The British Aerospace Sea Harrier. 'Falklands Fighter': A Comprehensive Guide for the Modeller (SAM Modellers Datafile 11)

138 Pages·2007·57.93 MB·English

by  Andy Evans

••
11
DATAFILE
THE BRITISH AEROSPACE
Sea Harrier
A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE FOR THE MODELLER
'Falklands Fighter'
by Andy Evans
SAM PUBLICATIONS
Cover:
Modellers Datafile No.11
EverythingdownasthisSea
Harriermakesaverticaldrop The British Aerospace Sea Harrier
ontothedeck
byAndyEvans
(CRoyaIN2vy)
Firstpublishedin2007bySAMPublications
MediaHouse,21 Kingsway,Bedford,MK429BJ,UnitedKingdom
©2007SAMPublications
©AndyEvans-Text
©DavidHowley-Colourartwork
©DavidHowley-Scaleplans
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,including
photocopy,recording,oranyotherinformationstorageandretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers.
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TheModellersDatafileSeries
•No.1 -DeHavillandMosquito'
•No.2- HawkerHurricane'
•No.3-SupermarineSpitfire(Part1:Merlin-Powered)'
•No.4-AvroLancaster(IncManchester&Lincoln)
•No.5-SupermarineSpitfire(Part2:Griffon-Powered)
•No.6- BristolBeaufighter
• 0.7-EnglishElectricLightning
• 0.8-Gloster(&Armstrong-Whitworth)Meteor
•No.9-MesserschmittBf109(Part1PrototypetoEVariants)
•No.IO-MesserschmittBf109(Part2FtoKVariants)
•Outofprint
Acknowledgments
ThanksareduetothefollowingwhohavehelpedinthepreparationofthisModellersDatafile.
FirstlytoNickGreenallwhoseinsight,enthusiasmandmodelswereoneofthedrivingfactorsinthebook,andtoallmembersoftheIPMSHarrier
SpecialInterestGroupfortheirhelpandco-operation.
ToGordonBartleyforhissupportandphotographs,andtoBarryJamesoftheMidlandAirMuseum.
Thanksarealsoduetothefollowing,innoorderofpreferenceforuseoftheirimagesandtheirhelpisgratefullyrecognised:
KarlBranson,TimMansfield,MatthewClements,ChrisLofting.DerekFergusson,PaulRegan,RobertTrewinard-Boyle,MichaelFreer,JooPDe,P.Tonna,
DennisJCalvert,HilaryCalvert,EdGroenendjjk,TimBeech,GaryParsons,TimBeech,AlistairJones, Lt.CommanderDavidMorgan,Royal avy
PhotographicSectionandtheFleetAirArmMuseum.
PleaseNote:Whilsteverycarehasbeentakeningatheringimagesforthisbookmanyfromtheiroriginalsources,manyviathirdpartycollectionsand
everyefforthasbeenmadetoidentifyphotographers thepublisherscannotacceptresponsibilityforanyomissionsbeyondtheircontrol.Shouldany
personsfeeltheircopyrighthasbeeninadvertentlybreached,thisisaccidental,andyoushouldcontactthepublishers.
;4",)1( ~oa"s
June2007
SAM PUBLICATIONS
Contents
Introduction 5
Glossary 6
Sea Harrier FRS.1 - 7
ChaPler1 Fixedwingfighters return totheRoyal Navy
T.4N Trainer - 14
ChaPler2 TheFRS.l'sflyingclassroom
The Falklands War - 16
ChaPler3 TheSeaHarriersfinesthour
Ski Jumping - 27
ChaPler4 TheSHARSballistic'lift'
Sea Harrier FRS.51/T.60 - 28
ChaPler5 TheIndianNavygoesVSTOL
Sea Harrier FRS.2 - F/A.2 - 34
ChaPler6 ThenextgenerationofRoyalNavyaircraft
The AMRAAM Trials - 44
Chapler "Newradar,newmissilestheF/A-2showsitsclaws"
T.8N Trainer - 46
ChaPlerS Thetwo-seaterfortheF/A.2generation
No.899 Squadron Anniversary Colour Scheme - 52
ChaPler9 TheSHARSchoolcelebrates
10 No.800 Squadron History &Decomissioning - 54
Chapler Satan 1signoff.
1 No.801 Squadron History & Decomissioning - 56
Chapler LastoftheSeaHarriers
Colour Side-views - 59
12 Sea Harrier Squadrons - 67
Chapler Badgesand histories
3 Broken or Preserved - 68
Chapler Apictiriallookatthefates oftheSeaHarrier
14 F/A-2 Walkaround - 70
Chapler ThesecondgenerationSHARindetail
15 Technical Details - 82
Chapter Drawings,diagramsandphotographs
16 Cockpit Walkaround - 94
Chapter TheSeaHarrierescapesystem
........................................................................................
