: no it ac o le lcAr uo sgnen oRi k naoM is i cce iDm a ns fytoDc e f efhET t n e m e g a n a M t n e m e v a Pf oe s a Ce h T no im ntaf .oerolDilg a.tponihamritPtoPrrCaePssiD d nsaeidu tySc i l o dP n ea c n e i c lS a i c o fS to n e m t r a p eD gnireenign Elat n e m n o r i v n Ed n al i v i Cf ot n e m t r a p e D e t u t i t s n Ic i n h c e t y l o Pr e t s e c r o W s t t e s u h c a s s a M, r e t s e c r o W ndae mrn daoyepdbielrreFPhS li rpA 3 002 [email protected], CT. 1 Abstract g n e eiggdcy nan nrsisaeaa ig u b mvw ns dimrotaea a rrohahiootcefhcrtrnstrttbeeemdpevaP .s n so este isc ncgtt enhoen niracifanedu mutfhimnsfrs ieceoaoosdvcefatnaMr nopeeecphmtevaP yti lxie bd,an)eIIcSiPv (rneteohnSit etxmieeddvnnaoIPICCP( xe erydatniI ltanueQ m) ervoaP elbal iraovfa.esu tne m teys n gtigelainmanv .i eiaitfmlnvtmtnoeeaancetdpe amsosteyM sngsaeeamneavmap ,s s tes ncal eol smre,l ppwsyee g oaldrdn tltoae ideenms tnngveunnnaderi eaudremlbuhepCtvap ,g nten tingie nerpnee m olifmoeeeemietvlGhrlgac(eapytnceadm d,nlaapogajaR miL9891 ). se ds is sveaniocohr oitTpy rtna fpaeweo trco ir ntdluna nicanl ablelreap tuonhhnffietitroaubmor gn i sdae dln ifdiaa rfsva np ieeoodo sraagtmsfarnde rnneopio dsiehro.rinstgsoisdaea tonriaM noi tnr aietc st d rihdrtro omteo no tepo oepefedrpndbnshornuuonntrratscuauuueorcofrtg .seitinummoc rs s ee wts hr leoaeg tuoehlhcnseottdtltoi chbpoarln i tampeosmmcdiiaeotntma yslaDyuSmis .y drd u el mrltt d rt eoas atnfopdtie eh Iuo weesvr sh tnecsyaeitdornashhnuobetatcbcurts r neadss m tker e entdencck uend eolntieaafethinsfiuasf btohatlamtsyfetn-eceserntaraosnys gnita twi.essnsneocietnca evi tfe c ohseyTijdhbu tot sssi sg e:noc oito stlrece psi dmumeoeahmtntsyyDS • etsum be oilstrbet oc neritonptncic emafmr rieet pgtnd aeentn Dmanaweemovrharpuc t nnoor fs anryoe. acg s odatiytnnsaaeadmm betvaahpt • p ossl ene t cov ea aiiee vhott Dseo ttcadorrtadnhapernutmspeo iomfftmoocer .smelbor petaer cr oo tetubirtnoc • se rdne i agt v ecan aossne lre uamtoPgd omeaoonerttvhttas isathoneepcpwhtootrp se cti ntneci mar eriegpeha htnmtarmof .ftonem nagonriimvange 2 Preface and Acknowledgements e nsli ycem cc idaaii mmoxllgeamebontnup isypnyydo nsidatn paaemtho rtcsecisahsTid s e ,i ty mfls. nlneooln eselohnawdue daptomonstencucstasa reieita pfseeirdcoeMps e c,sns mam fteyene,oe s atet syeeewsts,sil hhhynyetbnttg sisfcaiiyaaeshnmspuasmer sh rt.eil e w aandlghmi e on tigep oiei