The "Arma Christi" in Medieval and Early Modern Material Culture: With a Critical Edition of "O Vernicle" PDF
Preview The "Arma Christi" in Medieval and Early Modern Material Culture: With a Critical Edition of "O Vernicle"
The Arma Christi in Medieval and Early Modern Material Culture This book explores the multiple resonances and representations of the arma Christi, the “instruments of the Passion,” in medieval and early modern culture. From the weapons used to torment and sacrifice the body of Christ sprang a reliquary tradition that produced active and contemplative devotional practices, complex literary narratives, intense lyric poems, striking visual images, and innovative architecture. The verbal and visual representations that accrued from these holiest of relics, and the practices they in turn inspired, are relevant to a wide variety of critical fields and theoretical approaches. This collection capitalizes on recent work on these most central of medieval “objects,” and produces, through its interdisciplinary and intergenerational scholarly collaboration, a fresh view of the multiple intersections of the spiritual and the material in the Middle Ages. It also includes a new edition of the English arma Christi poem known as “O Vernicle” from previously unpublished manuscripts. Lisa H. Cooper is Associate Professor in the Department of English at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She is the author of Artisans and Narrative Craft in Late Medieval England (2011) and co-editor, with Andrea Denny-Brown, of Lydgate Matters: Poetry and Material Culture in the Fifteenth Century (2008). Andrea Denny-Brown is Associate Professor of English at the University of California, Riverside. She is the author of Fashioning Change: The Trope of Clothing in High- and Late-Medieval England (2012), and the co-editor, with Lisa H. Cooper, of Lydgate Matters: Poetry and Material Culture in the Fifteenth Century (2008). The Arma Christi in Medieval and Early Modern Material Culture With a Critical Edition of ‘O Vernicle’ Edited by Lisa H. Cooper and Andrea Denny-Brown First published 2014 by Ashgate Publishing Published 2016 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Copyright © 2014 Lisa H. Cooper and Andrea Denny-Brown Lisa H. Cooper and Andrea Denny-Brown have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the editors of this work. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library The Library of Congress has cataloged the printed edition as follows: The Arma Christi in Medieval and Early Modern Material Culture: with a Critical Edition of ‘O Vernicle’ / Edited by Lisa H. Cooper and Andrea Denny-Brown. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Arma Christi. 2. Jesus Christ – Passion – Art. 3. Devotional objects – Catholic Church. 4. Devotional objects – Europe. I. Cooper, Lisa H., editor of compilation. II. Denny-Brown, Andrea, editor of compilation. N8052.4.A76 2013 704.9’4853–dc23 2013010585 ISBN 9781409456766 (hbk) Contents List of Illustrations vii Notes on Contributors xiii Introduction: Arma Christi: The Material Culture of the Passion 1 Lisa H. Cooper and Andrea Denny-Brown 1 The Arma Christi before the Arma Christi: Rhetorics of the Passion in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages 21 Mary Agnes Edsall 2 Figure and Ground: Elene’s Nails, Cynewulf’s Runes, and Hrabanus Maurus’s Painted Poems 53 Seeta Chaganti 3 Mapping Virtual Pilgrimage in an Early Fifteenth-Century Arma Christi Roll 83 Richard G. Newhauser and Arthur J. Russell 4 The Footprints of Christ as Arma Christi: The Evidence of Morgan B.54 113 Ann Eljenholm Nichols 5 The Arma Christi and the Ethics of Reckoning 143 Martha Rust 6 Memorial Technai, St. Thomas the Twin, and British Library Additional MS 22029 171 Ann W. Astell vi The Arma Christi in Medieval and Early Modern Material Culture 7 Arma Christi as Landscape in Hieronymus Bosch’s Saint Christopher Carrying the Christ Child 203 Suzanne