae. Following this action, I treat the genus Baileya domen:Dorsalcolorasdescribedforthorax;ventralcolorlightgray.
Forewing: Dorsalgroundcolorshinygray,blackbasallinedemar-
as belonging to the family Nolidae while recognizing
catesbasalarea,ofwhichfrontalportionislightgray,caudallylight
that prior literature has Baileya placed in the Noctu- brown; areadistaltobasallinedarkgrayapproachinganarrow,of-
idae. tenobscurelineoflightgrayscalesproximallyborderingantemedial
Forbes (1954), Hodges (1983), and Covell (1984) line,becomingmoreobscureornonexistentcaudally;areabetween
list five species of Baileya Grote as occurring in antemedialandmediallinesshinygray; mediallineusuallyevident
near costal margin, occasionallyobscure, but more often indistin-
North Americanorth ofMexico, but no recordswere
guishablecaudally; distinct median areaofshinywhitescales,most
specifically mentioned for Louisiana. In the most re- prominentbetweenmedialandpostmedial linesandextendingbe-
cent list of Noctuidae for Louisiana, Chapin and yond postmedial line as small triangular area intersecting costal
Callahan (1967) include only one species, Baileya edge,andatinnermarginasaminutespotorshorttransverseline;
ophthalmica (Guenee). The purpose of this paper is postmedial line poorlydefined mesially; front-distal edge ofwhite
area defined by short, black, transverse bar obliquelyintersecting
to review the status of the genus Baileya in
costal edge, caudal half of bar forms acute or right angle as it
Louisiana, and provide descriptions for two new abruptlychangesdirectiontowardsoutermargin,formingav-shape;
species threeshortlongitudinalapicaldashesacutelyapproach,butdonot
To date, seven species have been collectedin Loui- intersectdistaledgeoffrontalportionofv-shapedbar;pseudoanal
sianausing mercuryvapor/ultraviolet light traps. Two dashesusuallytinyorobscure,sometimesformingblackzigzagnear
ofthese arenew, andare describedbelow. Amongthe innermargin; subterminallineobscureorindistinguishable, repre-
sentedmidwaybytwoorthreeminutegroupingsofblackscales,dis-
other five species, Baileya doubledayi (Guenee) has tallybordered bysimilar minute groupings ofwhitish scales; light
been taken March through August in Natchitoches dusting ofshinywhitish scales over frontal halfofwing between
and St. TammanyParishes, representingatleastthree postmedial line and outer margin, including fringe ofmost speci-
broods. Baileya ophthalmica (Guenee) has been mens; terminal line represented by series ofsometimes less con-
taken March through August in Ascension, Bossier, trastinggraytodarkergray,well-defined,crescent-shapedspotsbe-
tween veins; caudal portion of fringe uncontrastingly shiny gray;
Calcasieu, East Baton Rouge, St. Tammany, Tangipa- ventral ground color shinygray, appearingvery light gray orvery
hoa, Vernon, andWest Feliciana Parishes, represent- darkgray, dependingupon angleviewed; same lightrefraction ef-
ingatleastthreebroods. Baileyadormitans (Guenee) fectsresponsibleforpresenceorabsenceofwellmarkeddarkvein
has been taken March, June, andAugust inWest Fe- lines over entire surface depending on angle viewed; light gray
scalesalongentireinnermarginandcontinuingalongoutermargin
licianaParish, representingat leastthree broods. Bai-
asantimarginalshadebandtodarkapicalspot;crescent-shapedapi-
leya levitans (Smith) has been taken March, April, calpatchatoutermargin,eitherwellmarkedwithwhitishscalesor
and Mayin Bossier, St. Johnthe Baptist, andWest Fe- obscure with gray scales; small crescent-shaped patch ofwhitish
licianaParishes, representingonebrood. Baileyaaus- scalesproximaltodarkapicalspotalongcostalmargintodarkpost-
tralis (Grote) has been taken March through Novem- medialspot;onsomespecimensablackcostalspotorshortbarevi-
ber in West Feliciana Parish, representing at least dentatcenterofcrescent-shapedwhitishpatch;onsomespecimens
to varying degrees, second rectangular-shaped patch of whitish
four broods. Forbes (1954) and Covell (1984) re- scales along costal edge between dark postmedial and midcostal
ported threebroods foraustralis. spots,viewedfromdifferentangles,bothwhitepatchescanappear
'
Volume 5S, Number 2 95
*^S^i
Fig. 1. Baileyaspecies,a,B. acadianaType male;b,B. acadianaAllotype female;c,B. dormitansmale;d,B. ellessyooTypemale;e,B.
