Tap into water! : Massachusetts Water Resources Authority 2002 drinking water test results

8 Pages·2002·0.73 MB·English

by  Massachusetts Water Resources Authority

SHARE YOUR THOUGHTS
MASSACHUSETTS WATER RESOURCES AUTHORITY Your comments on last
^ CHARLESTOWN NAVY YARD • 100 FIRST AVENUE • BOSTON, MA 02129 year's report helped us
to Improve It.To reduce
costs,we shortened the
dear customer. report this year,with
each copy costing only
28 cents to print and
am pleased to send you this annual report on yourdrinking waterquality. This report is pre-
I mall.Give us a call,send
pared with the help ofyour local water and health department and it describes how wetreat a letteror e-mall,and let
anddeliverthetapwaterthatreachesyourhome. Italsoincludesthetestresultsfor2002-and us know what you think.
the news is good. Forexample,in 2002,MWRA metthefederal Lead and Copper Ruleforthe
firsttime.
alsowantyou to know thatweare nearing completion ofseveral facilities designed to mod-
I
ernizeourwatersystem.Thenewwatertunnel,treatmentplantandstorageprojectstoimprove
system reliability and security are the biggest advances in the regional water supply in many MassachusettsWater
decades. Wehavemadegreatprogressontheseprogramsoverthelastyearandwewill begin Resources Authority
atwo-yearstart-upofthenewwatersystemthisfall.Wewillbeworkingcloselywithlocalwater 100 First Avenue
Boston, MA 02129
departmentstoensurecontinuousoperationsasthese newfacilitiesare broughton-line.
617-242-5232
hopeyouwilltakeafewmomentsto readthis importantreport. MWRAhasgreatconfidence www.mwra.com
I
Espanol:617-788-1190
in thewaterwe deliverto over2 million customersand we hopethatthis reportwill giveyou
the same conf'^^nrp Please contact us ifyou have any questions or comments about your
waterquality,oranyofMWKMb piuyiai,u.
Sincerely,
FrederickA.Laskey
ExecutiveDirector
This report provides information on:
Whereyourwatercomes from - page 2
Improvements to the system page 2 This report is required
under the Federal Safe
Test results pages 3,4
Drinking Water Act Public
How your water is treated page 4 Law 104-182,
Sectionl414(c)(4)
Informationabout lead - page 5 MWRAPWSID#6000000
Special notice forthe immuno-compromised — - page 6
List of further resources page 6
Information about your community water system page 7
WatershedProtection
Where does your water come from?
TheMWRAsupplieswholesalewatertolocal report showthatthese are not a problem in and clear.Also to ensure safety, the streams
waterdepartments in 40citiesand towns of thereservoirs'watersheds. and the reservoirs are tested often and the
greater Boston and MetroWest and three in Quabbin and Wachusett watersheds are watershedspatrolleddailybytheMetro-
Western Massachusetts.This water comes protected naturally,asover85%ofthewater- politanDistriaCommission(MDC).
fromQuabbin Reservoir,about65 mileswest sheds are covered in forest and wetlands.
ofBoston,andWachusettReservoir,about35 About 75% ofthe total watershed land can-
miles west of Boston.The reservoirs provide not be built on. The natural undeveloped
about 250 million gallons of high quality watersheds help to keep MWRA water clean
watertoconsumerseachday.Waterfromthe
MajorImprovements Underway
WareRiver,located betweenthesetworeser-
MWRA^sIntegratedWaterSupplyImprovement pro-
voirs,canalsoaddtothesupplyattimes.
gramisa 10-year,$1.7billionseriesofprojectsto
protect watersheds,and build new water treat-
ment and transmission facilities.It is morethan
halfway complete and scheduled to be on-line by2004.Beon the lookoutfor more infor-
mationonwatersystemimprovementsasnewfacilitiescomeon-lineoverthenextyearand
a half.Themajorcomponentsare:
WalnutHill WaterTreatment Plant -Weareover60%donewith a newwatertreatment
plantinMarlboroughthatwillbeginoperatinginDecember2004. Itwillconsolidatealltreat-
Rain and snowfalling on thewatersheds - ment steps into one plant,and will use ozone ratherthan chlorinefor primarydisinfection.
