Spark 1 Grammar Book

103 Pages·2010·15.616 MB·English

by  Virginia Evans, Jenny Dooley

~~
Express Publishing
-ill
AIA n - The
The Indefinite Article 'A/An' The Definite Article 'The'
• We use an before words which begin with • We use the definite article the
a vowel (at e, it 0, u). on erosel
• We use a before words that begin with a consonant
(b, C, d, f 9. h, j, k, I, rn, n, P, ~
t
q, " S, t, V, w, X, y, z). Q pencil ~
• We use a/an with Singular countable nouns when we talk about something specific, for
talk about something for the first time. example when the noun is
It is a bicycle. mentioned for a second time or is
• We also use a/an after the phrases This is .. ./That is ... ./ already known. In other words,
There is ", and when we want to say what when we can answer the
somebody/something is or what someone's question 'Who?' or 'Which?',
job is. I can see a notebook.
She is a
The notebook il blue.
(Which notebook?
This is a dog.
The specific notebook
in the picture.)
1
a) Use a/an and the words In the list to fill In the gaps, as In the example.
• book • atlas • pencil sharpener • school bag • ruler • eraser • notebook • pencil
( 1
0 schoolbog ) ( 5 HHHHHHHH )
( 2
( 6
HHHHHHHHH ) HHHHUHH)
( 3 HHHHH.HHHH ) ( 7HHHHHHHH )
( 4
HHHHHHHH ) ( 8 HHHHHHHH' )
b) Look at Ex. la and write sentences, as In the example.
1 This is a sChoolbog. The schoolbog is purple.
2
Fill In a/an, as In the example. . 3 Fill In with 0, on or the.
1 This is ....... pen ........ pen is red.
2 ....... Spanish flag has three stripes.
3 There is ....... orange book on ....... desk.
1 on apple 2 ....... cat 3 ....... eagle 4 ....... school is open today.
Speaking
4 Point to objects around you and
make sentences, as In the example.
4 ....... egg 5 ....... bird 6 ....... balloon
A. This is a ruler. The ruler is blue. elc
MODULt: 1
5
~ The verb 'to be'
I am we are I'm we're
you are you are you're you're
he is } he's } Are you from Italy?
Hel /ames and she's Sue. she is they are she's they're No, I'm not. I'm from
They are sixteen years old. it is it's Mexico.
I am not I'm not Am I ... ? Yes, I am. No, I'm not.
you are not you aren't Are you ... ? Yes, you are. No, you aren't.
he is not he isn't { he ... ? Yes, he is. No, he isn't.
she is not she isn't Is she ... ? Yes, she is. No, she isn't.
it is not it isn't it ... ? Yes, it is. No, it isn't.
we are not we aren't { we ... ? Yes, we are. No, we aren't.
you are not you aren't Are you ... ? Ves, you are. No, you aren't.
they are not they aren't they ... 1 Yes, they are. No, they aren't.
• We do not repeat the whole question in short answers. We only use Yes or No, the subject
pronoun and the appropriate verb form.
• We use the long form of the verb to be in positive short answers.
Is he a student? Yes, he;j (NOT: Yes, Ri4.)
• We use the short form of the verb to be in negative short answers.
Are you from Fronce} No, I'm not.
2
1 Fill In 'm/am, 'sjis, 're/ore, as Complete the sentences with is, am or are.
In the example.
1 I 'm/am thirteen.
2 He ................ Russian. Dear Juanita,
3 They ................ sisters. How 1} .............. you? I 2) .............. fine. I like my new
school. The leachers 3} .............. very nice and the
4 She ................ from Greece.
Science teacher 4) .............. my favourite.
5 Ben and Paul ............. English.
My best friends 5) .............. Helen and Ann. Th~y
6 You ................ 18 years old.
6) .............. from England. They 7) .............. In
7 Sarah ............. my best friend.
the same class as me. My favourite school
S We ................ friends. subjects 8} .............. History and Art.
9 laura and Ann .............. twins. What about you? Please write soon.