ettessyooAllotypefemale;f,B. levitansmale;g,B.australismale;h,B. doubledayimale;i,B. ophthalmica male.
bordered by fully encompassing crescent-shaped dark borders, gray, exceptnearbaseandalongcostal margin,darkgray;distillof
ratherthanjust darkspots at ends; terminal line andfringeas de- postmediallineusuallydarkgraywithoutmarkings,orlightgrayan-
mm
scribedfordorsalsurface;lengthx = 12.2 (11.0-13.2;n= 32). timarginalshadebandproximallvalongoutermargin;narrowouter
Hindwing:Dorsalcolorunifonnshinylighttodarkgray,fringecon- marginalbandorlineofwhitishscales,increasinginwidthapicallv
trastinglylightergray,ventralgroundcolorlightordarkgray;cres- asawhitishpatchboundeddistallvbydarkgrayterminalline.band,
cent-shapeddarkgraydiscalspot;proximalofpostmedialline,light ordistal edgeofdarkgrayarea; finewhiteline alongentirecostal
96 Journalofthe Lepidopterists' Society
edge. Genitalia: (n = 8) (Fig. 2)Valvesbilaterallysymmetric,ven- Baileya ellessyoo Brou, new species
tralmarginsoftenslightlymoreconvexthandorsal margins,homo- (Figs. Id, e, 2)
geneous,broadbases,apicallyobtuse;oblongspatulatedistallobes,
dorsalmarginsslightlymoreconvex;basalportionofrightprocessof Male.Head:Colorgray,frontaltuftrounded;palpicolorsimilaror
sacculusstout,distalportionarcuate,ensiform,acuminate.Female. contrastinglylightergray.Antennae:Simple,similargraycolor.Tho-
Head,Thorax, andAbdomen:Asdescribedformale. Forewing: rax:Dorsalcolorsimilartohead,appearinggrayorverydarkgray,due
Dorsalandventralcolorsasdescribedformale,exceptwhitescales tolightrefractionfromshinyscales;scalesonfrontalareaformaraised
often more pronounced and numerous; length x = 13.3 mm collar on dried specimens; scales of tegula elevated well above
(12.5-13.9; n = 22). Hindwing: Dorsal and ventral colors as de- mesothorax;ventralcolorgrayorlightgray,includinglegs.Abdomen:
scribedformale. Genitalia: (n =5) (Fig. 2)Appendixbursanearly Dorsal color same as described for thorax; ventral color light gray.
halfthesizeofthecorpusbursa, asinglesignum intheformofan Forewing:Dorsalgroundcolormonochromeleadgray,entirelyover-
elongatedrasp-likebandonsidesurfaceofcorpusbursa. laidwith medium intensitysheen; basal lineobscureornonexistent,
Types.Holotype6"(Fig.la),USA,Louisiana,St.TammanyParish, smallamountotwhitishorlightgrayscalesatbase,onsomebarelyev-
4.2miles(6.Skm)NEAbitaSprings,sec.24,T6S,R12E,5June1989. ident;areadistaltobasallineleadgrayapproachingobscureanteme-
Allotype 9 (Fig. lb), same locality, 20 April 1992. Faratypes: Al- dial line, which on some is indiscernible; fine, delicateline ofshiny
abama,26and29,DeKalbandMunroeCounties,4Aprilto19May whitish scales proximally bordering antemedial line extending from
1990-95, Arkansas, Arkansas County, 1 9 20 Aug 1970, Madison costaltoinnermargins;areabetweenantemedialandmediallinesuni-
County, Blue Springs State Park, 2 6 and3 927-31 May 1966-71, formlyblanketed with same delicate, light dusting ofshinywhitish
WashingtonCounty,2630May1979,Louisiana,597dand4049,As- scales; medianlineobscure, moreoftenindiscernible;reniformspot
cension,Bossier,Iberville,Natchitoches,St.JohndieBaptist,St.Tam- nearlyindistinguishabletodistincttiny,nearlyblackdot,onsome,few
many,Tangipahoa,andWestFelicianaParishes,20February-22Oc- white scalesincenterappearingas minuteeyespot; blanketofshiny
tober1961-2003;Mississippi,114oand1309,Adams,Amite,Forest, whitishscalesdistalofgraymedianline,togray,oftenobscureorsome-
Franklin, George, Grenada, Hancock, Harrison, Hinds, Holmes, Is- timesindistinguishablepostmedial line; postmedial linedistallybor-
saquena,Lafayette,Lauderdale,Lowndes,Madison,Oktibbeha,Pearl deredbyfineobscurelineofshinywhitishscales,sometimesbarelyev-
River, Pike, Lee, Rankin, Smith, Tishomingo, Warren andWinston ident;this finewhitish lineborderedbydarkgray, sometimesbroad