protected land around the reservoirs - turn Ozone provides stronger disinfection against pathogens, such as Cryptosporidium, and will
intostreamsthatflowtothereservoirs.Water reducelevelsofdisinfectionbyproducts.
comes in contact with soil, rock, plants, and MetroWestWaterSupplyTunnel-Weare99%donewitha 17-mile-longtunneltoconnect
othermaterialasitfollowsnature'spathtothe thenewtreatmentplantatWalnutHilltothegreaterBostonarea. Thiswill becomethemain
reservoirs.While this process helps clean the transmission line with the aging Hultman Aqueductas the back-up.The new tunnel is fully
water,itcanalsodissolveandcarryverysmall boredandliningiscomplete.Thetunnelwill beputintoserviceinFall2003.
amounts of material into the reservoir. WaterStorageTanks -Wehavebeenbuildingcoveredstoragetankstoreplacesmallopen
Mineralsfromsoiland rock,including lowlev- reservoirs nearcitiesandtowns.This lessensthe riskthatcontaminantswillgetintoyourtap
elsofnaturalradioactivematerials,donotusu- waterandisrequiredbytheStateDepartmentofEnvironmentalProtection(DEP)rules.Three
ally cause problems in the water. But water ofthesetanksinStoneham,Ludlow,andWestonarenowcomplete.Constructionofafourthin
canalsotransportcontaminantsfromhuman WestonwillbeplacedinserviceinFall2003toreplacetheNorumbegaReservoirinWeston.
and animal activity.Thesecan include bacte-
Pipeline Rehabilitation-MWRAand localwaterdepartmentsareworkingto replace,or
ria,viruses,pesticides,andfertilizers-someof cleanandrelinehundredsofmilesofbothMWRAandlocallyownedolderpipes.
whichcancauseillness.Thetestresultsinthis
1
QUESTION & ANSWER
Howwould knowabout
I
Water a problem with the
test results
watersupply?
MWRAand
are 0.3 NTU and the highest level found at
yourlocal
Wachusettwas0.84NTU.
water
MWRAalsotestsreservoirwaterforpathogens-
department
suchasfecalcoliformbacteria,viruses,andthepar-
keepclose
asitesCryptosporidiumand Giardia.Theycanenter
watchonthe
the water from animal or human waste. All test watersupply.
results were well within state and federal stan- Thelaw
dards.NoCryptosporidiumorGiardiawasfound in requiresthat
weeklysamplesofwaterattheintake. you betold ifthereisa problem
withyourwater.Youwould get
thenews byradio,television
and newspapers,from MWRA,
yourlocalwaterand health
departments,andthestate
DepartmentsofPublic Health
(DPH)and Environmental
Sodiuminwatercontributesonlya
Protection (DEP).
Before treatment smallfractionofaperson'soverall A
Yourwateristestedeachstepoftheway-from sodiumintake(lessthan 10%).
the reservoir to the tap. We test the water as it MWRAtestsforsodiummonthly
leavesthereservoirtoseehowwellourwatershed andthehighestlevelfoundwas
protection is working.Test results show few con 28.9mg/l(about7mgperglass
taminants are found in the reservoir water.Those Whatdoesthistabletell me?
few that are found are present in very small After treatment EPArequiresthatwetestforover
amounts,well belowEPA'sstandards. EPA and State regulations also require many 120contaminants.MWRAfound
onlythosenoted inthisreport.
Turbidity(orcloudinessofwater)isonemeasure water quality tests after treatment to check the
ofoverallwaterquality.WachusettReservoirwater wateryou aredrinking.MWRAfollows-and even WhatIsthebottom line?
is below both EPA's standard of 5.0 NTU goesbeyond-thesetests.Weconductthousands Thewaterqualityisexcellent.All
(Nephelometric Turbidity Units) and the stricter oftests peryear.This allows us to better monitor ofthelevelsarewell belowEPA's
Massachusetts standard of 1.0 NTU.Typical levels yourwater. allowable limits.