10 He ................ Portuguese. Love,
11 It ............... a pink pencil case. Sarah
12 Jane ................ from london.
,",OOUl(1
6
-m
The verb 'to be'
3 Underline the correct form of the verb 6 Look at the pictures and the notes.
to be. Then complete the exchanges, as In
the example.
1 We isn't/aren't best friends.
2 Is/Are they from France?
3 "Is this your ruler?" "Yes, it's/is."
4 They're/'s in my class.
5 He's from Scotland. He isn't/aren't from
Lucy 13,
England.
Music, China
6 She are/is a teacher.
7 "Are you thirteen?" "Yes, I islam."
8 You is/are good at History. -
,
Michael 15,
"". I
SCience, America
4 Fill in with: are, is, '5, 're, 'm, aren't or
isn't.
1 Lucy: Where are you from, Michae/?
1 A: How old .............. your sisters? Michael: I am from America.
B: Mary ............ twelve and Linda ........... .
2 Lucy: . ................... A/ison from America?
nine. Michael: No, she ............... She ................ .
2 A: .............. he good at football? from Italy.
B: No, he ........... He .......... good at tennis. 3 Michael: .............. you fifteen, Alison?
3 A: Where ............ you from? Alison: No, I ....... / ........... fourteen.
B: I .......... from Brazil. I .......... Brazilian. 4 Alison: .............. you thirteen, Lucy?
4 A: What time .............. it? Lucy: Yes, I ............ ..
B: It .............. two o'clock. 5 Alison: What ....................... your favourite
school subject, Lucy?
5 A: .............. they from Australia?
Lucy: It .............. Music.
B: No, they ............... They .............. from
6 Michael: ................ Alison's favourite school
Germany.
subject Science?
6 A: Who .............. she?
Lucy: No, it ............ It .......... English.
B: She ........... Katie. She .......... my friend.
7
5 Put the words in order to make Match the questions to the answers.
sentences.
IT[] Are you good at History?
1 are/Australia/we/from
[ID Is today Saturday?
We are from Australia.
[IT] Are they from Scotland?
2 friends/are/best/my/they
................................................................ [iD Is Martin your brother?
3 a/are/student/you? ~ Is she a student at my school?
.................................................................
a Yes, she is. d No, it isn't.
4 old/she/twelve/years/is
b No, he isn't. e No, they aren't.
5 from/is/Portugal/he? c Yes, I am.
.................................................................
MODlJLE 1
7
~ The verb 'to be'
10
8 look at the pictures. Ask Look at the table. Then write the short answers.
and answer, as In the
example. 1 Is laurie fifteen years old?
2 Is Mark Canadian?
2
Name Age Nationality
3 Are Mark and Andrew Krista 15 English
sixteen years old?
laurie 17 Canadian
4 Is Krista Canadian? Andrew 16 American
Mark 16 French
5 Are Andrew and laurie
French?
/J
11 Complete the text. Use the correct form of the
1 A: Is it an apple? verb to be.
B: No, it iSfl'1. It's a banana.
2 A: ..................... they rulers?
B: No, ............................... . Hi Jeff,
This 1) I:) Dimitri. We 2) ......... best friends. He
........................... pencils.
3) ......... 13 and he 4} ......... from Russia. He
3 A: ...................... a student?
5) ......... good at badminton because it 6) ......... his
B: No, ............................... . favourite sport, but he 7) ......... good at basketball.
........................ a teacher. His favourite colour 8) ......... red. His favourite
4 A: ..................... your uncle? subjects 9) ......... Art and leT, bul he 10)
good at Maths. Who is your best friend?
B: No, ............................... .
Write soon .
.......................... my dad.
Bill
9 Write the questions for the
Speaking
answers, as In the example.
12
In pairs, ask each other questions. Ask about:
1 A: Are you French'
B: No, I'm not French. I'm
• age • nationality • favourite sport
Spanish.
• favourite colour • favourite subjects
2 A: ....................................... 7
A: Are k All r Ena!l5h 7
B: Yes, I am. I'm in year 8.