Counties, February-December 1959-2001, Texas, San Jacinto anddiffuseline,extendingfromcostaltoinnermarginswhereitmeets
County, 1912May1985. Holotype,allotype,andparatypesdeposited dieendsofcrescent-shapedobscurezigzagsubterminalline;subter-
in Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville. Additional minalfinedarkgray,distallyborderedbyirregular,oftenunconnected
paratypes deposited in Canadian National Collection ofInsects and groupings ofwhite scales; areabetween subterminal line and outer
Arachnids, Ontario; Louisiana State Arthropod Museum, Baton marginleadgray, moreoftenwithobscuredustingofwhitish scales;
Rouge;MississippiEntomologicalMuseum;anddieprivatecollections delicateandthinterminallineoccurringasaseriesofcontrastingdark
ofE. Metzler,R. Kergosien, E.C. Knudson,andtheauthor. Primary grayspotsbetweenveins;fringeuncontrastinglygray;ventralground
typesaredesignatedwiththewordsHolotypeandAllotypeonwhite colorshinylightgrayordarkgray,dependinguponangleviewed;light
labels outlined with red color, secondary types designated with the grayscalesalongentireinnermargin,andcontinuingalongoutermar-
wordParatypeonwhitelabelsoutlinedwithbluecolor. gin as obscure antemarginal shade band intersecting costal margin
Distribution. Baileya acadiana has been eon- subterminally; maculation limited to faintly dark reniform spot and
obscure subterminal line; tiiis line sometimes evident simply as a
firmed from the states of Alabama, Arkansas, Loui- shade change proximal to antemarginal shade band, small crescent-
siana, Mississippi, and Texas. In Louisiana it is the shaped subterminal patch ofwhitish scales along costal margin; on
most commonlyencounteredspecies ofBaileya. somespecimens,adarkcostalspotatcenterofcrescent-shapedpatch,
Flight period. In Louisiana, Baileya acadiana has andsparsewhitishscalesevidentmediallyalongcostalmargin;termi-
mm
nallineandhingeasdescribedfordorsalsurface;lengthx= 15.1
threeannualbroods, firstbroodpeakingaroundAprilS, (14.3-16.3;n =28). Hindwing: Dorsalcoloruniformlygray,shinyor
subsequentbroodspeakingat60-dayintervals (Fig. 3). dulldependinguponangleviewed;onsomespecimenscolorbecomes
Etymology. The epithet is derived from die collo- lightergraybasally; terminal line often representedonlyby distinct
quial term for the region as well as the endemic hu- changefromgraytolightergrayfringecolor;fringelongitudinallybi-
man populations, early settlers in the southern rural sectedbybolddarkline;ventralgroundcolorverylightgraytowhitish,
regions of Louisiana, the Acadians (Cajuns), French generouslypepperedwithvaryingamountsofdarkgrayscales.Geni-
talia: (n = 8) (Fig. 2) Valves bilaterally symmetric, homogeneous,
settlerswho traveledto Louisiana from (Acadia) Nova broadbases,dorsalmarginsmarkedlyconvex,ventralmarginsgently
Scotia. Baileya acadiana is the only common Baileya curvingapproachingnearlyobtuse apex; elongated, spatulate, distal
species known to occurin diese soudiern areas ofthe lobes,dorsalmarginsmarkedlyconvex;distalportionofrightprocess
state. ofsacculuscurvilinear,acuminate.Female.Head,Thorax,andAb-
Diagnosis. Baileya acadiana appears to be most domen:asdescribedformale.Forewing:Dorsalandventralcolorsas
describedformale,exceptwhitescalesoccasionallymorepronounced
closely related to B. donnitans on the basis ofvesica andnumerous; lengdix = 15.2mm(13.9-16.7:n =20). Hindwing:
characteristics, though the spatulate lobes ofacadiana Dorsal andventral colors as described formale. Genitalia: (n = 5)
are shorter in length and less curved than in donni- (Fig.2)Appendixbursaone-fourthofthesizeofthesomewhatelon-
tans. B. acadiana and donnitans also share a distinct gatedcorpusbursa,singlesignumindieformofarasp-likeelongated
bandonsurfaceofthecorpusbursa.
