The Tsarist Secret Police Abroad: Policing Europe in a Modernising World PDF
Preview The Tsarist Secret Police Abroad: Policing Europe in a Modernising World
The Tsarist Secret Police Abroad Policing Europe in a Modernising World Fredric S. Zuckerman The Tsarist Secret Police Abroad Also by Fredric S. Zuckerman THE TSARIST SECRET POLICE IN RUSSIAN SOCIETY, 1880–1917 The Tsarist Secret Police Abroad Policing Europe in a Modernising World Fredric S. Zuckerman Senior Lecturer in History University of Adelaide Australia © Fredric S. Zuckerman 2003 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2003 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 1–4039–0438–3 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Zuckerman, Fredric Scott, 1944– The Tsarist Secret Police abroad : policing Europe in a modernising world/by Fredric S. Zuckerman. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1–4039–0438–3 (cloth) 1. Russia. Departament poliëìåi. Zagranichnaëì agentura (Paris) 2. Intelligence service—Russia. 3. Intelligence service—France—Paris. 4. Secret service— Russia. 5. Espionage, Russian—Europe. 6. Russians—Europe. I. Title. HV8225.7.O54 Z82 2003 363.28′3′094709034—dc21 2002068340 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham and Eastbourne For Lorre, Michael and Nicola This page intentionally left blank Contents List of Tables ix Acknowledgements x A Note on Transliteration and Dates xi A Note on Police Terminology xii Abbreviations and Glossary xiii Preface xv Part I Turmoil, Émigrés and the Development of Political Policing in Western Europe 1 1 Europe in Turmoil: Protest, Violence and Maintaining Order in a Changing World 3 2 Émigré Lives: the Russian Revolutionary Abroad 29 3 Brothers in Arms? The Beginnings of International Police Co-operation and the Russian Revolutionary Emigration 56 Part II The Foreign Agentura: the Russian Secret Police Abroad 71 4 The Russian Secret Police Abroad: the Early Years 73 5 Bureaucrats and Case Officers: the Sinews of the Paris Office 87 6 Europeans and Russians in the Service of the Tsarist Secret Police: the Detectives and Undercover Agents in Exile 102 7 P. I. Rachkovskii: Adventure, Intrigue and the Foreign Agentura, 1884–1902 124 8 Alignments and Alliances: L. A. Rataev and A. M. Harting, 1902–1905 151 9 The 1905 Revolution and the Foreign Agentura: Harting’s Campaign Against Munitions Contraband, 1905–1908 166 10 A. A. Krasil′nikov and the Reshaping of the Foreign Agentura: Aspects of the Problems of Political Police Reform, 1909–1914 178 11 A Revolutionary Strikes Back: Vladimir Burtsev Against the Tsarist Secret Police, 1907–1914 193 vii viii Contents Conclusion and Epilogue 212 Appendixes 223 A.1: The Foreign Agentura’s Undercover Agents – Personal Data 223 A.2: The Foreign Agentura’s Undercover Agents – Professional Information 226 Notes 228 Select Bibliography 258 Index 270 List of Tables 6.1 Detectives hired by the Foreign Agentura 1909–1913 103 6.2 Detectives’ age at time of employment 105 6.3 Detective age–experience correlation 105 6.4 Foreign Agentura detectives: Bittard-Monin’s summer schedule June 1912 106 6.5 Professional backgrounds of persons volunteering for service in the Foreign Agentura’s Internal Agency 115 ix
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