Sovereignty Experiments: Korean Migrants and the Building of Borders in Northeast Asia, 1860–1945 PDF
Preview Sovereignty Experiments: Korean Migrants and the Building of Borders in Northeast Asia, 1860–1945
SOVEREIGNTY EXPERIMENTS Studies of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University The Studies of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute of Columbia University were inaugurated in 1962 to bring to a wider public the results of significant new research on modern and contemporary East Asia. SOVEREIGNTY EXPERIMENTS Korean Migrants and the Building of Borders in Northeast Asia, 1860–1945 Alyssa M. Park CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS ITHACA AND LONDON Copyright © 2019 by Cornell University Cornell University Press gratefully acknowledges receipt of a subvention from the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at the University of Iowa, which assisted in the publication of this book. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. Visit our website at cornellpress.cornell.edu. First published 2019 by Cornell University Press Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Park, Alyssa M., author. Title: Sovereignty experiments : Korean migrants and the building of borders in northeast Asia, 1860–1945 / Alyssa M. Park. Description: Ithaca [New York] : Cornell University Press, 2019. | Series: Studies of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018060436 (print) | LCCN 2019001070 (ebook) | ISBN 9781501738371 (e-book pdf) | ISBN 9781501738388 (e-book epub/mobi) | ISBN 9781501738364 (hardcover ; alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Koreans—East Asia—History. | Koreans—Russia (Federation)— Russian Far East—History. | Korea—Emigration and immigration— History. | East Asia—Emigration and immigration—History. | Russian Far East (Russia)—Emigration and immigration—History. | Borderlands—East Asia—History. | Borderlands—Korea—History. | Borderlands—Russia (Federation)—Russian Far East—History. Classification: LCC DS904.7 (ebook) | LCC DS904.7 .P37 2019 (print) | DDC 305.8957/0509041—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018060436 Cover photograph: Semenovskii market, Vladivostok, 1918–22. Courtesy of the Arsen’ev State Museum of the Primorskii region. For my parents Contents List of Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi List of Abbreviations xiii Note on Places and Terms xv Introduction 1 Part I ACROSS THE TUMEN VALLEY 1. Borderland and Prohibited Zone 23 2. People and Place: Jurisdiction and Borders, 1860–1888 42 3. Contested Border: Multiple Sovereignties, Multiple Citizenships in Manchuria 74 4. Civilizational Border: Subjects, Aliens, and Illegality in the Russian Far East 110 Part II ACROSS THE TUMEN NORTH BANK: IN RUSSIA 5. Transforming Ussuri: Migration and Settlement 153 6. Transnational World of the Korean Settlement 183 7. Making Them One of Us 208 Epilogue: Denouement of Borders 237 Glossary 249 Note on Sources 251 Selected Bibliography 253 Index 271 Illustrations Maps 1. Northeast Asia xix 2. Tumen valley xx 3. Choso˘n-Qing border region 25 4. Subjecthood status of Koreans in South Ussuri, 1906–7 123 5. Settlements in South Ussuri by ethnic designation, late nineteenth century 163 Figures 1. Korean gold miners in Lena mining district 179 2. Market on wharf of Vladivostok 199 3. Semenovskii market 200 4. Central location at the corner of Svetlanskii and Kitaiskii Streets 200 5. Boats docked in Amur Bay 205 6. Classroom in an Orthodox Christian church-school 213 Tables 1. Population of South Ussuri by ethnic designation 160 2a. Demographics of South Ussuri: countryside (settlements) vs. cities 169 2b. Demographics of South Ussuri by percentage: countryside (settlements) 169 3. Number of workers in gold and platinum mines in the Russian Far East 171 4. Population of Koreans in Vladivostok okrug by raion , 1929 181 ix
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