1 1 1 i 1 1 ! 1 ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 ! 1 ! 1 1 1 1 I
ReservoirWaterTest Results - AfterTreatment
(MCL) (We
Highest Found) (MCLG)
Level Detected Rangeof Ideal
Compound Units Allowed Level Detections Goal Violation HowitGetsintheWater
Barium ppm 2 0.011 0.007-0.011 2 no Commonmineralinnature t_J
Fluoride ppm 4 1.47 0.79-1.47 4 no Additivefordentalhealth
Nitrate ppm 10 0.1 0.014-0.1 10 no Naturaldeposits,stormwater/fertilizerrunoff
Nitrite ppm 1 0.007 0.007 1 no Naturaldeposits,stormwater/fertilizerrunoff
BetaParticles pCi/L 50* 0.86 0.86 0 no Erosionofnaturalmineraldeposits
CombinedRadium pCi/L 5 2.2 1.05-2.2 0 no Erosionofnaturalmineraldeposits
TotalTrihalomethanes ppb avg=80 avg=57.2 27.5-88.3 0 no Byproductsofwaterdisinfection
HaloaceticAcids-5 ppb avg=60 avg=28.4 0.9-59.4 0 no Byproductsofwaterdisinfection
KEY: MCL=MaximumContaminantLevel-Thehiahestlevelofcontaminantallowedinwater.MCLsaresetasclosetothe Hi
MCLGsasfeasibleusingthebestavailabletechnology. MCLG=MaximumContaminantLevelGoal-Thelevelof
contaminantindrinkingwaterbelowwhichthereisnoknownorexpectedrisktohealth.MCLGsallowforamarginofsafety. ——
ppm=partspermillion-aboutonedropinone55gallonbarrelofwater, ppb=partsperbillion-aboutonedropin 1000 larrels
ofwater. pCi/L=picoCuriesperliter. *EPAconsiders50pCi/1tobethelevelofconcernforbetapaticles. avg=Average
|-
1 1 I i 1 i i i 1 1 i 1 i i i 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 i i 1 i i
•QUESTION & ANSWER
Howdoes MWRA
run more specific tests for E.coli, which is a protect mywater?
pathogen found in human and animal fecal waste
MDCrangers,
thatcancauseillness.
in partner-
shipwith
Total ColiformResults
MWRA,patrol
Highest%of Violations
Community posiatnivdemsoanmtphles O5I%til^iAmist tahnedQuabbin ^
Boston 0.37%Quly) No Wachusett
Framingham 1.33%(Aug.,Sept.) No Reservoirs j *
Norwood 4.35%Quly) No and incomingstreamswithinthe
Quincy 1.05%(March) No watershedeveryday.Thewater
Revere 1.82%(April,June) No istesteddaily formanyparame-
Somerville 2.33%(September) No ters,and manymoretestsare
Southborough 20%(August) Yes* performedweeklyand monthly.
Weston 8.7%Quly) Yes* Operatorsmonitorthewater
MWRA 1.96%(August) No thatcomestoyourcommunity
transmissionline
24hoursaday,365daysayear.
How did we do in 2002? Also,in responsetoanyheight-
Thetablereportstestresultsfrom 30communi- enedalertsfromtheDepartment
tiesthatreceivealloftheirwaterfromMWRA.Total ofHomelandSecurity,MWRAhas
coliformwerefoundin8communities. takenextrasecuritysteps,includ-
How is our water treated? *Only two,ofthese communities exceeded the inglockingdownoperational
MWRA'slicensedoperatorstreatwateratanum- EPA standard. In 15 follow-up tests, no E.coli was facilities,addingfacilitychecks,
berofplacesinthesystem.Thefirsttreatmentstep found. For more information on total coliform increasingwaterqualitymonitor-
is the primary disinfection of reservoir water.We results and actions taken for Southborough and ing,andmanyothersecurity
measures.
carefully add measured doses of chlorine to the Weston,pleasereadyourcommunityletter.
water to l<ill any pathogens (germs) that may be
presentinthewater. New EPA Regulations
Next,thewaterchemistry is adjusted to reduce MWRAhasbeenworkingwithEPAandother
corrosionofleadandcopperfromhomeplumbing researcherstodefinenewnationaldrinkingwater
(seepage5). Fluorideisthenaddedtoreducecav- rulesbytestingforcompoundswhicharenot
ities.Last,weaddchloramine,a mildand long last- regulated.Ourresultswill beusedwiththoseof
ingdisinfectantcombiningchlorineandammonia, otherwatersupplierstohelpEPAsetregulations
which protects the water while it is in the local forthesecompoundsiftheyarenecessary.MWRA
isalsoparticipatingwithTuftsUniversityona
pipelines.
nationally-fundedstudyonCryptosporidium.