tnholtdpw epe tleioshofedvhaT-ovoowbemrudps gni cmy ie agfttw nis uht,iryesogayn cslthiaitab sthdaasaroi othnocwetntofrisaaamer ecna m gr rnoeoifr trusaettepusr foctcaht era oot hgih .ottroppus tpeu:lho fethdohteipwo l d enetll vevoueseeanodidbhcohmT l.eJah c.irMD sty m ncdel eintafmlasiot oycr,P SoareSpieeatDht Ci,mimkocCizdaR gensi oh ehcdcwann -eaaeetdd tiacuumitg gniyn htmircsn eenr,ttIassyeeellicodrPuotWS .elbissop Dr. dilahK tn es, mms l f tee,ayodrtinicnasdaci apyumol,eStrSodDSiPeaehaCS oh we-deat mu.cn tfioeilnimteht sscsrnyeeeImtutyqsleocProW lta nifecomotSr a,pe els Dye.omrDaDJ smetsyS dna yciloP ,seidutSretsecroW etu tc ii-tns hnoc Ihee.wtd syagn lm noe okiimtdPnksuninioahicbtheatd Dr. bijaR ,k ctinlelmatMrapeD fo liviC l,dagntnanireremetnesonericigrvnonEWE g ene eshitp doc ru lg ahrteteen cmwa ueihhidi-enonttnansibisroheagnarcrnIeeeltyloP .elbisaef rt en, te g,smonret miacr. frrzrarloee aopDalellWetlniaDniivSeugi mGnCdnEnoarivnE et u cottihihnwtgh-suc naeeIttmy leohP t.etrnoec mtfecogeajnoarmp tu cd sinstt artc mdeeeton gs nnrasauenefenhhom tactC e,a MafvdtesoansdsPaoalhMsRI lss et ieduthsoputo mnoh-ihwttuicwi te,ect ycea ,ftintfeoef nSoc ffeoieaOtClhSaottPS dluoc ton ev.adh enreuetbcurts Dedication no i ttf u aodoec .ehhi y ,ehttdslmdeesieielf niwdhduite lToowoRe pmcnvnmaeohecbca , e dcne not ,ei aotitsct rtaiiroatdep prehpseduisshsTid ecn adyrnleatl sorote.mhevol tn e om , .stt dekteii elsrulh mthueoobt emotohwhinvoncttseacisehWobp 3 :noita co l le Acr u os engRon ik anMo is ic ec Dim an yfsDot ce f fe EhT t n e m e g a n a M t n e m e v a Pf oe s a Ce h T 4 Pavement Management Systems emulo1V Abstract 2 ,stne m,eegcdaeflewroPnkcA n o i t a c i d e D 3 s edrnuagiF e l b a T 0 1 - 6 y rn aofdmionmtaua Sters eofsposriuDP Findings 12-16 melb orrePt…p1ahC Statement 17-28 Chapter d n u o r g k c a B m e l b 6 o 3 r - 2 P 9 2 Chapter n o i t a c i l p p A d n a w e i v e R e r u t 7 a 8 r- e 7 t 33 i L Chapter s d o h t e M5 4 1 1 - 8 8 Chapter n o i t a l u 0m 7 r 1o - F 5 6 1 1 Chapter s no it ad ne mm oc ed Rng ani ts eyTc il o, Ps64 c 7i2 m -a1 n 7y1D Chapter e g d e l w o n K o t s n o i t i d4 d 97 A 2 - 5 7 2 seerru utdga nirxaFeitdinLe-pApA sci hpar G 303 -592 xid-nBeppA Interviews 304-326 xid-nCeppA s y e v r u S 1 3 3 - 7 2 3 s e c n e r e f e R 8 3 3 - 2 3 3 emulo2V mtentesm yetSgn ae-snmlc aeeimMvdmeaoatPMnsyyDS 5 ss emdlanbraagTaiD s e l t i e T r u g i F e g a P e