The Sustainable Laboratory Handbook: Design, Equipment, and Operation

592 Pages·2015·9.9 MB·English

by  Egbert Dittrich

Editedby
EgbertDittrich
TheSustainableLaboratoryHandbook
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EditedbyEgbertDittrich
The Sustainable Laboratory Handbook
Design,Equipment,Operation
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V
Contents
ListofContributors XXIII
Preface XXVII
PartI LaboratoryBuildingandLaboratoryEquipment–Subjectsof
LaboratoryDesignofBuildingandEquipment 1
EgbertDittrich
1 Introduction:LaboratoryTypologies 3
ChristophHeinekamp
1.1 Purpose 4
1.2 ScienceDirection 5
1.3 FieldsofActivities 6
1.4 WorkingMethods 8
1.5 PhysicalStructure 8
1.5.1 WhatistheConclusionResultingfromtheEvaluationoftheLab
AllocationTree? 8
1.5.2 Use-SpecificandBuilding-RelatedNeedsandRequirements 9
1.5.3 DeterminationoftheAreasforIndependentBuildingsorSpecial
Components 10
1.5.4 DeterminationoftheAreasasRestrictedAreas 10
1.5.5 AreaswithLocksandAccessArea 10
1.5.6 DeterminationofAreaswithSpecialRequirementsRegardingFire
andExplosionProtection 11
1.5.7 DeterminationofAreasfortheLaboratoryEquipment 11
1.5.8 DeterminationofAreasforSpecialLaboratories 11
1.5.9 DeterminationofStandardLaboratoryAreas 11
1.5.10 ConceptionLaboratoryBuilding 11
1.6 Conclusion 12
2 RequirementsandDeterminationofRequirements 13
ChristophHeinekamp
2.1 AreaMisusethroughWrongGrids 16
VI Contents
2.1.1 DeterminationofRequirementsofWorkplacesandStorageSpacefor
ExtraEquipment 16
2.1.2 FlexibleLaboratorySpace 20
3 LaboratoryConceptandWorkstations 21
ChristophHeinekamp
4 DeterminationofUserNeeds–Goal-OrientedCommunication
betweenPlannersandUsersasaBasisforSustainableBuilding 31
BertholdSchiemenzandStefanKrause
4.1 WorkAreas 33
4.2 WorkFlowsandRoomGroups 34
5 CorporateArchitecture–ArchitectureofKnowledge 37
TobiasEll
5.1 Image-TheLaboratoryasaBrand 38
5.2 Innovation-TheLaboratoryastheOriginofKnowledge 39
5.3 Excellence:TheLaboratoryasaMagnetforHighPotentials 40
6 SchedulerTasksinthePlanningProcess 43
MarkusHammes
6.1 ProjectPreparation 44
6.2 IntegralPlanningTeams 44
6.3 UserParticipation 45
6.4 PlanningProcess 45
6.5 ExecutionPhase 46
6.6 Commissioning 46
6.7 Conclusion 47
6.8 BestPractice 47
6.8.1 Project:CenterforFree-ElectronLaserScienceCFEL,
Hamburg-Bahrenfeld 47
6.8.2 Project:MaxPlanckInstituteforAgingBiology,Cologne,
Germany 50
7 SpaceforCommunicationintheLaboratoryBuilding 55
MarkusHammes
7.1 DefinitionofTerms 55
7.2 HistoricalDevelopment 56
7.3 DevelopmentintheModernAge-WhyandWhenWereTheseIdeal
ConceptionsLost? 57
7.3.1 WhyIsCommunicationImportantintheLaboratoryBuilding? 60
7.3.1.1 CommunicationPromotesKnowledgeandInnovation 60
7.3.1.2 CommunicationandSafetyintheLaboratoryisNota
Contradiction 61
Contents VII
7.3.2 HowDoesSpaceforCommunicationEvolve? 61