,
3 A: ....................................... B: No, 'TI not I m welve B: No I'm not. I'm
Spom h e'c
B: Yes, they are. They are
from Greece. Writing
4 A: ....................................... 7 13
Use your partner's answers to write a short text
B: Yes, I am. My brother is
about him/her. Use Ex. 11 as a model.
fourteen, too.
Prllll i~ C' :1. He's FT)m Sp[)I'1. 1; tavvuflte
~ODULll
8
~
Personal Subject/Object pronouns
She/her
I/me You/you
,
He/him
ft
~,
we/us)
always with a capital letter
-+
you • in the singular and plural for both forms
we he -+ for a man or a boy me us
you you she - + for a woman or a girl you you
him}
it • for an animal or a thing
he }
she they we -+ for people her them
it they - + for people, animals or things it
1
Look at the pictures and fill In the subject or object pronoun, as In the example.
1 look at it. It is a noteb'ook.
4 Look at ............ .
............ is French.
2 Look at ............ .
............ is a doctor.
Look at ............ .
............ is a football.
3 Look at ............ .
................ are
6 look at .............. .
dancers.
. ........... are balloons.
MODUUl
9
,i
~ Personal Subject/Object pronouns
2 s
Complete the sentences with object Complete the sentenc:es about you and
pronounJ. finish with an object pronoun.
1 Carl is a good footballer. look at ......... (he) 1 Mn Brown is my favourite teacher. I like
2 Give the pencil to .............• please. (I) her.
3 Play hockey with .............. (we) 2 ....................... is my favourite subject. I'm
4 Open the bag for ............. , please. (she) good at ............... .
5 Read the book to .............. (they) 3 ............... is my brother. Look at .............. .
4 ....................... is my favourite colour. I like
3 Replace the words In bold with a
subject or object pronoun, as In the 5 ....................... are my best friends. Look at
example.
1 My favourite colour is purple. 6 Complete the text. Use the c:orrec:t
like purple. subject and object pronouns.
2 How old is Maria?
•
3 Alan and Angela are friends.
. Donna I am 15 . 1) .. ...... .' m from the
4 This is julie. Julie and I are Myname 1s, ' m
SA 2) ......... am good at Music. 3) ......... S Y
friends. U . . ) m also good at Art and
favourite subject. 4 ......... a
5 Jenny and Claire are sisters. look . 6) .'m not good at
Science. I like 5) ..... ..... . ...... .
at Jenny and Claire. h My Art teacher is Mr Watson. 7) ........ ..
Geograp y. . M best friend IS
6 Look at Brian and me. We are . good teacher. I hke 8) .......... Y
twelve years old. ISS a an d ra . 9) .. ....... is 14. 10) ......... .IS g ood at ICT .
7 Look at James. James is from the What about you?
UK.
8 Alonso is from Italy. Alonso is Speaking
Italian.
7 Ask each other questions to fill in the
table.
4 Choose the correct subject or object
pronoun. Name
Country
1 This is my dog. It/I is black and white.
Favourite subject
2 This is lane. He/She is ten years old.
Favourite teacher
3 Paul is my best friend. I like he/him very
Best friend
much.
4 This is my school bag. They/It is red. Age
5 Pedro and Eduardo are here. Come and
Writing
meet him/them.
6 Look at Amanda and Mark. He/They are
8 Write a short paragraph about yourself.
twins.
Use Ex. 6 as a model.
7 Here is Joanne. She/We are best friends.
8 Look at him/her. He's my brother Esteban. and I am fram ...
MODULE 1
10
Exploring Grammar (Units 1-3)
• The verb 'to be'
1
Read the text and underline all the short forms of the verb to be. Then write the long forms.
My name's George and I'm from Greece. I'm nineteen
years old and I'm a student in London. My best friend is
Marco. He's twenty and he's from Greece, too. 1) Marco's
an athlete and he's very good. He's at the same college as
me. My sisters, 2) Tonla and Marla, are in London, but they
aren't at my college. Maria's sixteen and she's at school
and 3) Tonla's a Singer in a group. 4) My sisters and I are
good friends with Marco .
• A/ An - The
2, Fill in with is, isn't, are or aren't.
4 a) Look at the text and make true
Georg8 ................................ from london.
sentences.
