Description:This monograph presents the results of over 10 years of survey and excavation work collecting fossils from the Baynunah Formation of western Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates. The Baynunah fossils provide the only record of environment and evolution of terrestrial animals from the late Miocene (12-5 Ma) epoch from the entire Arabian Peninsula. The monograph primarily describes new fossil collections systematically by taxon, including mammals, reptiles, and invertebrates, framing these within the context of results from new geological and geochemical analysis. Vertebrate paleontologists, paleoanthropologists, and natural history enthusiasts will discover new scientific findings of ostracod, fish, aves, carnivora, hippopotamidae and equidae fossils. Contributors to the monograph are specialists who have over the last years dedicated time to studying the new Baynunah fossil collections.