The Justification of Religious Violence BlackwellPublicPhilosophy EditedbyMichaelBoylan,MarymountUniversity In a world of 24 hour news cycles and increasingly specialized knowledge, the Blackwell Public Philosophy series takes seriously the idea that there is a need and demand for engaging and thoughtful discussion of topics of broad public importance.Philosophyitselfishistoricallygroundedinthepublicsquare,bringing peopletogethertotrytounderstandthevariousissuesthatshapetheirlivesand givethemmeaning.This“loveofwisdom”–theessenceofphilosophy–liesatthe heartoftheseries.Writteninanaccessible,jargon-freemannerbyinternationally renownedauthors,eachbookisaninvitationtotheworldbeyondnewsflashesand soundbitesandintopublicwisdom. 1. PermissiontoSteal:RevealingtheRootsofCorporateScandal byLisaH.Newton 2. DoubtingDarwin?CreationistDesignsonEvolution bySahotraSarkar 3. TheExtinctionofDesire:ATaleofEnlightenment byMichaelBoylan 4. TortureandtheTickingBomb byBobBrecher 5. InDefenseofDolphins:TheNewMoralFrontier byThomasI.White 6. TerrorismandCounter-Terrorism:EthicsandLiberalDemocracy bySeumasMiller 7. WhoOwnsYou?TheCorporateGoldRushtoPatentYourGenes byDavidKoepsell 8. Animalkind:WhatWeOwetoAnimals byJeanKazez 9. IntheNameofGod:TheEvolutionaryOriginsofReligiousEthicsandViolence byJohnTeehan 10. TheSecularOutlook:InDefenseofMoralandPoliticalSecularism byPaulCliteur 11. FreedomofReligionandtheSecularState byRussellBlackford 12. AsFreeandasJustasPossible:TheTheoryofMarxianLiberalism byJeffreyReiman 13. Happy-People-PillsForAll byMarkWalker 14. Life,Liberty,andthePursuitofDao bySamCrane 15. TheJustificationofReligiousViolence bySteveClarke Forfurtherinformationaboutindividualtitlesintheseries,supplementarymate- rial,andregularupdates,visitwww.blackwellpublishing.com/publicphilosophy The Justification of Religious Violence Steve Clarke Thiseditionfirstpublished2014 ©2014JohnWiley&SonsInc. RegisteredOffice JohnWiley&SonsLtd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK EditorialOffices 350MainStreet,Malden,MA02148-5020,USA 9600GarsingtonRoad,Oxford,OX42DQ,UK TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK Fordetailsofourglobaleditorialoffices,forcustomerservices,andforinformationabouthowtoapply forpermissiontoreusethecopyrightmaterialinthisbookpleaseseeourwebsiteatwww.wiley.com/ wiley-blackwell. TherightofSteveClarketobeidentifiedastheauthorofthisworkhasbeenassertedinaccordancewith theUKCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,or transmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise, exceptaspermittedbytheUKCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,withoutthepriorpermissionof thepublisher. Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprintmay notbeavailableinelectronicbooks. Designationsusedbycompaniestodistinguishtheirproductsareoftenclaimedastrademarks.Allbrand namesandproductnamesusedinthisbookaretradenames,servicemarks,trademarksorregistered trademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.Thepublisherisnotassociatedwithanyproductorvendor mentionedinthisbook. LimitofLiability/DisclaimerofWarranty:Whilethepublisherandauthorhaveusedtheirbesteffortsin preparingthisbook,theymakenorepresentationsorwarrantieswithrespecttotheaccuracyor completenessofthecontentsofthisbookandspecificallydisclaimanyimpliedwarrantiesof merchantabilityorfitnessforaparticularpurpose.Itissoldontheunderstandingthatthepublisheris notengagedinrenderingprofessionalservicesandneitherthepublishernortheauthorshallbeliablefor damagesarisingherefrom.Ifprofessionaladviceorotherexpertassistanceisrequired,theservicesofa competentprofessionalshouldbesought. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-Publicationdataisavailableforthisbook. ISBN9781118529751(hardback);ISBN9781118529720(paperback) AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. CoverdesignbySimonLevyAssociates Typesetin10.5/13ptMinionProbyLaserwordsPrivateLimited,Chennai,India 1 2014 Menneverdoevilsocompletelyandcheerfullyaswhen theydoitforreligiousconviction. BlaisePascal Toopposethetorrentofscholasticreligionbysuchfeeblemaximsas these,thatitisimpossibleforthesamethingtobeandnottobe,that thewholeisgreaterthanapart,thattwoandthreemakefive;is pretendingtostoptheoceanwithabullrush.Willyousetupprofane reasonagainstsacredmystery?Nopunishmentisgreatenoughforyour impiety.Andthesamefires,whichwerekindledforheretics,willserve alsoforthedestructionofphilosophers. DavidHume Willyoulovethatmanorwomanwellenoughtoshedtheirblood? BrighamYoung Contents Preface ix 1 Justification,Religion,andViolence 1 2 Religion 27 3 Morality 58 4 JustifyingViolence,War,andCosmicWar 89 5 TheAfterlife 114 6 TheSacred 134 7 RecentJustificationsofReligiousViolence 153 8 Tolerance 183 9 ReducingReligiousViolence 198 References 215 NameIndex 243 SubjectIndex 251
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