black forewing basal line, though donnitans lacks the
Types,holotyped(Fig.Id),USA,Louisiana,NatchitochesParish,
distinct forewing median area ofwhitish scales found Kisatchie National Forest, nearGorum, 10 March 1986. allotype 9
onacadiana. (Fig. le), same locality and date, paratypes: Alabama, Barbour
Volume 58, Number 2 97
Baileya
ellessyoo
Baileya ophthalmica
FIG.2. GenitaliaofBailei/a species.
County, Blue Springs St. Pk. 1 9 17April 1976, MonroeCounty,29 CreekUnit,198April1995,SabineCount)',Sixmile,2613-14March,
(4-5)April1995,Florida,LibertyCounty,TorreyaStatePark,26*and 1989,SanJacintoCount)',DoubleLakeRec.Area,Coldspring.39 IS
I March 1979-95,Georgia,GilmerCounty, 169April 1992,Gor- March 1990. Holohpe, allohpe. andparahpesdepositedin Florida
donCounty,16and2913-192001-02,MorganCounty,HardLabor StateCollectionofArthropods,Gainesville.Additionalparahpesde-
Cr. S.P.76and3918April 1988,WhitfieldCounty, 18March 1995, positedinCanadianNationalCollectionofInsectsandArachnids.On-
Louisiana,samelocalityastype,10£and19,MarchandApril 1986, tario;FloridaStateCollectionofArthropods; LouisianaStateArthro-
Mississippi,Tishomingo,Lee,andWinstonCounties,1156and429, podMuseum BatonRouge;MississippiEntomologicalMuseum:and
March-May, 1986-99, Missouri, BarryCounty, 1 9 16 April 1967, dieprivatecollectionsofE.Metzler,R.Kergosien,E.C.Knudson.and
Franklin County, 1 i 9 April 1976, Texas, Polk County, Big Sandy dieauthor.PrimarytypesaredesignatedwithdiewordsHolohpeand
98 Journalofthe Lepidopterists' Society
acadiana is the most widespread and commonly en-
La countered memberofthegenusin Louisianaand Mis-
sissippi, and its wingpattern is most similar to B. dor-
mitans and B. levitans. Males of B. acadiana may
,.J ilk sometimes be confused with males of B. dormitans,
lUlbL
while some females ofB. acadiana appear similar to
4.2Fmiig..N3.EABbaiitlaeySapraicnagds,iaLnoauiasdiualntas,cnap=tu1r2e0d0atsec.24,T6S, R12E. females ofbothB. dormitans andB. levitans. Similarly,
B. ellessyoo is nearest in appearance to B. levitans.
Allotypeonwhitelabelsoutlinedwithredcolor,secondarytypesdes- Baileya ellessyoo is the largest in size and most incon-
ignatedwithwordParatypeonwhitelabelsoutlinedwithbluecolor. spicuouslymarkedofknown Baileya species.
Distribution. Baileya ellessyoo has been confirmed The rightvalvae ofall five previouslydescribed Bai-
from the states of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Loui- leya species were illustrated by Forbes (1954). All
siana, Mississippi, Missouri, NorthCarolina, andTexas. male species ofBaileya exhibit a short to long bilater-
Flight Period. In Louisiana, Baileya ellessyoo has a allysymmetrical distal lobe extendingfrom thebaseat
single annual springbroodpeakingin March andApril. the dorsal edge of each valvae. A comparison ofthe
Etymology. The epithet is a rhyme ofthe acronym male genitalia ofB. dormitans, B. levitans, B. acadi-
for Louisiana State University(LSU). ana, and B. ellessyoo from Louisiana indicates that
Diagnosis. Baileya ellessyoo appears to be most each species is separable (Fig. 2), with the valves, dis-
closely related to B. levitans on the basis of vesica tal lobes, and saccularprocesses differing significantly
characteristics, though it differs from B. levitans in in size and shape among these tour species. In
lacking a black ring around the reniform spot and in Louisiana, the genitalia of male B. dormitans (Fig. 2)
having a more even fore-wing ground color, without exhibit a long, lanceolate right valvae, end tapering
white medial shadingandwithout adarklineproximal somewhat symmetrically to a blunt point; process of
to the subterminal line characteristic oflevitans. The sacculus barely sinuous and acuminate; elongated,
two species also differ in male genitaliawith ellessyoo spatulate distal lobes; all characteristics illustrated in
exhibitingabroadervalvaewith longerandlesscurved Forbes (1954). In Louisiana, the genitalia ofmale B.