cenr eu1rg.ei1fFeR Mode 19 enro us egi2ci r .nFfae1eopdrmoeoMfr CeeoRttupmoC d e ta r en eG s n o i t c i d 6 e 2rP erugiF 3.1 rotceS p a 7M 2 erugiF 1.2 ISP e v 9 r 2uC lac ie e 2trdvI.iunrS2rgauPCiCF e u l a V 2 3 erug i1F.3 ICP e v r u C 1 4 eru g y2itt.Fii3dl earruoCQf s r i a p 2 e 4R tenr eu3m g .eeeit3gflFeaicsnLysaCAM h c a o r p p A 0 7 lav icvi rfeufvSair tTea rl1uu.gm4iuFC e v r u C 3 9 erugiF 2.4 naivokraM s t l u s e R 4 9 gnika Me-rnu og4ii.sF4iceD Loop 104 eru g 1ir.Fo5t c pelaSaM spuoaoCL s n o i t a l 7 e 1 R 1 noitar od ie drieaefro tiuR2elg.Dpi5mFiS Process 119 eervuigtia F t3In.Se5PserpeR e v r u 1 C 2 1 n oeir t ufa4gor. ie5IFnSePG y t i l a u Q 2 2 1 eru g5l i.a mF5spauoraog CLafioD ISP e c n a n e t 3 n 2 i 1aM el uaelc rai6uVt.gi5irFC Structure 125 la cti ct feikofrcfCae b ed7re.ue5gFiF e u l a V 8 2 1 erugiF 8.5 daoR n o i t a c i f i s s a l C 9 2 1 erugiF 9.5 ISP s e v r u C 0 3 1 er utg ni0 eF1cm.ip5roelneevGeD n o i t a l u m r o F 0 3 1 no ie tgf anodtannh aece Lsxr1eEu1rg.pi5eFR Process 132 n ofiotar e2en1re.uG5giF s t n i a l p m o C 6 3 1 ess rtet3ucln1 gebe.fnifad5ooFfiiErcacVA s et aR 0 41 deaeor4rhu 1utg f.teino5cMFiu retds -aalzraG l e d o m 2 4 1 tn efemomt is fbTueo4jr1du.Ag5iF l e v a r T 2 4 1 l adi etet ira5num1Igi.it5FsE Budget 144 yc irlio aPrpee t R6ne1ir.Wu5giF Space 153 se tr 7c ur1efgi.foia5 fFpnEeo RISP y t i l a u Q 5 5 1 ec n ea8rn1ue .gto5inNFiaM l o r t n o C 6 5 1 le or9r u1tf g.nor i5oodFCoaPor g n i v a P 7 5 1 reorj u a0glM2ia-. Fsm5puaoaroCgLaiD s n o i t c e s b u S 9 5 1 erugiF 1 2tt.nn5ieam lelpgamasonuCaaMC pooL m a r g 0 a 6 i 1D kc anbod iette naFe eer2dru2iCg.ci5cFA Loop 161 ts ntleecar mes u lpfupg3aofaoi2nlECoF.oeL5ivgeeDR m a r g a i D 2 6 1 erugiF 42.5 tdnneamLpoleveD 36 1pooL l ats eue5gar2dCu.ug5BiF Loop 164 e cenr eu1rg.ei6fFeR Mode 171 ecn ed reeetrf aue2lgR.ui6mFiS Mode 172 pihsnoi tc aiel mre3auR.ng6yiDF ,t nneeelmecpwiothleeeBVveD d a o R d n a e s U s n o i t i d n o C 4 7 1 6 gni cnn oati lntda eiaBemdorpn Ruoo4glC.ie6FveD Loop 175 r iys ab efpe5loer.iRu6MgiF y r o g e t a C 6 7 1 t fs6eoo.rC6ugiF s r i a p e R 6 7 1 e r rue7igr.aiu6pFteuRF s d e e N 7 7 1 er u8g.i 6FelrluAtuf s t s o C 7 7 1 deriap e,re- gndeaoere Nrul9igi.aiM6pFeR e g a e l i M 8 7 1 er u0trg1eii.gaF6dpueBR Loop 179 c idf efe tar1sru1uTg.ji6dFA e m u l o V 0 8 1 t ece 2mer f1ufuno.lfgo6oEiVF d e e p S 0 8 1 lee svnaaier rT3ec1rn.uI6giF Time 