17 Ejector Seat - 99
Chapter TheSeaHarrierescapesystem
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................-
18 Modelling the Sea Harrier #1 - 100
Chapter SuperDetailingtheAirfIx 1/24Harrier
Modelling the Sea Harrier #2 - 110
Airfu 1:24scaleharrier'StraightFromTheBox'
Chapter1
20 Modelling the Sea Harrier #3 - 112
Chapler QuarterScaleHarriers.AnFSR.l andF/A.2in 1/48scale
Appendices
I Kit Listing - 119
Appendix
AcomprehensiveguidetoSeaHarrierkits
II Accessories and Conversions - 120
Appendix
Add-OnstoenhancetheSHAR
III Decals - 121
Appendix
AllavailableliveriesfortheSeaHarrier
IV Harrier Histories - 122
Appendix
IndividualAircraftHistories
V Falklands Colours - 124
Appendix
AguidetothecoloursandmarkingsoftheFalklandsSeaHarriers
VI Biblography - 126
Appendix
Aconciselistofbooks,journalsandperiodicals
Index 127
Fold-out Plans-
1/48th scale
Introduction
T ZA193/93readyfortake-off
heFleetAirArmsurelyreacheditslowestebbwhenit 'Crabs'ofNO.1(F)Squadron(Navy-speakforanyonenotwearing onCAP. Fromtheweather
launcheditslastfixed-wingaircraft,aPhantomFG.lfrom navyblue)receivedtheirserviceclearancetooperatefromdecks andconditionsitispossible
thisphotowastakenon24th
HMSArkRoyal'scatapulton27November1978.This in1970,anotherclearpointertothefuture.
May1982,soitmayshow
followedthethenLabourgovernment'sdecisiontoendthe During1971aNavalAirStaffrequirementwasdevelopedfor IIDaveSmithabouttotake
Navy'sfixed-wingcapability,havingalreadycancelledthe aseagoingaircraftbasedontheRAP'sHarrierGR.3,and offtortheCAPonwhichhe
destroyedanArgentine
P.1154RNandanewcarrierdestinedtoreplaceArkRoyal.The HawkerSiddeleyweregivenacontracttostudyanddevelopa Dagger
decisionmakerssettledinsteadforhelicopter-based'commando suitabledesign.ThereweretwomajorhurdlesfortheHSAteam (eDaveMorgan)
carriers'or'through-deckcruisers'(morecommonlyknownas toovercomeinordertomeetthe avy'srequirements.Firstly,as
'see-throughcruisers'astheyweresoobviouslydesignedwith theaircraft'sprimaryrolewastobethatofairdefence,ithadto
theHarrierinmind).Thefirstoftheseshipswasorderedfrom befittedwithradarand,secondly,itwouldbenecessaryto
VickersinApril1973,tobenamedHMSInvincible,witha replacecomponentsintheGR.3'smake-upthatwouldbeprone
second,Illustrious,beinglaiddowninJune1976.Bothwere tosalt-watercorrosion.AdditionallyoneoftheNavy's
fittedwithHarrier'ski-ramps'inthelightofsuccessfulshore stipulationswasthattheaircraftshouldbeabletocarrytwoof
basedtrials.TheHarrierhadbeenflyingoffshipssincetheearly thenewBAeSeaEaglemissiles.OneoftheoriginalP.1127(RAF)
1960s;BillBedfordhad'cushioned'P.1127XP831 ontotheArk's airframes,XV277,wasmodifiedasatrialsaircrafttoshowthat
deckon8February1963whilesheanchoredoffLymeBay,and theHarriercouldcarrysuchaweapon.Itwasdecidedthat
theTri-PartiteKestrelhadundertakendecktrailsfromHMS XV277shouldinitiallyfireaMartelASMasademonstration,
Bulwarkin1966,ablydemonstratingthatVSTOLcouldbeused andtheaircraftgainedanewnosesection(similarinshapeto
asa'stand-alone'forceorintegratedwithotherassets.TheNavy thatofthefutureHarrierIIPlus)asamock-upofwhata
wasinterestedinthesupersonicversionoftheP'1127,themore seagoingHarriermightlooklike.Followingasuccessfulstudy,
ambitiousP.ll54,butwhenthiswascancelledtheSenior anorderfortwenty-four'SeaHarriers'wasannouncedinMay
Services'interestinVSTOLwaned.LittledidtheyknowthatBill 1975andthiswaslaterincreasedtothirty-five-andthestoryof
Bedford'sHarriertrialsof1963weretheshapeofthingsto thelastall-BritishFighterhadbegun,anditschroniclebecame
come,andthatinjustafewshortyearstheNavywouldlooseits thestuffoflegend.
