SFML Game Development By Example

523 Pages·2016·3.206 MB·English

by  Raimondas Pupius

SFML Game Development
By Example
Create and develop exciting games from start to finish
using SFML
Raimondas Pupius
BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI
SFML Game Development By Example
Copyright © 2015 Packt Publishing
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First published: December 2015
Production reference: 1181215
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.
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ISBN 978-1-78528-734-3
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Credits
Author Project Coordinator
Raimondas Pupius Sanjeet Rao
Reviewers Proofreader
Tom Ivanyo Safis Editing
Vittorio Romeo
Richa Sachdeva Indexer
Priya Sane
Commissioning Editor
Dipika Gaonkar Graphics
Kirk D'Penha
Acquisition Editors
Prachi Bisht Production Coordinator
Aparna Bhagat
Usha Iyer
Cover Work
Content Development Editor
Aparna Bhagat
Mamata Walker
Technical Editor
Pramod Kumavat
Copy Editors
Ting Baker
Kevin McGowan
About the Author
Raimondas Pupius is a game development enthusiast from Lithuania. He is
currently working towards getting a degree in software engineering as well as
working on a few projects of his own. Starting his unofficial education in this field at
the age of 9, and having been introduced to video games even prior to that, helped
narrow down his decision regarding a career choice. His ultimate dream is, of course,
starting his own company and creating professional games for a living. "It beats my
previous choice of being a plumber when I was four years old!" he says jokingly.
His other interests include web development, which was his primary interest before
game development, music, and linguistics.
First, I would like to express my deepest thanks to Usha Iyer for
offering me the opportunity to write this book and bringing me on
board. In addition to that, I would like to thank Prachi Bisht, Mamata
Walkar, and Pramod Kumavat for being great to work with and
handling the production duties.
Lastly, I would like to thank my mom, grandmother, my beautiful
wife, as well as her entire family for showing me endless love and
support throughout this entire ordeal. I wouldn't be where I am
today without your kindness, understanding, and patience during
my late-night binge writing. This book is dedicated to you!
About the Reviewers
Tom Ivanyo is an aspiring game and software developer. After learning Visual
Basic, he picked up several other languages, from Assembly to C#. Currently, he is
working as a software developer and spending his free time creating games along
with his friend, Doug Madden. Together, they started their small gaming studio
named S2D Games (http://s2dgames.com).
Vittorio Romeo is a computer science student at the University of Messina and a
C++ enthusiast. Since childhood, he has been interested in computers, gaming, and
programming. He learned to develop games and applications as an autodidact at a
very young age. He started with the VB/C# and the .NET environment, and moved
on to C++ and native cross-platform programming. He works on his open source
general-purpose C++14 libraries in his spare time and develops open source free
games using SFML2. The evolution of C++ is something that greatly interests him.
He has also spoken about game development with the latest standard features at
CppCon 2014.
Richa Sachdeva is an avid programmer. She believes in designing games that
are high on educational content as well as entertainment and is giving her two
cents towards creating and exploring different dimensions in the field of game
programming. She is a physics graduate who somewhere along the line found her
true calling in computers and has ever since been amazed by this strange pixilated
world. When not thinking about games or deciding on which movie to watch, she
finds solace in writing.
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Table of Contents
Preface ix
Chapter 1: It's Alive! It's Alive! – Setup and First Program 1
What is SFML? 2
SFML licensing 4
Resources and installation 4
Setting up a Microsoft Visual Studio project 5
Opening a window 5
Basics of SFML drawing 9
Drawing images in SFML 11
What is a sprite? 12
Common mistakes 15
Summary 17
Chapter 2: Give It Some Structure – Building the Game
Framework 19
Graduating to ravioli 20
Implementing the window class 21
Building the game class 24
Putting our code to work 25
Hardware and execution time 27
Controlling the frame-rate 29
Using the SFML clock 29
Fixed time-step 32
Common mistakes 33
Summary 35
[ i ]
Table of Contents
Chapter 3: Get Your Hands Dirty – What You Need to Know 37
Introducing snake 38
Game design decisions 39
Implementing the snake structure 40
The snake class 41
The World class 49
Time to integrate 53
Hunting bugs 56
Fixing bugs 57
Going the extra mile 59
Common mistakes 63
Summary 65
Chapter 4: Grab That Joystick – Input and Event Management 67
Retrieving peripheral input 68
Checking for mouse input 68
Plug in your controller 69
Understanding the sf::Event 71
Introducing the event manager 73
Standard function wrapper 78
Building the event manager 78
Implementing the event manager 80
Integrating the EventManager class 86
Moving a sprite revisited 88
Principles of use 90
Common mistakes 90
Summary 91
Chapter 5: Can I Pause This? – Application States 93
What is a state? 94
The most simplistic approach 94
Introducing the state pattern 96
Defining common types 97
The state manager class 98
Defining the state manager class 99
Implementing the state manager 100
Improving the Event Manager class 106
Incorporating the state manager 109
Creating the intro state 110
Implementing the intro state 111
The main menu state 115
A sample game state 119
[ ii ]
Table of Contents
The means to pause 121
Common mistakes 124
Summary 124
Chapter 6: Set It in Motion! – Animating and Moving around
Your World 125
Use of copyrighted resources 126
Finding and using the current directory 126
Using the SFML views 128
Preparing application states for views 130
Automated resource management 133
Designing a resource manager 133
Implementing the texture manager 138
Introducing sprite sheets 139
Implementing a sprite sheet class 140
The base animation class 144
Implementing the base animation class 145
Directional animation 148
Loading the sprite sheet files 150
Summary 152
Chapter 7: Rediscovering Fire – Common Game Design
Elements 153
The game map 154
What is a tile? 155
Building the game world 156
The flyweight pattern 156
Designing the map class 158
The parent of all world objects 166
Creating the base entity class 166
Collisions and bounding boxes 168
Implementing the base entity class 170
Entity-on-tile collisions 174
Entity storage and management 180
Implementing the entity manager 181
Using entities to build characters 188
Implementing the character class 189
Creating the player 195
Adding enemies 197
Loading entities from the map file 200
[ iii ]