Tests in community pipes
MWRA and local water departments worl<
togethertotestwaterallthewaytothetap.Wetest
300 to 500 samples ofwater in the city and town Chloropicrin ppm 0.0007
systemseachweekfortotalcoliformbacteria.Total ChloralHydrate ppm 0.0017J
coliform bacteria can come from the intestines of CyanogenChloride ppm 0.001 J
warm-bloodedanimals,andtheyalsocanbefound Haloacetonitriles ppm 00012 1
insoil,onplants,andotherplaces.Mostofthetime, Haloketones ppm 0.0016
thesebacteriaarenotharmfultohumans.However, TotalOrganicHalides mgCl/1 0.21
Viruses MPN/L 0.0156*
their presence could signal that harmful bacteria
from fecal waste may be there as well.The EPA Cryptosporidium cystsperlOOL 0.02* 1
requiresthatno morethan 5%ofthesamples ina pmpgmCl=/1pa=rmtislpleirgrmailmlsioofnchlorideperliter
givenmonth maybepositivefortotalcoliform. Ifa 1 MPN/L=mostprobablenumberperliter
water sample tests positive for total coliform, we 1 *Resuhsfrom2002
QUESTION & ANSWER
What can doto reduce
I
Lead in tap water exposureto lead In
drinking water?
MWRAwaterislead-freewhenitleavesthereser- •Becarefulof
voirs.MWRAandlocal pipesthatcarrythewaterto Important placesyou
yourcommunityaremademostlyofironandsteel, mayfindlead
and do not add lead to water. However,lead can Lead Information inornear
getintotapwaterthrough pipesinthehome,lead from EPA yourhome.
solder used in plumbing,and some brass fixtures. Paint,soil,
Infantsandyoungchildrenaretypically dust,and
Corrosionorwearingawayoflead-based materials
morevulnerable toleadindrinkingwater somepottery
canaddleadtotapwater,especiallyifwatersitsfor
alongtimeinthepipesbeforeuse. thanthegeneralpopulation.Itispossible maycontainlead.
UnderEPArules,eachyearMWRAandyourlocal thatleadlevelsatyourhomemaybe •Runthetapuntilthewaterfeels
waterdepartmentmusttesttapwaterina sample higherthanatother homesinthe cold.Thenfillapitcherwith
of homes that are likely to have high lead levels. communityasaresultof waterandplaceinrefrigerator
Theseare usually homeswith lead service lines or materialsusedinyour forfutureuse.
leadsolder.TheEPArulerequiresthat9outof10,or home'splumbing.Ifyouare •Neverusehotwaterfromthe
90%,ofthe sampled homes must have lead levels concernedaboutelevated faucetfordrinkingorcooking-
belowtheActionLevelof15partsperbillion(ppb). leadlevelsinyourhome's especiallywhenmaking baby
water,youmaywishtohave formulaorotherfoodfor
Good news on lead yourwatertestedandflush infants.
In 1996,MWRAbegantotreatthewatertomake yourtapfor30secondsto2 •Askyourlocalwaterdepart-
it less likely that lead would enter tap water from minutesbeforeusingtap mentifthereareleadservice
pipes.Sincethen,theefforttohelpcontrolleadcor- water.Additionalinformation pipesleadingtoyourhome.
^
rosion has continued, and now MWRA meets the isavailablefromtheSafe / •Testyourtapwater. Contact
LeadandCopperRule.Leadlevelsinsampledworst DrinkingWaterHotline MWRAformoretipsandalist
^ *
case homes have steadily dropped since 1992. (800-426-4791). ofcertifiedlabs.
ResultsforSeptember2002areshowninthetable,
• CalltheDepartmentof
with an overall test score of91.9%, now meeting
PublicHealthat
thestandardof90%.Nineoftenhouseswerebelow
617-284-8400ifyouhave
11.3ppb,whichisbelowtheActionLevelof15ppb. questions.
