Endpapers: The functional difference between a shovel and a pitchfork is the metal that is missing. T H E E L E M E N T S O F G R A P H I C D E S I G N , S E C O N D E D I T I O N A L E X W. W H I T E "Elegance is not the abundance of simplicity. It is the absence of complexity." Anonymous This book is concerned with what things look like, but supposes that what is being said is worth the effort of clarity. © 2011 by Alexander W. White All rights reserved. Copyright under Berne Copyright Convention, Universal Copyright Convention, and Pan-American Copyright Convention. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. 15 14 13 12 11 5 4 3 2 1 Published by Allworth Press An imprint of Allworth Communications 10 East 23rd Street, New York, NY 10010 Book design, composition, and typography by Alexander W. White, New York, NY Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data White, Alex W. The Elements of Graphic Design: Space, Unity, Page Architecture, and Type/ Alex W. White – 2nd Edition p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 9781581157802 1. Graphic design (Typography) 2. Layout (Printing) 3. Type and type-founding. I. Title. Z246.W56 2011 686.2’2--dc22 2010043571 Printed in Thailand TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S Title Page Epigraph Copyright Page Preface Dedication Acknowledgements I - Introduction Section One - Space 1 - Space is emptiness 2 - Symmetry and asymmetry 3 - The historical development of space: six timelines Section Two - Unity 4 - Unity and space 5 - The seven design components 6 - How to use the seven design components Section Three - Page Architecture 7 - The page as visual structure 8 - Connecting elements and pages 9 - Three-dimensional space Section Four - Type 10 - Listening to type 11 - Typographic technicalities 12 - Display type 13 - Text type Glossary Bibliography Designer’s checklist Index Colophon Credits A Books from Allworth Press About the Author P R E FA C E Most design education is concerned with combining and sometimes inventing bits of content. It concerns relationships of forms and almost always overlooks the critically important part of the design that goes unnoticed: the background spaces and shapes. It is a reflection of believing what is is more important than what isn’t.
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