7.4 ConclusionforFutureConcepts 61
8 FirePrecautions 63
MarkusBauch
8.1 PreventiveFireProtection 63
8.1.1 Scope 63
8.1.1.1 FireProtection 63
8.1.2 LegalFramework–ConstructionLaw 64
8.1.3 ModelBuildingCode 64
8.1.3.1 Walls,Ceilings,andRoofs 65
8.1.3.2 Ceilings,Roofs 65
8.1.3.3 Section33(MBC) 66
8.1.4 SpecialBuildingCodes 67
8.1.5 OtherRulesandRegulationsIncludingStructuralFireProtection
RequirementsforLaboratories 67
8.1.5.1 TRGS526/BGR120/BGI850-0 67
8.1.5.2 EscapeandRescueRoutes 68
8.1.5.3 Doors 68
8.1.5.4 Shut-OffValves 68
8.1.5.5 FireAlarmSystems 68
8.1.5.6 AirVentilationUnits 69
8.2 FireProtectionSolutionforLaboratoryBuildings 69
8.3 FireProtectionSolutionsforLaboratoryBuildings–
Examples 70
8.3.1 ClassicLaboratory 70
8.3.2 LaboratoryUnits 71
8.3.3 OpenArchitectureLaboratories 72
8.3.4 ParticularCases 73
8.3.5 ProblemofExistingBuildings 74
PartII LayoutofTechnicalBuildingTrades 77
EgbertDittrich
9 DevelopmentinTermsofBuildingTechnologyandRequirementsof
TechnicalBuildingEquipment 81
HermannZeltner
9.1 FieldofResearch 82
9.2 RequiredFlexibilityofLaboratoryAreas 83
9.3 NumberofFloors,HeightoftheFloor,andDevelopmentExtentof
theLaboratoryArea(LaboratoryLandscape) 85
9.4 PlumbingServices 86
9.5 ElectricalInstallation 88
9.6 Ventilation 89
VIII Contents
9.7 DeterminationandOptimizationoftheAirChangesQuantitiesand
DefinitionofAirSystemsRequired 90
9.8 CreationofanEnergy-OptimizedDuctSystem 93
10 VentilationandAirConditioningTechnology 95
RolandRydzewski
10.1 Introduction 95
10.1.1 GeneralNote 96
10.2 AirSupplyofLaboratoryRooms 96
10.2.1 ExtractSystems 97
10.2.2 RemovalofRoomCoolingLoad 98
10.2.3 SupplyAir 99
10.3 Air-FlowRoutingintheRoom 99
10.3.1 MixedVentilation 101
10.3.2 DisplacementVentilation 101
10.4 NumericalFlowSimulation(ComputationalFluidDynamics
(CFD)) 102
10.4.1 CaseExample1:ComparisonofSupply-AirSystems:SwirlDiffuser+
CeilingSail/TextileDiffuser 104
10.4.2 CaseExample2:ComparisonofSupply-AirSystems:SwirlDiffuser,
FlushwiththeCeiling/DisplacementDiffuserontheCeiling 104
10.4.3 CaseExample3:VentilationOptimizationofaModelLab
Room 105
10.4.4 CaseExample4:LaboratoryforLaserPhysics(Fritz-Haber-Institute
Berlin) 108
10.5 Energy-EfficientSystemsEngineering 110
10.5.1 Fans 110
10.5.2 HeatRecovery 111
10.5.3 HumidityTreatmentofSupplyAir 113
10.6 InstallationConceptsforLaboratoryBuildingsfromthePointof
ViewofVentilationandAir-ConditioningPlanning 114
10.6.1 ArrangementoftheCentralVentilationUnitintheBuilding 114
10.6.2 CentralUnits 116
10.6.3 VerticalAccess 116
10.6.4 HorizontalAccess 117
11 ElectricalInstallations 119
OliverEngel
11.1 PowerSupply 119
11.1.1 GeneralDistribution 119
11.1.2 Shutdowns 120
11.1.2.1 EmergencyShutdown 120
11.1.3 Consumers 120
11.1.3.1 PlugConnections 120
11.1.3.2 SwitchesandSockets 120