THE PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS OF THE CRITICALLY ILL MOUSE BASIC SCIENCE FOR THE CARDIOLOGIST 1. B. Swynghedauw (ed.): Molecular Cardiology for the Cardiologist. Second Edition. 1998 ISBN 0-7923-8323-0 2. B. Levy, A. Tedgui (eds.): Biology of the Arterial Wall 1999 ISBN 0-7923-8458-X 3. M.R. Sanders, J.B. Kostis (eds.): Molecular Cardiology in Clinical Practice. 1999 ISBN 0-7923-8602-7 4. B.Ostadal, F. Kolar (eds.): Cardiac Ischemia: From Injury to Protection. 1999 ISBN 0-7923-8642-6 5. H. Schunkert, G.A.J. Riegger (eds.): Apoptosis in Cardiac Biology. 1999 ISBN 0-7923-8648-5 6. A. Mälliani, (ed.): Principles of Cardiovascular Neural Regulation in Health and Disease. 2000 ISBN 0-7923-7775-3 7. P. Benlian: Genetics of Dyslipidemia. 2001 ISBN 0-7923-7362-6 8. D. Young: Role of Potassium in Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine. 2001 ISBN 0-7923-7376-6 9. E. Carmeliet, J. Vereecke: Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology. 2002 ISBN 0-7923-7544-0 10. C. Holubarsch: Mechanics and Energetics of the Myocardium. 2002 ISBN 0-7923-7570-X 11. J.S. Ingwall: ATP and the Heart. 2002 ISBN 1-4020-7093-4 12. W.C. De Mello, M.J. Janse: Heart Cell Coupling andImpuse Propagation in Health and Disease. 2002 ISBN 1 -4020-7182-5 13. P.P.-Dimitrow: Coronary Flow Reserve - Measurement and Application: Focus on transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. 2002 ISBN 1 -4020-7213-9 14. G.A. Danieli: Genetics and Genomics for the Cardiologist. 2002 ISBN 1-4020-7309-7 15. F.A. Schneider, LR. Siska, J. A. Avram: Clinical Physiology of the Venous System. 2003 ISBN 1-4020-7411-5 16. Can Ince: Physiological Genomics of the Critically III Mouse. 2004 ISBN 1-4020-7641-X SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC THE PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS OF THE CRITICALLY ILL MOUSE edited by CAN INCE Department of Physiology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam The Netherlands SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publieation Data A CLP. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. The Physiological Genomics of the Critically 111 Mouse edited by Can Ince ISBN 978-1-4613-5099-6 ISBN 978-1-4615-0483-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-0483-2 Copyright © 2004 by Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2004 Sofltcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2004 All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Permission for books published in Europe: [email protected] Permissions for books published in the United States of America: [email protected] Printed on acid-free paper. The Publisher offers discounts on this book for course use and bulk purchases. For further information, send email to <Melibsa [email protected]>. Content Contributing Authors IX Foreword xvii Section I: Physiological Monitoring of the Mouse Assessment of quality in commercially supplied genetically modified animals ADRIAN A. DEENY 3 Cannulation techniques for multiple blood withdrawal in mice EDWIN SPOELSTRA AND RENE REMIE II Mouse anesthesia in relation to optimal hemodynamics COERT J. ZUURBIER, VANESSA M. EMONS, ANNEKE KOEMAN AND CAN INCE 23 Mechanical ventilation of mice LOTHAR A. SCHWARTE AND CAN INCE 35 Mouse echocardiography A TTILA KOVACS AND MICHAEL COURTOIS 53 Optical Spectroscopy in mice EGBERT G. MIK AND CAN INCE 73 vi Physiological Genomics of the Critically III Mouse ECG monitoring and analyses in mice Ivo AMENDE, J. MATTHEW DUBACH, KATRINA PISKORSKI,JAMES P. MORGAN, AND THOMAS G. HAMPTON 89 High-definition magnetic resonance of genetically modified mice KLAAS NICOLAY, GUSTAV J. STRUKERS, JEANINE J. PROMPERS, AND MAARTEN R. DROST 101 Pet studies in the mouse ADRIAAN A. LAMMERTSMA 119 Mouse telemetry for long-term monitoring KLAAS KRAMER AND STEVE HACHTMAN 127 Section II: Cardiovascular Pathophysiology of the Mouse 143 Physiological genomics of reperfusion injury THORSTEN VOWINKEL AND D. NEIL GRANGER 145 iNOS-deficient mice in the study of resuscitated sepsis STEVEN M. HOLLENBERG. 