181 delr ou4hg 1sif.eFo6rhT g n i t i a W 1 8 1 e res u rc5 gdu is1riitmht.eFkaopc6bSrraem(efrfutGfNiEL ) 182 sc i fhdopeat ra eGl6ru1um.gi6iSF Literature 183 erugiF 7 1d.e 6ttanleudmiicScA e t a 4 R 8 1 ss ee8 nr1I hu.Sdgg6PnuiaoFR p i h s n o i t a l e R 5 8 1 erugiF 91.6 resU n o i t c a f s i t 5 a 8 s 1siD tnia le0pr2mu.og6CiF Management 186 yt ielriu bg 1aiy2eFa.cw6ihvgrieHS s n o i t c n u F 6 8 1 n o yiyct ta cdt iunnne lqeuagpieeFditdwuhUAtBse n Boe ir2tu2ag.li 6eFR 8 81-781 g ndierti sH du sejd ttd nelsa3faruun2ousjU.ged6iRAF ecitcarP 981 e se n rl4eofua2upo gc.ls teii6aeoehFtVRtgtidruCB y c a u q e d A 0 9 1 e l ec 5fye2iCr.Lu6giF Costs 191 . e v r u C I S P a 6 2 . 6 e r u g i F 4 9 1 erug i6F2.6-b t. sseoe Cvrri uaCpeR s e v r u C 5 9 1 no sre ie rrfrt7ueoan2 gtpi..inmW6sFio-vWCnoN s r i a p e R 7 9 1 ne s8eo2rh.uC6giF e c n a n e t n i a M 9 9 1 rti n afu9epoo2rem.uRA6giF d e d e e N 0 0 2 e g ntn0deisa3nroh.auCC6giF e c n a n e t n i a M 1 0 2 hn ced t e nteasw1afrPtt3iuse.hgoB6SiCF y a l r e v O 1 0 2 erugiF 23. 6tnerruC s t s o C 1 0 2 gdneit v a,aemsPcidnteasenE Nedt enet irc3aui3Mgd.ie6FrP t f eL 2 02 set rsdfuoeotCtua F me4ir3tu.sg6EiF m e t s y S 3 0 2 yr tyt stced 5uiernn3dlfuao.nafg6IuEiQF Development 203 ety 6 rfah3 duilc.nnghrt6iaiSeaFvPO r i a p e R 4 0 2 er us7gt3ic.Fa6 ptfmcoIerroC n o i t a c i f i s s a l C 5 0 2 n osiett aaer Rroef uivo8gr i3iedt.Ftoa6eolDGeR road 206 e tr9 nu3tu g.nofi 6emoF dl Adold eoeamyGcooaxrrlEFeD road 206 ey ra0ul4g r.ife6F ovrOooP road 207 e snea i ge n hnrI1dietacS4nrihnP.auwCi6giF L S R 9 0 2 er uag2 i 4lFt.an6teorTruC 01 2stsoC erugiF b24.6 erutuF t s o C 0 1 2 yr t 3es I4rudS.udnP6gnaiIF e s n o p s e R 1 1 2 la cni oto i i t4te rIm4ar dCSe. lufnPt6eegoashRiytFS e u l aV 1 12 ya le5rr4eu.vg6OiF s r i a p e R 1 1 2 gy n a.if lsvoe6rvar4ePu.vg6OiF Road 212 erugiF 74. 6tnerruC t e g d u B 3 1 2 7 seev tifatoRa r ea8rp4um.go6iCF g n i v a P 3 1 2 elss arn ocio nyntiapeoait pshilifeettrroRr aeC eiv9rtO4ui.gn6iIF eul aV 412 elu a lece r0a rirnee5Vdutoamt.ngifhit6airetTeFCbb Point 215 e r1u5 g.Ii6SF Pdna y r t s u d n 5I 1 2 lea s cyno i a otetg lnphi ndristr lineeCe2avavrr5taOu.oPg6TiF eu laV 612 erug i3 F5t.n6err udCn aerutuF 61 2stsoC l se aetu d crcl4 ediuaa5nnntgp V.oiaiimL6brFiSmCRoC– I S P 7 1 2 d es gtdannneaam Mn eg5wri5eus.rgs6CiAF s t n i a l p mo C 9 12 le arsn uto6gsi5iot. FCi6odtdA m e t s y S 9 1 2 erugiF 75.6 I S