fixedwingairpoweraltogether!Intheensuingyearsland-based
RAFHarrierswereoperatedfromtheNavy'scarriers,GR.ls ;4n~'t tuans
completedtrialsaboardHMSEagleaswellasArkRoyal,andthe June,2007
~
Preface
Glossary
Theflightdeckcrewneedto
hunkerdownasanF/A.2 AAA Anti-AircraftArtillery LRMTS......... LaserRangingandMarketTargetSeeker
roarsdownthedeckofHMS AAM........... AirtoAirMissile Lt Lieutenant
Illustrious
AEW........... AirborneEarlyWarning Lt.Cndr......... LieutenantCommander
(CRoyaiNavy)
AMRAAM...... AdvancedMediumRangeAirtoAirMissile MADGE........ MicrowaveAircraftDigitalGuideance
ASM ........... AirtoSurfaceMissile Equipment
ASRAAM AdvancedShort-RangeAirtoAirMissile MDC........... MiniatureDetonationChord
CBLS........... CarrierBombLightStores MFD........... Multi-FunctionDisplay
CBU............ ClusterBombUnits MLU........... MidLifeUpdate
Cndr........... Commander MoD........... MinistryOfDefence(UK)
CO............. CommandingOfficer MSG ........... MediumSeaGrey
ECM ........... ElectronicConterMeasures NAS............ NavalAirService
EDSG ExtraDarkSeaGrey NVG NightVisionGoggles
FAA............ FleetAirArm OBOGS......... OnBoardOxygenGeneratingSystem
FAC............ ForwardAirController OCU OperationalConversionUnit
FDO , FlightDeckOfficer OEU............ OperationalEvaluationUnit
FUR " ForwardLookingInfra-Red RAE............ RoyalAircraftEstablishment(Farnborough)
Flt.Lt........... FlightLeiutenant RCV............ ReactionControlValve
FRS............ FighterReconnaisanceStrike RNAS .......... RoyalNavalAirStation
GPS............ GlobalPositioningSystem RWR........... RadarWarningReceiver
HOTAS ......... HandsOnThrottleAndStick SA ............. SituationalAwareness
HUD........... HeadUpDisplay SHAR .......... SeaHarrier
IFF............. IndentificationFriendorFoe SHOFfU........ SeaHarrierOperationalFlyingTrainingUnit
IFR ............ In-FlightRefuelling SPLOT.......... SeniorPilot
IFfU........... IntensiveFlyingTrialsUnit Sqn ............ SquadronLeader
I AS........... IntegratedNavlAttackSystem SqnLdr......... SquadronLeader
INS ............ InertialNavigationSystem TACAN......... TacticalAidtoNavigation
JSF JointStrikeFighter TEZ............ TotalExclusionZone
LAU............ LauncherUnit VSTOL Verticaland/orShortTake-OffandLanding
Low-Vis LowVisibility(colours) WAC ........... WeaponAimingComputer
LOX............ LiquidOxygen
~
Glossary
The Sea Harrier FRS.1
Chapte,1
Factoryfresh!XZ450istowed
he'FRS'designationstoodforFighter,Reconnaissance wasaminiaturemasterpiececalledBlueFox,developedby out.Notethehighgloss
andStrike.thelatterreferringtotheaircraft'sabilityto Ferranti;itwasaversionoftheirARI.5979SeaSprayset paintwork
(eAndyEvansCollecaon)
carrynuclearweaponsornucleardepthchargesshould alreadyinservicewiththeRoyalNavy'sLynxhelicopterfleet.
theneedeverarise.Tosavecosts.theSeaHarrierwastobe ThisI-bandpulsemodulatedsetwasdesignedforair-to-air
whatwaslaterfrequentlyreferredtoasa'minimumchange' interception,air-to-surfacesearchandstrikewithground
derivativeoftheRAF'sGR.3.However,theFRS.! introduceda mappingabilities.Thislittlesetwasthenfitted intoapointed
numberofnewandkeyfeatures.Firstlythecockpitfloorwas radomethatfoldedsidewaysforeasyaccessandspacesaving
raisedby!0inchestoprovidemoreequipmentspacethus aboardthesmallerUKcarriers.