159 The microcirulation in hypercholesterolemic mice ALINA CONSTANTINESCU AND HANS VINK 179 The mouse in shock MARTIN G. SCHWACHA AND IRS HAD H. CHAUDRY 187 Expression systems to analyze trans genes in the heart PETRA E.M.H. HABETS, ANTOON F.M. MOORMAN AND VINCENT M. CHRISTOFFELS 201 Structural and functional adaptations of the heart after coronary artery ligation in the Mouse BEN JANSSEN, TUL DE CELLE, JOS PAQUAY, Jos SMITS, AND MATTHIJS BLANKESTEIJN 211 Mouse models of sepsis GERD ALBUSZIES 225 Physiological Genomics oft he Critically III Mouse vii Mouse models for arterial thrombosis: does clotting make a difference in human cardiovascular disease? HJALMAR HANSEN AND HUGO TEN CATE 239 Identification of mouse models of cardiovascular disease using mutagenesis KAREN L. SVENSON 257 Acute lung injury and pneumonia in mice MARCUS J. SCHULTZ AND TOM V AN DER POLL 275 Section III: Treating the Critically III Mouse 289 Endothelial nitric oxide synthase in cardiovascular homeostasis and disease DIRK J. DUNCKER, RIEN VAN HAPEREN, ELZA VAN DEEL, MONIQUE DE W AARD, BAREND MEES, RINI DE CROM 291 Arteriogenesis in mice IMO E HOEFER, MICHIEL V OSKUIL AND NIELS VAN ROYEN. 311 Mouse models to study pro- and anti-angiogenic potential: novel roles for PIGF and Fltl LIEVE MOONS, AERNOUT LUTTUN, PETER CARMELIET AND ED CONWAY 329 Stem cell therapy in the mouse heart DOUWE E. ATSMA 349 Gene therapy for the critically ill mouse PHILIP A. EFRON AND LYLE L. MOLDA WER 363 Index 383 Contributing Authors Gerd Albuszies Sektion Anasthesiologische Pathophysiologie und Verfahrensentwicklung Universitatsklinik fUr Anasthesiologie Universitat Ulm, Ulm, Germany. IvoAmende Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts USA. DouweAtsma Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O.Box 9600,2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands. Matthijs B1ankesteijn Department of Pharmacology &Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands. Peter Carmeliet The Center for Transgene Technology and Gene Therapy, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, KU Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium. Hugo ten Cate Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, the Netherlands. Irshad H. Chaudry Center for Surgical Research and Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Vincent M. Christoffels Experimental and Molecular Cardiology Group, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands. x Physiological Genomics oft he Critically III Mouse Alina Constantinescu Department of Medical Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam the Netherlands. Michael Courtois Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine,660 South Euclid Avenue, POBox 8086, 63110, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. Tijl De Celie Department of Pharmacology &Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands. Ed Conway The Center for Transgene Technology and Gene Therapy, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, KU Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium. Rini de Crom Departments of Cell Biology & Genetics and Vascular Surgery" Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Elza van Deel Division of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Adrian A. Deeny Harlan UK Ltd, Hillcrest, Dodgeford Lane, Belton, Nr Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom. Maarten R. Drost Department of Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands. J. M. Dubach Mouse Specifics, Inc. 28 State Street, Suite 1110 Boston, Massachusetts 02109, USA. Physiological Genomics oft he Critically III Mouse xi Dirk J. Duncker Division of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Philip A. Efron Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine Shands Hospital, 1600 SW Archer Road PO Box 100286 Gainesville, Florida, 32610-0286 USA. Vanessa M. Emons Department of Anesthesiology and Physiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands. D. Neil Granger Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA. Petra E.M.H. Habets Experimental and Molecular Cardiology Group, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Steve Hachtman Data Sciences International 4358 West Round Lake Road, St. Paul, Minnesota 55126, USA. Thomas G. Hampton Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, and Mouse Specifics, Inc. 28 State Street, Suite 1 I 10 Boston, Massachusetts 02109, USA. Hjalmar Hansen Laboratory for Experimental Internal Medicine' Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Rien van Haperen Departments of Cell Biology & Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.