The Archaeology of the Upper Amazon: Complexity and Interaction in the Andean Tropical Forest PDF
Preview The Archaeology of the Upper Amazon: Complexity and Interaction in the Andean Tropical Forest
The Archaeology of the Upper Amazon University Press of Florida Florida A&M University, Tallahassee Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton Florida Gulf Coast University, Ft. Myers Florida International University, Miami Florida State University, Tallahassee New College of Florida, Sarasota University of Central Florida, Orlando University of Florida, Gainesville University of North Florida, Jacksonville University of South Florida, Tampa University of West Florida, Pensacola THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE Upper Amazon Complexity and Interaction in the Andean Tropical Forest Edited by Ryan Clasby and Jason Nesbitt University Press of Florida Gainesville / Tallahassee / Tampa / Boca Raton Pensacola / Orlando / Miami / Jacksonville / Ft. Myers / Sarasota Copyright 2021 by Ryan Clasby and Jason Nesbitt All rights reserved Published in the United States of America. 26 25 24 23 22 21 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Clasby, Ryan, editor. | Nesbitt, Jason, editor. Title: The archaeology of the Upper Amazon : complexity and interaction in the Andean tropical forest / edited by Ryan Clasby and Jason Nesbitt. Description: Gainesville : 1, 2021. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2021007576 (print) | LCCN 2021007577 (ebook) | ISBN 9780813066905 (cloth) | ISBN 9780813057828 (pdf) Subjects: LCSH: Indians of South America—Amazon River Valley. | Amazon River Valley—Antiquities. | Amazon River Valley—History. Classification: LCC F2519.1.A6 A73 2021 (print) | LCC F2519.1.A6 (ebook) | DDC 981/.1—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021007576 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021007577 The University Press of Florida is the scholarly publishing agency for the State University System of Florida, comprising Florida A&M University, Florida Atlantic University, Florida Gulf Coast University, Florida International University, Florida State University, New College of Florida, University of Central Florida, University of Florida, University of North Florida, University of South Florida, and University of West Florida. University Press of Florida 2046 NE Waldo Road Suite 2100 Gainesville, FL 32609 http://upress.ufl.edu We dedicate this book to Warren DeBoer, who died on May 24, 2020. Warren was a remarkable scholar who carried out pioneering research in the tropical lowlands of Peru and Ecuador. He had broad interests that in addition to the Upper Amazon included the archaeol- ogy of North America, archaeological theory, and ethnoarchaeology. His chapter in this book is the latest example of his incisive intellect and his unmatched literary skills. His dry sense of humor and his generosity of spirit will be missed by all who knew him. Contents List of Figures ix List of Tables xiii 1. Introduction: Changing Perspectives on the Archaeology of the Upper Amazon 1 Ryan Clasby and Jason Nesbitt 2. Ecology and Human Habitation of Andean Forests 23 Kenneth R. Young 3. A Record of Early Long-Distance Societal Interaction from Manachaqui Cave in Peru’s Northeastern Andes 38 Warren B. Church 4. The Mayo-Chinchipe-Marañón Complex: The Unexpected Spirits of the Ceja 62 Francisco Valdez 5. Emergence of Sociopolitical Complexity in Northern Peru: A Diachronic Perspective from the Huancabamba Valley 83 Atsushi Yamamoto 6. Connections between the Chavín Heartland and the Ceja de Selva in the Late Initial Period: New Perspectives from Canchas Uckro (1100–800 BC) 106 Jason Nesbitt, Rachel Johnson, and Bebel Ibarra Asencios 7. Monumentality and Social Complexity in the Upano Valley, Upper Amazon of Ecuador 129 Estanislao M. Pazmiño 8. Continuity and Interaction along the Eastern Edge of the Andes during the Central Andean Early Intermediate Period 148 Ryan Clasby 9. Contested Territory: Pre-Hispanic Interethnic Contact/Conflict in the Lower Apurimac Valley, Peru 168 J. Scott Raymond 10. Herders in the Jungle: Beyond the Junín Plateau of Central Peru 188 Charles M. Hastings 11. Over the Andes and through Their Goods: Late Pre-Columbian Political Economic Relations in Northern Ecuador 208 Ryan Scott Hechler 12. The Cápac Ñan from Chachapoyas to the Tierra Adentro 228 Inge Schjellerup 13. The Guaraní Expansion in Southeastern Bolivia: Confronting the Inca Empire 243 Sonia Alconini 14. Conclusion: Borderlines of Biology, Language, and Culture 265 Warren R. DeBoer List of Contributors 299 Index 303 Figures 1.1. Map of Upper Amazon with major rivers 4 1.2. Relevant sites listed in the text 8 2.1. Rolling topography of northernmost Peru 26 2.2. Abrupt topography 26 2.3. Researchers in a montane cloud forest 28 2.4. Ecotone of puna grasslands 30 3.1. Map of study area using Google Earth satellite and a view of Manachaqui Cave 39 3.2. Plan map of excavation units at Manachaqui Cave and stratigraphic profile of east excavation units 47 3.3. Manachaqui Cave Phase chronology and Manachaqui Phase ceramics 52 3.4. Illustrations and partially reconstructed vessels from the “flash horizon” ceramic assemblage 54 3.5. Illustration by Felipe Guamán Poma (1615) and Empedrada Phase ceramics 56 4.1. Mayo-Chinchipe-Marañón Basin map 64 4.2. Santa Ana–La Florida site plan 68 4.3. Spiral architecture at Santa Ana–La Florida 71 4.4. Stirrup-spout effigy vessel 75 4.5. Stone bowl complex iconography 76 5.1. The Huancabamba Valley 84 5.2. Topographic map of Ingatambo 87 5.3. Ingatambo architectural sequence 89 5.4. Pomahuaca Phase settlement patterns 91 5.5. Pomahuaca Phase ceramics 92 5.6. Ingatambo Phase settlement patterns 94 5.7. Ingatambo Phase ceramics 96 6.1. Map of the Conchucos region 107
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