spatulate lobes thanthat oilevitans. levitans (Fig. 2) exhibit ashort asymmetrical rightval-
vae, the ventral edge arciform, gently curving to a
Discussion
blunt end, dorsal edge straight, curving near blunt
Three species ofBaileya have a conspicuous white end; process ofsacculus nearlystraightandacuminate;
forewingbasal patch: B, australis, B. doubledayi, and short, straight-edged, non-spatulate, obtuse, distal
B. ophthalmica (Fig. lg-i). The two new species, B. lobes; all characteristics illustrated in Forbes (1954).
dormitans (Fig. lc), and B. levitans (Fig. If) all lack The male genitaliaofB. ophthalmica is also illustrated
the prominent white forewing basal patch. Baileya here forcomparison (Fig. 2).
Keyto Baileya Species
1. Basalareaofforewingwithwhiteshading(occasionallywhiteabsentinsomeophthalmica,butinthesetheblackbasalline
extendsdowntotheposteriormarginofthewing) 2
Basalareaofforewinggray:basallineifpresent,extendingtoanalvein 4
2. Forewingwithpostmediallinewhite,oblique,almoststraight doubledayi
Forewingwithpostmediallineblack,usuallyobscure,wavyandscalloped 3
3. Forewingwithblackbaradjacenttocosta,oninnermarginofsubterminallinestraight;reniformspotobscure(adarksmudge)
australis
Blackbaradjacenttocostacurved,C-shaped:reniformspotdistinct,ablackdotsurroundedbyalineformingacircle ophthalmica
4. Forewingwithprominentblackbaradjacenttosubterminallinenearcostaandseveralblackstreaksnearapex 5
Forewingwithoutcontrastingblackmarkstowardscostaorwithdiffusedarkershadinginarea 6
5. Largerspecies,forewing13to15mm;medianareasimilarincolortosubterminalandbasalareasorslightlypaler;reniformspot
adarkspot dormitans
Smallerspecies,forewing11to 13mm;extensivesilvery-grayshadinginupperportionofmedianarea;reniformspotdistinct,
ablackdotsurroundedbyablacklineformingacircle acadiana
6. Forewinggenerallycontrastingwithpaleshadinginmedianareaanddarkershadingadjacenttosubterminalline;reniform
spotdistinct,ablackdotsurroundedbyablacklineformingacircle levitans
Forewinganevengraycolorwithonlyslightlypalershadinginmedianarea;reniformspotadarkerblackish-graydot ellessyoo
Volume 58. Number 2 99
Acknowledgements Forbes,W.T. M. 1954. LepidopteraofNewYorkandneighboring
rReiccoIhradtrshd,aonBrkraoiwtdnhee,dTifnooltmlhiosFwaipinrrgo,jeLicantdw:irJveiandmuceaeslsGKa.lwlAh,doaJmosshu,npCpBhl.airHeldeepspsnpBeeorcri,dmeelRnoinsc,,k HodgsA3et2mas9et.,ersiI.tcRh.NaaocncWaot,.ruNtihedeatowef,aYlMoP.eraxkri,1tc948oI33.II3..Ep.CCpho.Wer.cnkeClllilasstUsneioyvf.LttAhdge.r.aLnEexdppiT.dhoSept.tWeMereadmgo.ef
Kergosien, EdwardC. Knudson, Bryant Mather,and Eric Metzler,
waigdesraspnedcihaellptfhualnkcsrittoiqDuoeninLtahfiosnitnaviensetifgoartitohne.excellentgenitaliaim- Kitc3hE5in5nt-co4,m0o1lI... IRJ.nes&.KrFioJs.utneEdn.s.e,nR,CaawNml.birnPis.d.g(eed1:.9)9U,9n.iLve.pTihPdreoepstsN,eorcxatx:iuvomi+odta2he8.s4paPpnp.d.
butterflies. Vol. 1: evolution, systematics and biogeographv.
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