2 Marco and George ...................... brothers.
Marco student
3 George ............................. Maria's brother.
Maria is a actor
4 Marco and George ...................... students.
George isn't an singer
5 Marco .......................... nineteen years old.
Tonia athlete
6 Maria and Tonia ...................... at the same
college as George.
b) Circle all the articles in the text.
When do we use a/ an and when do we
3 a) Answer the questions, as in the use the? Give more examples.
example.
5 Fill In with a, an or the.
1 Is Marco an athlete?
1 George is ............ student in London.
Yes, hE is.
2 ............ girl in ............ picture is Tonia.
2 Are Marco and George at college in Greece?
3 Is ............ cOllege in London?
..................................................................
4 Marco isn't ........ singer. He's ........ athlete .
3 Is Tonia at college?
• Personal pronouns
4 Are George and Marco best friends?
6 a) Look at the words in bold in the
text in Ex. 1. Replace them with the
5 Are Marco and Mafia singers in a group?
, appropriate personal pronoun.
6 Is Marco from Greece? 3
2 4 ...................... .
•
b) Which personal subject pronoun Is
b) When do we use long forms In
the same In the singular and the plural?
short answers?
MODULE 1
11
Revision (Units 1-3)
Circle the correct Item.
1 "Is he your dad?" 11 David Beckham is ...... English footballer.
"Yes, ...... is." A an B a C the
A it B she C he
12 "Are you a teacher?"
2 It's ...... schoolbag. "Yes, I ....... "
A 6 B a C an A 'm B are C am
3 "Are they students?" 13 What ...... your favourite colour?
"No, they ...... ," A am B is Care
A isn't B are C aren't
14 Is that ...... elephant?
4 ...... Paolo and Antonio brothers? A a B - C an
A Am 8 Are C Is
15 Look at Sarah and Sue. look at ...... .
5 Who are ...... ? A them B her C they
A him B them C they
16 This is a pencil case. . ..... pencil case is pink.
6 Where is ...... ? A The B A C An
A it B they C him
17 Sue and Bill are French ....... are from France.
7 This is ...... chair. A Them B They C We
A an B a C the
18 "Are you from Spain?"
8 "Are you from Canada?/I "Yes, ...... ."
liNo, I ...... A you are B they are C we are
,11
A isn't B 'm not C aren't
19 "Is she your sister?"
9 ...... they from Spain? "No, she ....... "
A Are B Is C Am A aren't B isn't C is
'0 look at ....... They are happy. 20 "Are we late?"
A them B they C it "No, ....... "
A we are 8 you are C you aren't
MODULE 1
12
-J
--~-~'"-'"-~~_.......TJ[!h~e~V~erb 'have got'
Has Mark got fmr lJair?
lane has got
No, he hasn't. He's got brown
a basketball.
hair.
We use the verb have got to:
a) show that something belongs to somebody.
b) describe the characteristics of people, Mrs Smith lIas
animals or things. got a daughter.
c) talk about relationships.
} } } }
have got 'ye got have not got haven't got
you you you you
he } he } he } he }
she has got she 's got she has not got she hasn't got
it it it it
we } we } we } we }
you have got you 'ye got you have not got you haven't got
they they they they
NOTE: In short answers
{ Yes, I I you / we / they have. we do not use got.
Have I / you I we I they got?
No, I / you I we / they haven't.
NOTE:
{ Yes, he I she / it has.
Has he I she / it got? He's a teacher. (He is)
No, he / she I it hasn't.
He's got a cat. (He has)
1
Look at the plc:tures and fill In have ('ve), haven't, has ('s) or hasn't got, as in the example.
1 Sarah has gaU's got short red hair. She hasn't got long brown hair.
2 Mark ........................ short hair and small brown eyes. He ........................ a beard.
3 Sue and Tom ........................ blue eyes. They
........................ brown eyes.
4 Tom ........................ very short hair. He
........................ brown eyes.
5 Kim and Sue ........................ short
hair. They ........................ long
hair.
6 Ben ...................... fair hair. He
..................... brown hair. He
..................... a moustache.