Verderber 8 Liturgy and Michelangelo’s Last Judgment: Reframing the Arma Christi 225 Lee Palmer Wandel 9 The Arma Christi in Medieval and Early Modern Ireland 243 Salvador Ryan 10 Early Modern Afterlives of the Arma Christi 273 Shannon Gayk O VERNICLE: A Critical Edition 308 Ann Eljenholm Nichols Index 393 List of Illustrations Figures 1.1 Relief with War Trophies. Late 1st century AD. Part of a Roman frieze. From Cumae (?), Italy. Marble, 44 x 36 cm. Photo Credit: bpk, Berlin / Antikensammlung, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin / Johannes Laurentius 3 / Art Resource, NY. 42 1.2 Illustration for Psalm 21, Utrecht Psalter (detail) (c. 820–835). Utrecht University Library MS 32, fol. 12r. 44 2.1 Hrabanus Maurus, De laudibus sanctae crucis, Poem XIII (9th century). Vatican MS Reg. Lat. 124, fol. 15v. © 2012 Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana. Reproduced by permission of Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, with all rights reserved. 67 2.2 Hrabanus Maurus, De laudibus sanctae crucis, Poem XXVIII (9th century). Vatican MS Reg. Lat. 124, fol. 35v. © 2012 Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana. Reproduced by permission of Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, with all rights reserved. 70 3.1 Christ in Majesty with the Instruments of the Passion. Historiated initial for the penitential psalms, De Lisle Hours. New York, Pierpont Morgan Library MS G.50, fol. 87r (c. 1316–1331). Reproduced with permission of the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York. 87 viii The Arma Christi in Medieval and Early Modern Material Culture 3.2 Opening Sequence, Scottish Catholic Archives MS GB 0240 CB/57/9 (olim Blairs College 9) (early 15th century). Reproduced with permission of the Keeper of the Scottish Catholic Archives, Columba House, Edinburgh. 89 3.3 Crucifixion Sequence, Scottish Catholic Archives MS GB 0240 CB/57/9 (olim Blairs College 9) (early 15th century). Reproduced with permission of the Keeper of the Scottish Catholic Archives, Columba House, Edinburgh. 90 3.4 Detail of Coins, Scottish Catholic Archives MS GB 0240 CB/57/9 (olim Blairs College 9) (early 15th century). Reproduced with permission of the Keeper of the Scottish Catholic Archives, Columba House, Edinburgh. 91 3.5 Detail of Vernicle, Scottish Catholic Archives MS GB 0240 CB/57/9 (olim Blairs College 9) (early 15th century). Reproduced with permission of the Keeper of the Scottish Catholic Archives, Columba House, Edinburgh. 103 3.6 Closing Sequence, Scottish Catholic Archives MS GB 0240 CB/57/9 (olim Blairs College 9) (early 15th century). Reproduced with permission of the Keeper of the Scottish Catholic Archives, Columba House, Edinburgh. 104 3.7 Bloody Footprints Sequence, Scottish Catholic Archives MS GB 0240 CB/57/9 (olim Blairs College 9) (early 15th century). Reproduced with permission of the Keeper of the Scottish Catholic Archives, Columba House, Edinburgh. 106 4.1 Christ bearing the cross, blood drops on the ground. Fitzwilliam Museum MS 57, fol. 67v (c. 1450–1460). © The Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, UK. 128 5.1 Judas’ pence. Princeton, Taylor MS 17, fol. 3 (c. 1500). By permission of the Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, Princeton University Library. 160 5.2 English penny with cross (1422–1427). © The Trustees of the British Museum. 163 6.1 Image of Christ with blindfold at the back of his head. © British Library Board. London, British Library Additional MS 22029 (c. 1425). 184 6.2 Image of Christ spat upon by Jews. © British Library Board. London, British Library Additional MS 22029 (c. 1425). 185 6.3 Image of Christ carrying squared Tau cross. © British Library Board. London, British Library Additional MS 22029 (c. 1425). 188 6.4 Image of Tau cross at Calvary. © British Library Board. London, British Library Additional MS 22029 (c. 1425). 189
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