Roma in Europe: The Politics of Collective Identity Formation PDF
Preview Roma in Europe: The Politics of Collective Identity Formation
ROMA IN EUROPE This page has been left blank intentionally Roma in Europe The Politics of Collective Identity Formation IOANA BUNESCU Malmö University, Sweden First published 2014 by Ashgate Publishing Published 2016 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Copyright © Ioana Bunescu 2014 Ioana Bunescu has asserted her right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the author of this work. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library The Library of Congress has cataloged the printed edition as follows: Bunescu, Ioana. Roma in Europe : the politics of collective identity formation / by Ioana Bunescu. pages cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4724-2058-9 (hardback : alkaline paper) — ISBN 978-1-4724-2059-6 (e-book) — ISBN 978-1-4724-2060-2 (e-pub) 1. Romanies—Europe, Eastern—Politics and government. 2. Romanies—Europe, Eastern—Ethnic identity. 3. Romanies—Europe, Eastern—History. 4. Political participation—Europe, Eastern. 5. Europe, Eastern—Ethnic relations. I. Title. DX210.B86 2014 305.8914’9704—dc23 2014003009 ISBN 9781472420589 (hbk) ISBN 9781315606811 (ebk) Contents List of Figures and Tables vii List of Abbreviations ix Acknowledgements xi Introduction 1 1 The Roma People 13 2 The Roma in a Multiethnic Locality in Transylvania 27 3 EU Accession Conditionality as an Opportunity Context for Roma Political Representation in Europe 39 4 The EU Enlargement and the Political Representation of Roma in Romania 47 5 The International Roma Political Activists and their Role in the Crystallization of Roma Collective Identity 61 6 The Roma Kings between International, State-National and Local Legitimization. The Case of Romanian Roma Kings 117 7 The International Roma Festival in Costesti/Romania 161 Conclusion 193 Bibliography 197 Index 211 This page has been left blank intentionally List of Figures and Tables Figures 6.1 The emblem of the Royal House of Roma 128 6.2 King Tortica’s residence (the Brass Palace) in September 2004 138 6.3 Main kitchen in the Brass Palace 139 6.4 Backyard kitchen of the Brass Palace 140 6.5 Main wall of the guest room in the Brass Palace 141 6.6 Part of the left wall in the guest room of the Brass Palace 142 6.7 Middle part of the left wall in the guest room of the Brass Palace 143 6.8 Main part of the left wall of the guest room of the Brass Palace 145 6.9 The door in the right wall of the guest room at the Brass Palace 146 6.10 King Tortica with the crown, the holy crucifix and the flags of Romania and European Union 150 6.11 King Tortica with his granddaughter in the Christian Orthodox corner of the guest room 151 7.1 Roma children waking up for the fair after a night sleeping in the field 164 7.2 Roma merchants preparing for the fare after a night sleeping in the field 164 7.3 Roma family that travelled and slept in horse carriage 165 7.4 The author welcomed to warm up at this Roma family’s morning fire 165 7.5 (a) and (b) Wealthy Kalderash Roma preparing for the feast 166 7.6 (a) and (b) Romanian merchants at the site of the Roma festival 167 7.7 French Roma photographer 168 7.8 Norwegian Roma artist, Romanian researcher and German journalist 168 7.9 (a) and (b) King Cioaba’s tent halfway up the hill 181 7.10 (a) and (b) The Roma occupying the area between the fair and the hill 182 7.11 Roma women burning some of their merchandise 183 7.12 Roma child merchant waking up after a night sleeping in the field 183 7.13 (a) and (b) The ethnically mixed left side of the fair 184 7.14 Roma family from Valcea that hosted the author at their table 186 7.15 Roma man proudly displaying golden teeth 187 7.16 Roma boys promised as grooms displaying golden jewelry 187 7.17 Roma women with long skirts 190 viii Roma in Europe Tables 5.1 The Legal Situation of Roma in Europe 65 5.2 Symbolic and Legal Agencies of the Roma 115 List of Abbreviations CoE Council of Europe CCGSR Central Council for German and Sinti Roma CEE Central-Eastern Europe CPRSI Contact Point for Roma and Sinti Issues ECHR European Court of Human Rights ECJ European Court of Justice EU European Union ERRC European Roma Rights Center ERTF European Roma and Travellers Forum FCNM Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities IRU International Romani Union NIS New Independent States NGO Non-governmental Organization ODIHR Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights OSCE Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe OSI Open Society Institute PER Project of Ethnic Relations RNC Roma National Congress RPP Roma Participation Program SEE South-East Europe
The list of books you might like