P 0 2 2 s t s rchne e 8iatipfrd5apiyoua.pmwTgo6eIiRRF Labor 221 se tnr9co u5e ing.ffso i6foiIFEcS ePdDna y r t s u d n I2 2 2 er us0gt6ic.Fe6 fffoE nIoSi Ptdc na nafroso iodtPaaoSr r i a p e R 2 2 2 et rn1ue6 gc.fir 6oFer Pondoea PsororohfC r i a p 3e 2R 2 e rt2uc6ge.i f6F ff koEtcriau tQnS or odoaPor r i a p 3 e 2 R 2 e l u ddaele3n acras6a IoiuVn.oSRt go6tPinipriFsCer y r o g e t a C 4 2 2 e r5u6 g.Ii6SF Pdna y r t s u d n 9I 2 2 er ut6gn6i e.Ftr6srou CC denrautuF s t s o C 9 2 2 dyte cstyie aBlT1 ro d e sePen7dfrnra6af ieu.rOnaGg6TIpieFR 2 230 yciloP -stt e lfhge8uocdr6siuu.eRBg6RiF Test 230 erugiF 96.6 tegduB s e u l a V 1 3 2 erug i0F7 . g6ensinvoapPs eoRt 13 2tegduB dee rr1ui7ga.ip6FeR s e l i M 2 3 2 enrou sg2ii7r F.aft6ponmeor Crd uneCarutuF 23 2stsoC erugiF 3 7t.n6ellecxE 2 3 4 r o a d erugiF 47.6 daoR y r o t n e v n I 4 3 2 erugiF 57. 6tnerruC 53 2tegduB dia l d rde6eenv7rvaa.uOP6giF Miles 236 ,st)efnlidoihn iMSaetccnn eu er Fyre7 tuf7 dige.delir6- giFPaIntSaUPhC( gnit a r e p O Costs 237-239 s t d cnee8eovr7fau.fPg6EiF Road 239 er u9g7i. F6eI sSynP ro dtponsstauedRnI y c i l o P 0 4 2 seev lifitoMa r ea0rp8um.go6iCF r i a p e R 1 4 2 ed1 re 8nu tt I.ogoaftS 6iitliePntFehgia rSdxauabler e l b a l i a v a 2 4 2 e gr2nu 8 igd.hvin6caFatPaP s r i a p e R 2 4 2 ecnane te enr3riu8uat.gMu6iFF Needs 243 g ne i rev4ura8tuP.ug6FiF s d e e N 4 4 2 I SdPn-ay cti elt g oned5P eru8nruB.urg6RuiCF Paving 245 erugiF ,eg sn. ni bnovIopa SisP6Pte8–aR.t6 nem e.t laewpgemdNIuB e s n o p s e R 6 4 2 Figure 6.86c. I S P 7 4 2 s ryib a d p7aee8orR.Ru6giF e p y T 8 4 2 er ung oi8s F8i w.rte6a nNpfe-momsottCsseovCnI Roads 250 ge nmdiu enl rdnoeonaVrf elu9emPg8hmi.toF6ceR m e t s y S 0 5 2 gensi n neoo0ynrt p9rauIs.tlg Se6sPidPRuFndanI e g n a h C 1 5 2 ci f yfbla-i raaeT1Dr9u.g6iF Impacts 251 8 dseti nf di sbn adi-aeletarpla2umiS9goF.iC6F s t n i a l p mo C 2 52 er u3 g9li.a F6ttos TodCaoR s r i a p e R 2 5 2 erug ie4Fc9n.e6reedfoeMR n u er s a-b ) t e g d u dB e n ia r t s n o C( - 4 52 gsnnio tifator ceeo eprN5rOu-9r gt.o die6CnnFgOadmueBD noit pmus sA 552 gni tdaerte cp teOderegrndoiu CaBe rr6tu9sg.ni6oFC snoitpmuss A 652 gnit adreetp c Ot e ee7drdrg9n rnud.anoagu6OCmiBeFd snoitpmu ssA 752 ,esgnnoai htgCpn midute s at,sdrc tAeeeeenprrgiO ruda8ogur9CiBt.Fs6noC y t i l i t U 8 5 2 snodint apg mneui rstd9usae9gArt .iec, 6FpetdnOrenOrgaodmCueBD ytili t U d e g n a h C e c n e r e f e r P 9 5 2 snoid