MWRAonceagainmettheCopperActionLevel.
LeadandCopperResults for2002
] (Target) (Ideal #homesthat
]° Range v9a0lu%e ALcetvieoln MGoCaLlG) hfoaimleesdAtLes/te#d
LEAD 0-62ppb 11.3ppb 15ppb 0 33/407
COPPER 0-1.1 ppm 0.12ppm 1.3ppm 0 0/407
AccotnitoanmiLneavenlt(wAhLi)c-hT,hiefecxocneceednetdr,attiroinggoefras 90thPercentile LeadLevels forMWRACommunities: 1992-2002
treatmentorotherrequirementswhichawater 70+-
systemmustfollow.
MaximumContaminantLevelGoal 60
(MCLG)-Thelevelofacontaminantin J3 50--
dkarlnilonowkwnifnoogrrwaeaxmtpaeerrcgtbieendloorfwisswkahfteiotchyh.eatlhtehr.eMiCsLnoGs 40-- I I 9E0PtAhALcetaidonLeLveevlel(15ppb)
30
-a
d 20
O n
-
lOf
0 ^~
1992 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Tl
QUESTION & ANSWER
Mywaterisdiscolored or
Important information cloudyonce in a while.
Can I drinkit?
from EPA & DEP about... Wateris
piped under
Contaminants in Bottled persons with cancer undergoing pressure
WaterandTapWater: chemotherapy,persons who have throughout
Drinking water, including bottled undergone organ transplants, thesystem.
Sometimes
water,may reasonably be expected to people with HIV/AIDS or other
containatleastsmallamountsofsome immune system disorder, some aircan
become
contamination. The presence of con- elderlyandinfantscanbeparticu-
trapped in
taminantsdoesnotnecessarilyindicate larlyat riskfrom infections.These
thewater,
that water poses a health risk. More peopleshouldseekadviceabout
causing cloudiness.Thisisonly
information about contaminants and potential drinking water from their health care providers.
temporaryandthewaterclears
health effectscan beobtained bycalling EPA'sSafe EPA/CDCguidelinesonappropriatemeanstolessen
up ina shorttime.
DrinkingWaterHotline(1-800-426-4791). the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other
Rustfromold iron pipescan
In orderto ensurethattap water is safeto drink, microbial contaminantsareavailablefrom the Safe causered,brown,oryellow
Massachusetts DEP and EPA prescribe regulations DrinkingWaterHotline(1-800-426-4791). water.Changesinwaterspeed
that limit the amount of certain contaminants in ordirection in yourlocal pipes
water provided by publicwater systems. The Food Notice on Norumbega Reservoir causerusttobecarriedalong.
and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Mass- Untilthe newcovered storagetankiscompleted, Thiscan happenwhenthe
achusetts Department of Public Health regulations theMassachusettsDEPrequiresthatMWRApublish valvesare being repaired,orthe
establishlimitsforcontaminantsinbottledwaterthat the following notice: "Inadequately treated water system is being repaired,
mustprovidethesameprotectionforpublichealth. may contain disease-causing organisms. These flushedortested,orfire
organisms include bacteria, viruses, and parasites hydrantsarein use.Waituntil
DrinkingWater and People with whichcancausesymptomssuchasnausea,cramps, thewaterisclearbeforedoing
Weakened Immune Systems: diarrhea,andassociated headaches." Thenewtank laundrytoavoidstaining
Some people may be more vulnerable to con- willcomeon-lineintwostepsinFall2003 andSpring clothes.Youcan safelydrink,
taminantsindrinkingwaterthanisthegeneralpop- 2004. Seepage2ofthisreportandwww.mwra.com cookwith,orbatheinthiswater.
ulation. Immuno-compromised persons such as formoreinformation.
