The law of environmental justice: theories and procedures to address disproportionate risks PDF
Preview The law of environmental justice: theories and procedures to address disproportionate risks
title: author: publisher: isbn10 | asin: print isbn13: ebook isbn13: language: subject publication date: lcc: ddc: subject: Page i The Law of Environmental Justice Theories and Procedures to Address Disproportionate Risks Michael B. Gerrard, Editor For updates: http://www.abanet.org/abapubs/envirolaw.html Page ii Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources Book Publications Committee Mark Squillace, chair Kathleen Marion Carr James W. Checkley, Jr. Michael Scott Feeley Elizabeth Geltman Sam Kalen John S. Lowe Owen L. Schmidt Evan Slavitt Cover design by Lisa Empleo. The publications of the Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources have a commitment to quality. Our authors and editors are outstanding professionals and active practitioners in their fields. In addition, prior to publication, the contents of all of our books are rigorously reviewed by the Sections's Book Publications Committee and outside experts to ensure the highest quality product and presentation. The materials contained herein represent the opinions of the authors and editors and should not be construed to be the action of either the American Bar Association or the Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources unless adopted pursuant to the bylaws of the Association. Nothing contained in this book is to be considered as the rendering of legal advice for specific cases, and readers are responsible for obtaining such advice from their own legal counsel. This book and any forms and agreements herein are intended for educational and informational purposes only. © 1999 American Bar Association. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. 03 02 01 00 99 5 4 3 2 1 Law of environmental justice / Michael B. Gerrard, editor. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 1-57073-680-4 1. Environmental lawUnited States. 2. Environmental justice United States. 3. Race discriminationLaw and legislationUnited States. I. Gerrard, Michael. II. American Bar Association. Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources. KF3775.E4667 1999 344.73'046dc21 99-33273 CIP Discounts are available for books ordered in bulk. Special consideration is given to state bars, CLE programs, and other bar- related organizations. Inquire at Book Publishing, ABA Publishing, American Bar Association, 750 North Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60611. www.abanet.org/abapubs/envirolaw.html Page iii SUMMARY CONTENTS About the Editor xxi About the Authors xxiii Preface xxix Part I: Legal Theories Chapter 1 3 Equal Protection Philip Weinberg Chapter 2 23 Title VI Bradford C. Mank Chapter 3 69 Other Civil Rights Titles Colin Crawford Chapter 4 103 Executive Order 12,898 Bradford C. Mank Chapter 5 140 State Environmental Justice Programs and Related Authorities Chuck D. Barlow Chapter 6 157 Native American Law Judith V. Royster Page iv Part II: Legal Procedures Chapter 7 185 Public Participation Sheila Foster Chapter 8 230 Access to Information Bernard A. Weintraub Chapter 9 256 Impact Assessment Sheila Foster Chapter 10 307 Risk Assessment, Susceptible Subpopulations, and Environmental Justice Carl F. Cranor Chapter 11 357 Access to the Courts Ellen P. Chapnick Chapter 12 397 Evidentiary Issues: Proving Intent and Effect and Defining the Affected Community Kenneth J. Warren Chapter 13 429 Issues of Legal Ethics in Environmental Justice Matters Irma S. Russell Part III: Legal Objectives Chapter 14 465 Stopping and Building New Facilities Michael B. Gerrard Chapter 15 490 Controlling Existing Facilities Heidi Gorovitz Robertson Page v Chapter 16 522 Cleaning up Abandoned or Inactive Contaminated Sites Larry Schnapf Chapter 17 561 Redeveloping Old Facilities Elizabeth A. Stringer Chapter 18 585 Controlling Residential Exposure Barnett Lawrence Chapter 19 619 Assisting Injured Individuals Allan Kanner Chapter 20 662 Controlling Exposures in the Workplace Barbara J. Olshansky Chapter 21 718 Protecting Citizens of Other Countries Jeffrey B. Gracer Executive Order No. 12,898 743 Table of Cases 749 Table of Statutes and Regulations 000 Index 000 Page vii CONTENTS About the Editor xxi About the Authors xxiii Preface xxix Part I: Legal Theories Chapter 1 3 Equal Protection Philip Weinberg Generally; Historical Perspective 3 Standards of Judicial Scrutiny 5 Rational Basis Test 5 Strict Scrutiny for Racial Discrimination 6 The Need to Prove Intent to Discriminate 6 Washington v. Davis 7 Village of Arlington Heights: Circumstantial Proof 8 of Intent Discriminatory Enforcement 8 Other Circumstantial Proof of Intent 9 Recent Cases 10 Environmental Justice Suits Asserting Denial of Equal 10 Protection
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