ebook img

Scotland and the French Revolutionary War, 1792-1802 PDF

243 Pages·2015·1.019 MB·English
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview Scotland and the French Revolutionary War, 1792-1802

S c o t t iS h h i S t o r i c a l r e v i e w M o n o g r a p h S c o t t iS h h i S t o r i c a l r e v i e w M o n o g r a p h RS Gender and Enlightenment Culture in Eighteenth-Century ec Scotland vo Scotland offers a ground-breaking study of Scottish otl Enlightenment culture and a welcome treatment of gender la un in this popular area of scholarship. Combining intellectual td and the French i o and cultural history, this book explores how men and na n women experienced the Scottish Enlightenment. It examines ad r Scotland in a European context, investigating ideologies y t Revolutionary War, h W of gender and the cultural practices of the urban elite in e the 18th century. ar F ,r e 1792–1802 1 n 7 Rosalind Carr provides an in-depth analysis of men’s 9c 2h construction and performance of masculinity in spaces such – 1 as intellectual clubs and taverns, and through the violent 8 ritual of the duel. Women are important actors in this story 0 2 too: the book presents an analysis of women’s important contribution to Scottish Enlightenment culture, and it asks why there were no Scottish Bluestockings. Rosalind Carr is Lecturer in History at the University of East London. She has published articles on women and early modern Scottish political history, and on Scottish masculinities. A t l e L . W o l d E d i n b Cover image: Military Promenade, John Kay u r details tbc g Atle L. Wold h Cover design: Cathy Sprent SCOTLAND AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY WAR, 1792–1802 SCOTTISH HISTORICAL REVIEW MONOGRAPHS SERIES No. 24 Scottish Historical Review Monographs are major works of scholarly research covering all aspects of Scottish history. They are selected and sponsored by the Scottish Historical Review Trust Editorial Board. The Trustees of the SHR Trust are: Dr Alex Woolf (Convenor); Dr Alison Cathcart (Secretary); Dr E. V. Macleod (Minutes Secretary); Dr Catriona M. M. Macdonald; Dr David Ditchburn; Mrs Patricia Whatley; Dr Karly Kehoe; Dr Jackson Armstrong; Dr Martin Macgregor; Mr Brian Smith; Dr James E. Fraser; Dr Andrew Mackillop. CURRENT AND FORTHCOMING VOLUMES 1 Helen M. Dingwall Physicians, Surgeons and Apothecaries: Medicine in Seventeenth-Century Edinburgh 2 Ewen A. Cameron Land for the People? The British Government and the Scottish Highlands, c. 1880–1923 3 Richard Anthony Herds and Hinds: Farm Labour in Lowland Scotland, 1900–1939 4 R. Andrew McDonald The Kingdom of the Isles: Scotland’s Western Seaboard, c. 1100–1336 5 John R. McIntosh Church and Theology in Enlightenment Scotland: The Evangelical Party, 1740–1800 6 Graeme Morton Unionist-Nationalism: Governing Urban Scotland, 1830–1860 7 Catriona M. M. Macdonald The Radical Thread: Political Change in Scotland. Paisley Politics, 1885–1924 8 James L. MacLeod The Second Disruption: The Free Church in Victorian Scotland and the Origins of the Free Presbyterian Church 9 John Finlay Men of Law in Pre-Reformation Scotland 10 William Kenefick ‘Rebellious and Contrary’: The Glasgow Dockers, c. 1853–1932 11 J. J. Smyth Labour in Glasgow, 1896–1936, Socialism, Suffrage, Sectarianism 12 Roland Tanner The Late Medieval Scottish Parliament: Politics and the Three Estates, 1424–1488 13 Ginny Gardner ‘Shaken Together in the Bag of Affliction’: Scottish Exiles in the Netherlands, 1660–1690 14 Allan W. MacColl Land, Faith and the Crofting Community: Christianity and Social Criticism in the Highlands of Scotland, 1843–1893 15 Andrew G. Newby Ireland, Radicalism and the Scottish Highlands, c. 1870–1912 16 Karen J. Cullen Famine in Scotland: The ‘Ill Years’ of the 1690s 17 Annemarie Hughes Gender and Political Identities in Scotland, 1919–1939 18 Annie Tindley The Sutherland Estate, 1850–1920: Aristocratic Decline, Estate Management and Land Reform 19 Tanja Bueltmann Scottish Ethnicity and the Making of New Zealand Society, 1850–1930 20 Edda Frankot ‘Of Laws of Ships and Shipmen’: Medieval Maritime Law and its Practice in Urban Northern Europe 21 Kyle Hughes The Scots in Victorian and Edwardian Belfast: A Study in Elite Migration 22 Rosalind Carr Gender and Enlightenment Culture in Eighteenth-Century Scotland 23 Brian Bonnyman The Third Duke of Buccleuch and Adam Smith: Estate Management and Improvement in Enlightenment Scotland 24 Atle L. Wold Scotland and the French Revolutionary War, 1792–1802 www.euppublishing.com /series /shrm SCOTLAND AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY WAR, 1792–1802 ATLE L. WOLD © Atle L. Wold, 2015 Edinburgh University Press Ltd The Tun – Holyrood Road 12 (2f) Jackson’s Entry Edinburgh EH8 8PJ www.euppublishing.com Typeset in 10 /12 ITC New Baskerville by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire, and printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon CR0 4YY A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 1 4744 0331 3 (hardback) ISBN 978 1 4744 0332 0 (webready PDF) ISBN 978 1 4744 0668 0 (epub PDF) The right of Atle L. Wold to be identified as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (SI No. 2498). Funding to cover the indexing costs of this book was kindly granted by the Research Committee at the Department of Literature, Area Studies and