WHERE TO GO FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
HEALTH ISSUES WEBSITES PHONE
MassachusettsDepartmentofPublicHealth(DPH) www.mass.gov/dph 617-624-6000
USCentersforDiseaseControl&Prevention(CDC) www.cdc.gov 800-311-3435
ListofStateCertifiedWaterQualityTestingLobs www.mwra.com/water/html/qual6.htm 617-242-5323
WATER SYSTEM & REGULATIONS
MassachusettsWaterResourcesAuthority(MWRA) www.mwra.com 617-242-5323
MassachsuettsDepartmentofEnvironmentalProtection www.mass.gov/dep 617-292-5500
MetropolitanDistrictCommission www.mass.gov/mdc/waterhtm 617-727-5274
SourceWaterAssessmentandProtectionReport www.mwra.com/sourcewater.htm 617-242-5323
PUBLIC MEETINGS
MWRABoardofDirectors www.mwra.com/org/html/gov.htm 617-788-1117
MWRAAdvisoryBoard www.mwra.com/adbrd/htmL/hpadbd.htm 617-742-7561
WaterSupplyCitizensAdvisoryCommittee www.mwra.com/org/html/wscac.htm 413-586-8861
Ifyou would like more in-depth information on yourwaterquality,a monthly report isavailable.
Pleasevisitourwebsiteorcall 617-242-5323. Thankyoufor reading this report.
r
1 I I
A
TIPS TO SAVE WATER
OUTDOORS
Water Conservation Wateryour
lawn (and
otherland-
Wasting watercan add upquickly.On average,a scaping) in
familyoffouruses90,000gallonsofwatereachyear, theearly
oreachpersonusesabout60gallonsofwatereach morning or
day.Consumersarediscovering that more efficient eveningto
waterusecan reducetheimpactonthewatersup- avoid evapo-
plyand theirwallets.Here are some ways to make ration.
yourhomeandyourhabitsmorewaterefficient. Be suresprinklerswateronlyon
yourlawn,notthe pavement.
Fix Leaks
Neverwateronawindy,rainy,
A leakyfaucet is easyto see.But hidden leaks in
orhotday.
the toilet, under the sink, or behind a washing
machinecanwastelargeamountsofwaterandalso Neverusethehosetoclean
damage floors or ceilings. Take a reading of your debrisfromyourdrivewayor
water meter.Checkagain in an hour.Ifthe reading sidewalk.Usea broom.
haschanged,you'vegotatleastoneleak.Investigate! Applymulcharoundflowersto
reduceevaporation,promote
Install a Low-FlushToilet plantgrowth,and control
Toiletsaccountforoverathirdofthewaterused weeds.
in mosthomes,installing a newultra lowflushtoi-
letwillsavethousandsofgallonseachyearandcan
Forfurtherinformationon
reduceyourbathroomwaterusebymorethanhalf
theseofanyotherwatersaving
tips,pleasecall617-242-SAVEor
Install a Low-Flow Showerhead and visitwww.mwra.com.
FaucetAerator
Some showerheads may still use over 5 gallons
perminute. Alow-flowshowerheaduses2.5gallons
or less and can save you over 20 gallons per 10- OutdoorWaterSavingsTips
minuteshower.Inoneyear,that'sover7000gallons. Summer is an especially importanttime to save
Faucetscanuse2to7gallonsofwaterperminute-a water.Waterconsumption can increase upto 50%
low-flowaeratorcanreducetheflowbyabout25%. inthesummermonthsduetooutdoorwateruse.
1~T
I I I ! I I I I I I I
How much does installing a 1.6 gallon toilet save?
PRE 1980 TOILETS... POST 1980 TOILETS.
t i t
{uses7.0 1 {uses5.0 I
gallons I gallons I
oerflushI oerflushI
5.4gallonsperflush 3.4gallonsperflush 1.9gallonsperflush
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WATERRESOURCES
ECRWSS
AUTHORITYAND
YOURLOCALWATER
DEPARTMENT
GOVERMENT DOCUMENTS Residential Customer
COLLECTION
MAR 0 2 200^
University of Massachusetts
Depository Copy
THIS ISA"RIGHT-TO-KNOW"REPORT REQUIREDTO BE SENTTOYOU UNDERTHE U.S.ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LAWS.
ITCONTAINS IMPORTANTINFORMATIONONTHEQUALITYOFYOUR DRINKINGWATER!
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PRINT VERSION OF THIS REPORT IS AVAILABLE. PLEASE C