allowing,forthefirsttimeinaHarrier,somesemblanceofa Toavoidtheproblemsofsettinguptheinertialplatformon
decentdownwardviewoverthemassiveintakes,andthis amovingdeck,theGR.3'sFE.54!INSwasreplacedbyatwin
revisionwasfurtherenhancedwiththefittingofa'bubble' gyroplatformandaDecca72Doppler,givingaverysmall
canopy,whichgavethepilotabetterall-roundview.Theradar navigationalerrorafteratypical50-minsortie.Inthecockpita
ThefirstSeaHarrierXZ450
minusanymarkings
(<ClHilaryGalvert)
---2J
TheSeaHarrierFRS.1
XZ450intheearlyflamboyantmarkingsofNO.801Squadron,withtheirgoldtridentand XV451 showingtheshort-livedtailmarkingsofNO.700ASquadron,theSeaHarrier
crossswordsonaredbackgroundedgedinwhite.-Notethe'N'tailcode IntensiveFlyingTrialsUnit(IFTU)
(Q:lDonGilham) (Q:lDonGilham)
PreservedattheFleetAirArmMuseumasXZ493showingtheearlymarkingsstyleof FourNO.899SquadronHarrierspre-Falklands,showingtheirhighcolourmarkingsand
NO.800Squadron glossypaintschemes
(Q:lAndyEvansColiecUon) (Q:lMartinFreer)
ApairofSeaHarriers.OfnotehereistheWingedFistinredtrianglelogoonthenoseand
theRollsRoycebadgeontheintake.Thepilot'snameisFitItAPenfold,soontofindfame
intheFalklandsWar
(Q:lEdGroenendjik)
Asuperbline-upofNO.801Squadronjetspre-Falklands,nearestthecameraisthepersonal
mountofItCommanderTimGedgetheunit'sOC
XZ458showingthedetailofitstailmarkings
(Q:lMarUnFreer)
(Q:lDennisCalvert)
~
Chapter1
RangedonthedeckofHMS
newSmithsIndustriesHUDwasfitted,drivenbya20,000 displayoftheGR.3wasdeleted.Becauseofitsprimaryrole, Hermesasshepreparesto
worddigitalcomputer;andaswellasdisplayingitssymbology fromtheoutsettheSeaHarrierwasoutfittedtocarry leavePortsmouthareher
preciouscargoofSea
italsoservedasaweaponaimingcomputer(WAC)forair-to SidewinderAAMsfittedtoLAU-7A/Slaunchrailsontheouter
Harriers,boundfortheSouth
airandair-to-surfacedeliveries.Tie-downlugswerefittedto pylons.TheaircraftalsoretainedtheAdencannonontheir Atlanticin1982.Thehigh
visibilitypeacetimecolours
themainwheelsandoutriggers,andanenhancedwater under-fuselagestations.TheenginewasaPegasusMk 104,an
wouldsoonbereplacedby
injectionsystemtoaidcarrierrecoverywasadded.Theejector especiallydevelopedand'navalised'versionoftheMk 103, drabwarpaint
seatwasreplacedbyaMartin-BakerMk.lOandarevisedRWR eliminatingthemajormagnesiumcomponentsandhavinga (C>D>vidMorgan)
wasalsofitted,aswasaradioaltimeterandstarboardF.9S similarlyratedthrustastheMk 103at21,500Ib.
obliquecamerainthesideofthenose,andthemovingmap ThefirstproductionSeaHarrierFRS.I,XZ4S0,madeits
ZA175ofNO.899Squadron
resplendentinits50th
Anniversarylivery
(C>ChrisLofting)
maidenflightfromDunsfoldon20August1978withtestpilot
JohnFarleyatthecontrols,andwithintwoweeksitwasready
tomakeaspectaculardebutattheFarnboroughAirshow.
Threedevelopmentaircraftcamealittlelater,XZ438on30
December1978,XZ439on30March 1979andXZ440on6
June1979.ThefirstSeaHarrierhandedovertotheRoyalNavy
wasXZ4SI,whichwasdeliveredtoRNASYeoviltonon 18June
1979,andtheinitialunittoformonthenewaircraftwas
No.700AIntensiveFlyingTrialsUnit(lFTU)duringMay 1979,
inanticipationofthearrivaloftheirfirstaircraft.Atitszenith,
700AflewfiveSeaHarriers,anddevelopedtheoperational
techniquesrequiredforsafeVSTOLoperationsatsea,
ANO.800SquadronaircraftpreparestoalightaboardHMSInvincible
(CDertsGaliert) embarkingaboardHMSHermesinOctoberofthatyear.
~
TheSeaHarrierFRS.1