European Languages, University of Oslo. Contents List of Tables vi Acknowledgements vii Introduction 1 1 The Government of Scotland in the 1790s 7 2 Political Trials 38 3 Military Recruitment 70 4 Financial Contributions 110 5 Demonstrations of Loyalty 131 6 Loyalist Ideology 177 Conclusion 207 Bibliography 214 Index 228 Tables 3.1 Age groups in the Edinburgh Militia 105 3.2 Professions in the Edinburgh Militia 106 4.1 British Customs and Excise revenues, 1791–7 125 4.2 The Scottish percentage of the British total 125 4.3 Proportion of revenues which was not submitted to the Treasury 126 Acknowledgements This book is based on my Edinburgh Ph.D. from 2003, and in the some- what long-winded process it has been to convert the thesis into a book, a number of people have been of great help and assistance. I am particularly indebted to Professor Christopher Whatley for alerting my attention to the Atholl Papers held at Blair Castle, and to the Blair Castle Trust and their archivist Jane Anderson for giving me access to the collection. I should also like to register my appreciation to the Duke of Buccleuch for granting access to the family archive held by the National Archives of Scotland in Edinburgh, as well as to all the members of staff at the libraries and archives whose material I consulted while doing research for the Ph.D., and later. My thanks thus go to the Bank of Scotland Archives, the British Library, the Edinburgh Central Library, the Edinburgh University Special Collections, the National Library of Scotland, and, as already mentioned, NAS. Over the years, many people have commented on the Ph.D. itself, or on aspects of it which I have presented in papers or in other contexts. This feedback has been invaluable in terms of refining a number of the argu- ments presented in the thesis, as well as developing new ones. The ques- tion of how one should assess demonstrations of loyalty is one of the most important in this respect, and I would therefore like to thank all those who have provided commentary on this, or on other themes covered in the book. I should further like to express my gratitude to my two supervisors for the Ph.D., Professor Harry Dickinson and Dr Alexander Murdoch, for their superb guidance during the work with the thesis and later assistance with the book, as well as to Professor John W. Cairns whose help in my early efforts to grapple with the political trials of 1793–4 led to a lasting interest in the historical developments of Scots law. Last, but not least, I am grateful to Dr Andrew Mackillop and the Scottish Historical Review Trust for accepting my book for publication as a part of their monograph series. Introduction One day in January 1794, a member of the reformist society of the ‘Friends of the People’ had stopped by a pub on his way home, and while there, had asked the landlady if she knew of any interesting news having passed that day. The landlady – who was well acquainted with the political affiliations of the gentleman – replied that she had one piece of news which she thought it would please him to hear. This, she stated, was that a group of the Friends of the People, numbering perhaps as many as a thousand, had stopped by the house earlier in the day on their way south. Excited by the news, the gentleman ran off southwards, stopping only after four or five miles at a turnpike gate to ask the keeper if he had seen the band, but the keeper could assure him that he had not met with such a group at any time during the day. Both men were bewildered by the whole affair, but after discussing the matter for some time, they realised that the Friends of the People in question had, in fact, been a ‘cart load of fresh herrings’. This story, true or not, was reported by the pro-government newspaper the Caledonian Mercury on 18 January, 1794. While referring to an individual incident, of arguably no particularly significance for the great events and developments of the final decade of the eighteenth century, it none the less gives us an invaluable glimpse into Scottish society at the time, and through that also into the great issues which were at stake back then: the omnipresence of politics relat- ing to reform of the political system in Britain, and the influence of revolutionary ideas from France; the sharp division between so-called radicals and loyalists in the political debates of the time; and the – by 1794 – backdrop of the war against Revolutionary France, and the hard- ships which came with it. This was a time when politics and questions of political ideology permeated Scottish society to an extent that they perhaps had never done before. All this is, however, well known from the existing literature on Scotland in the 1790s, which began with Henry Meikle’s seminal work Scotland and the French Revolution from 1912, so what is the need for another book on the decade now? Two main reasons seem to stand out. Much of the considerable work which has been done on Scotland in the 1790s since Meikle has been focussed on individual issues or aspects of Scottish society such as popular disturbances, mili- tary recruitment, or the prosecution of political radicals before the law courts. What is missing is a work taking a more comprehensive approach. The other reason is that radicalism has traditionally attracted greater

See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.