The Appalachian Integrated Pest Management (AIPM) gypsy moth project : final status report

40 Pages·1994·2.7 MB·English

Historic, Archive Document
Do not assume content reflects current
scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.

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@® The Appalachian
United States
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Department of
Agriculture Integrated Pest Management
Forest Service
Gypsy Moth Project
Northeastern
Area
Final Status Report
Northeastern Area,
~ State and Private Forestry
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895 1994 Status Report

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The Appalachian
Integrated Pest Management
(AIPM)
Gypsy Moth Project
Final Status Report
0 1994 Status Report
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The Appalachian Integrated Pest Management (AIPM)
Gypsy Moth Demonstration Project
Final Status Report
Introduction The Problem
The gypsy moth is an insect whose caterpillar stage feeds on the
leaves of forest and shade trees (such as oak and maple). During
outbreaks, these caterpillars can become so numerous that entire
forests are defoliated, often causing loss of tree growth and tree
vigor, tree mortality, and disruptions in forest recreation and changes
in ecosystem structure and function. The caterpillars often pose a
serious nuisance problem in residential areas.
Introduced into North America in 1869, the gypsy moth has steadily
expanded its range southward and westward from its introduction
point in Massachusetts. In the Northeast, the gypsy moth has devel-
oped a pattern of outbreaks mixed with years of low population.
During 1981, over 13 million acres were defoliated. Along the
so-called leading edge or expanding front the gypsy moth is in
perpetual outbreak. It is in this area that the gypsy moth gets the
most attention because neither the forests nor the human population
have adapted to it.
Some of the valid reasons for increased concern about the gypsy
moth, as it expands its range into the Virginias and beyond into the
southern hardwood regions, are:
O Oak and other susceptible species are more prevalent.
QO Forests are important to the local and regional economy.
O The climate may be more favorable to the gypsy moth.
Oo Following defoliation, a warm, dry climate may cause
significant tree mortality.
In response to these increased concerns, Congress provided a supple-
mental appropriation to the Forest Service in 1987 to initiate the
Appalachian Integrated Pest Management (AIPM) Gypsy Moth
Demonstration Project. This project was aimed at slowing-the-spread
and minimizing the impact of the gypsy moth along the Allegheny
Mountains in Virginia and West Virginia. A major focus of the AIPM
project was the development of a model Integrated Pest Management
‘ Program for use in a large geographic area. A system that uses a
variety of methods to manage gypsy moth populations in an environ-
mentally sound manner will prove invaluable as the gypsy moth
moves into the southern hardwood region.
The project was designed as a five-year effort and funding for field
operations ceased in September, 1992. While some studies begun
under AIPM continued through 1993 as part of the National Center
of Forest Health Management, 1993 was mainly used to complete
data analysis, develop recommendations and document the project.
This is the final Status Report for this Project.
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