tngpanm iudtseas trA ttcee neepr0agrOu0tdrg1suoi.nBCF6oC d e g n a h C y t i l i t U 0 6 2 ecn eend rcoeeenstd f ei aof edrrelMO1Rnearu0afpum1emgi.RoiS6CF Mode 262 ee.m fsu2 ivl0eLo1rV.u6giF Span 263 d e g tenscrit iurs 3dgeod0e ieCe1r.Fnt.Psia6vglnuEmiS 56 2stsoC d eedt r ectu4tisg0adoi1leCF.ur6mPiS s g n i v a S 6 6 2 tif et5 ns0eeo1rBC.u6giF s e v r u C 8 6 2 - 7 6 2 et rn auel1gma.iet7FvoaTP e g a m a D 6 7 2 -eegcanma ane Devetirnt uiabgar1iMa.Fp7moC e v r u C 7 7 2 ms eeoe 2rhrvI.utfrS7guPiCF Literature 278 tenr eu3m g .eeeit7gflFeaicsnLysaCAM e v r u C 9 7 2 y thitliiw beace nc.eaisrmv vurr4goe.ifS7FreP e m i T 9 7 2 e rdue gi5 if.IFi7SnPgaM e v r u C 0 8 2 m doeerleF cp(eiS ghe aer6rVu.eg7viAF dnalraFcM ) 284 d eeetcr a nuol7agT e.tidR7sFiiksSeR d e e p S 5 8 2 d eeetcr a nuol8agT e.tidR7sFiiksSeR c i f f a r T 5 8 2 t c landap oinme koIr9Ssu.ag7eiSF e c n a t s i s e R 6 8 2 erugiF 01.7 ISP e v r u 7 C 8 2 erugiF 1 1d.e 7ttanleudmiicScA e t a 8 R 8 2 eru g2i1F.7 I tSenPvei dtdiancracaApmoC s e t a R 8 8 2 e r3u 1gt .inI 7FeSd dPeditncaaclAeR s e ta R 9 82 evit ir tu eect4tr en1nu nfI.ugst of7oienIECFte S-addPaRincacA y ci lo P 0 92 y re tr5su1ug.di7nFI e s n o p s e R 0 9 2 la sd uesat cCafilom ea6eRn1ry.uD7giF Variables 291 selbaT esls be1ar.Tt4siD x e d n I 8 9 etfli u Lea1lf.be5aDT n a p S 4 2 1 sr edtn eatmnaer maepPl ob1la.eT5veD s e u l a V 1 3 1 e l 2bs.a r5Tkda cnCeuasrUT s t n e i c i f f e o C 2 3 1 a z r a G a l e d f o s d o h t e M 3 . 5 e l b a T 2 4 1 elba TP y 1ct.is6leoTP x i r t a M 3 9 1 t ,s ftoeosCr o ueC1tl.ub6FaT s r i a p e R 5 9 1 elb ad Te2v. i6,e IceSrrPeuPtuF s t s o C 7 9 1 s dratni teaanaepoDhesRd a ee3lr.bp6aST Costs 202 devie ce4rl.eb6PaT PSI 207 9 elbaT 5.6 stsoC f ote eghnsidvaaatePardps( ) 8 0 2 elba T 6t .ee6erh uassttdtuaasFdeorCps( ) 208 el bt ae7gTe.anh6ti savd ddansaPaeetraprs( ) 212 etle be8ah .Tst6d saaoetCrapDs( ) 216 gdn n il aeva9lat.bPo6aTT Costs 217-218 tenl ib0aa1lT.p6moC y t i v i t c A 9 1 2 t tdsfesnooroaC uC 1te1ul.Fb6aT s r i a p e R 3 2 2 elbaT 2.6 Pycilo PtseT s g n i t 8 t 2 e 2S elb a2T1. 6 tIeSePha s tyddarandteasrupdsn(I ) 228 e l3 b 1e a,.rtTI 6unSdtePnuraFruC s t s o C 3 3 2 e tl4nb1ea .lTI6lSe Pcd xntEas-os CrfioapeR road 236 r nsi yoeaffbslpooiierMRa p5em1lo.bC6aT Type 243 elba T1. 6t eIeShaP st ydadradnteasrupdsn(I ) 264 tf so6o 1Ce.l6baT r i a p e R 5 6 2 10
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