The Celibate Marriages of Saints and Martyrs in Late Antiquity

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The celibate marriages of saints and martyrs in late antiquity
Alwis, Anne Priyani
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Download date: 07. Mar. 2023
The Celibate Marriages Saints
of and
Martyrs in Late Antiquity
Anne Priyani Alwis
PhD
King's College, University London
of
2001
W"4I
2
ABSTRACT
This thesis three to have
presents case studies of saintly couples who voluntarily choose a
Ile Lives Galaktion Episteme (BHG 665); Julian Basilissa.
celibate marriage. of and and
(BHG 970) Andronikos Athanasia (BHG 123a)
and and are translated and analysed to
investigate how is depicted in Celibacy
text.
celibate marriage each within marriage was
a paradox since the ostensible purpose of Christian marriage was procreation. This thesis
will show that an emotional bond remains between the couples despite the absence of the
Christian Consequently, focus
essence of a marital relationship. each text reveals a on the
idea their the
of a couple and marriage, and not merely notion of celibacy.
Chapter One provides the literary context for each narration, focusing on the date
the texts, their their Chapter Two the texts framework
of purpose and audience. uses as a
for the Christian ideology The
exploring of marriage and particularly celibate marriage.
transition, if from to Christian is discussed. Ideals
any, pagan marriage of sanctity and
then the the Church Fathers,
celibacy within marriage are examined using writings of
legal Lives. Finally, interactions between husbands
the the
sources and other saint's and
illustrating bond despite
that their
wives are examined, an emotional remains vow of
The last
three the three translated the
celibacy. chapters comprise versions of chosen
Lives,
with accompanying notes.
This thesis investigates how the paradox of celibate marriage is presented in three
Lives that the does decline if the husbands
saints' and shows value of marriage not and
for
their
wives opt celibacy within relationship.
(
3
CONTENTS
2
Abstract
Contents 3
5
Abbreviations
7
Acknowledgements
10
Introduction
Chapter 1 The Background to Text 20
each
1.1 Galaktion Episteme 20
and
1.1.1 The Date the Life 22
of
1.1.2 The Literary Setting the Life 22
of
(a) Similarities to Ad-dlles Tatios 22
(b) The Saints' Life Novel 24
as
1.1.3 Late-Byzantine Reception to the Novel 26
1.1.4 The Purpose the Saints' Ltre 30
of
32
1.1.5 The Audience
1.2 Julian Basilissa 34
and
1.2.1 The Date the Life 34
of
42
1.2.2 The Audience
Atlianasia 43
1.3 Andronikos
and
1.3.1 The Daniel Cycle the Date the Text 43
and of
1.4 Comparing the Three Saints' Lives 46
57
Chapter 2 Marriage
57
2.1 Definitions
58
2.2 The Practice Marriage
of
64
2.3 The Christian Ideology Marriage
of
67
2.4 Spiritual Marriage
2.5 Celibacy, Separation the Law 70
and
2.6 Saints, Marriage Celibacy 74
and
Chosen Saints' Lives 77
2.7 Celibate Marriage in the
4
2.7.1 Galaktion Episteme 77
and
2.7.2 Julian Basilissa 79
and
2.7.2a The Portrayal Family in the Life 79
of
2.7.2a (i) The Conventional Family 79
2.7.2a (ii) The Denial Family 81
of
2.7.2a (iii) The Spiritual Family 82
2.7.2b Julian Basilissa's Celibate Marriage 85
and
2.7.3 Andronikos Athanasia 92
and
2.8 Wives Husbands 101
and
Chapter 3 The Life Martyrdom Galaktion Episteme 110
and of and
3.1 The Text ill
3.2 The Translation 124
3.3 Notes the Text 134
on
Chapter 4 The Life Martyrdom Julian Basilissa 147
and of and
4.1 The Text 148
4.2 The Translation 176
4.3 Notes the Text 214
on
Chapter 5 The Life Andronikos Atlianasia 250
of and
5.1 The Text 251
5.2 The Translation 269
5.3 Notes the Text 280
on
Conclusion 296
Bibliography 300
Appendix 1 327
5
ABBREVIATIONS
BHG3, Auctarium, F. Hallcin, Auctarium Bibliothecae Hagiographicae
ed.,
Graecae, Subsidia Hagiographica, 47 (Brussels, 1969)
BHG3, Novum Auctarium, F. Halkin, Novum Auctarium Bibliolhecae
ed.,
Hagiographicae Graecae, Subsidia Hagiographica, 65
(Brussels, 1984)
GCS Die Schriftsteller der drei
griechischen christlichen ersten
Jahrhunderts (Berlin, 1897-)
Lexicon, Kriaras, Lexiko ths Mesaiwnikhs E11hvikhs Dhmwdous
Grammaleids, 1100-1669 (Thessaloniki, 1968-), 13
vols-
Lexicon, Lampe, G. W. H. Lampe, A Patristic Greek Lexicon (Oxford, 196 1)
Lexicon, Liddell & Scolt, H. G. Liddell R. Scott (cont. H. S. Jones), Greek-
and
English Lexicon (Oxford, 1996)
Lexicon, Sophokles, E. A. Sophokles, Greek Lexicon lhe Roman
of and
ByTantine Periods (146BC-IIOOAD) (New York, 1887), 2
vols.
Lexicon, Suidae, A. Adler, 4 (Leipzig, 1928-1938;
ed., vols, et. addendum
Stutgart, 1967-19713)
PG ed., J. P. Migne Patrologia curus complelus... series
Graeco-Latina, 161 in 166 (Paris, 1857-1891)
vols,
6
SC Sources (Paris, 1924-)
chrdtinnes
JOURNALS
AB Analecta Bollandiana
ASAE Annales du des de I'tgypte
service antiquitds
B Byzantion
CE Chronique d'tgypte
CQ Classical Quarterly
GRBS Greece, Rome Byzantine Studies
and
JECS Journal Early Christian Studies
of
AS Journal Roman Studies
of
RB Rdvue Bdnedictine
REB R6vue des dtudes byzantines
ROC Rdvue de Porient
chr6tien
7
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
These luxury
the to thank Two
pages allow me and acknowledge a vast number of people.
years funding from the Masorn Trust for Greek and Latin (Senate House) enabled me to
this thesis. The the Central Research Fund (University London)
write generosity of
of
the Dover Fund the I
and also allowed purchase of photocopies of manuscripts. would
like to thank the librarians the Vatican Library, Rome, the Marciana in Venice
also of
and
Biblioth6que Nationale in Paris for help in
the their
procuring photocopies and
photographs of manuscripts.
My debt is to Judith Herrin, despite her incredibly
main my supervisor, who
busy life, has for four
the
guided and supported my work past years with enormous
inspiration. She has been teacher. I
patience, common sense and a wonderful would also
like to thank Charlotte Rouechd for introducing to Byzantium,
my second supervisor, me
for bombarding ideas for her help the Greek language. Julian
me with manifold and all with
Chrysostomides Charalambos Dendrinos have been
and unfailing generous and
beyond is deemed in help
to
supportive, always going what adequate, order and advise.
Dion Smythe has been formative influence in I
a and a mentor every sense and will always
remain in his debt. I would also like to record my gratitude to Carlotta Dionisotti, David
Ganz, Jonathan Harris to Richard Alston Mary Whitby, have
and particularly and who
in its
the thesis I
either read various parts of early stages or proffered advice. am very
for insightful My Wesley Ariarajah, helped
their
grateful comments. uncle, me
the his insights knowledge in
enormously with conclusion and with and of celibacy
Hinduism Buddhism. Diana Burton, Rebecca Flcmming Benet Salway have
and and not
been friends for but have been hand help for
to
only many years always at search
books Greek
to translate the to
unattainable and websites, odd phrase and offer
The have been backbone during
triumvirate
references, advice and chocolate. who my
(and for before) Jane Chaplin, Stefano Evangelista
these three
years many years are and
Philippa Lass. They have it is like have
to thesis
alone understood what write a and spent
hours hearing
the the thesis
many weary reassuring me and about various stages of ad
Their forbearance humour
their
nauseam. patience and with my varying moods, and
8
friendship, be
their
understanding and above aU, unconditional should recorded.
Antoinette Daniel, Charlotte Reed Nazrin Choudhury have likewise in
and supported me
ways too numerous to mention. I would also like to thank some of my other amazing
friends; Valentina Arena, Caspar Bartington, Angela Bell, Tania Davies, Izabella Dorikow,
Janet Downie, Caroline Johnson, Chrisi Kotsifou, Celine Marquaille, Erik Rizzer, James
Robson, Mary Ruskin, Bella Sandwell Rupert Smith for by for
and sticking me and
forms I like
to tribute to the
providing me with varied of amusement. would also pay
librarians the ICS, Colin, Paul, Sue Sophia, have teased
wonderful of and who me
for have been interested in
constantly and, unfathomable reasons, endlessly aU aspects of
My Christine, Shashi little Ellie have been
my work. sister and my marvellously
However it is to I the for them this
understanding. my parents whom owe most, without
have been They have listened to that
thesis would never written. every paper and chapter
I have been to the highs darkest lows that
ever written and patient witness all soaring and
life For this, for their
make up the of a postgraduate. all and most of all unconditional
love, I dedicate this thesis.
For Amma Thathl
and