ROGERS’ HANDBOOK OF PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE FIFTH EDITION 2 3 Acquisitions Editor: Keith Donellan Development Editor: Franny Murphy Marketing Manager: Dan Dressler Production Project Manager: Bridgett Dougherty Design Coordinator: Teresa Mallon Manufacturing Coordinator: Beth Welsh Prepress Vendor: S4Carlisle Publishing Services 5th edition Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer. Copyright © 2009 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business. Copyright © 1999, 1995, 1989 by Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Wolters Kluwer at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at [email protected], or via our website at lww.com (products and services). 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in China Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Morrison, Wynne, editor. | McMillan, Kristen Nelson, 1970– editor. | Shaffner, Donald H., editor. Title: Rogers’ handbook of pediatric intensive care / [edited by] Wynne Morrison, Kristen Nelson McMillan, and Donald H. Shaffner McMillan. Other titles: Handbook of pediatric intensive care | Digest of (expression): Rogers’ textbook of pediatric intensive care. 5th ed. Description: Fifth edition. | Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, [2017] | Digest of: Rogers’ textbook of pediatric intensive care / editors, David G. Nichols and Donald H. Shaffner; section editors, Andrew C. Argent [and 25 others]. Fifth edition. 2016. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016029105 | eISBN 9781496347558 Subjects: | MESH: Critical Care | Infant | Child | Emergencies | Handbooks Classification: LCC RJ370 | NLM WS 39 | DDC 618.92/0028—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016029105 This work is provided “as is,” and the publisher disclaims any and all warranties, express or implied, including any warranties as to accuracy, comprehensiveness, or currency of the content of this work. This work is no substitute for individual patient assessment based on healthcare professionals’ examination of each patient and consideration of, among other things, age, weight, gender, current or prior medical conditions, medication history, laboratory data, and other factors unique to the patient. 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When prescribing medication, healthcare professionals are advised to consult the product information sheet (the manufacturer’s package insert) accompanying each drug to verify, among other 4 things, conditions of use, warnings, and side effects and to identify any changes in dosage schedule or contraindications, particularly if the medication to be administered is new, infrequently used, or has a narrow therapeutic range. To the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, no responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property, as a matter of products liability, negligence law or otherwise, or from any reference to or use by any person of this work. LWW.com 5 ■ CONTRIBUTORS Nicholas S. Abend, MD Assistant Professor Department of Neurology and Pediatrics The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Mateo Aboy, PhD Professor Department of Electronics Engineering and Technology Oregon Institute of Technology Portland, Oregon Iki Adachi, MD Associate Surgeon Congenital Heart Surgery Co-Director, Mechanical Support Texas Children’s Hospital Assistant Professor Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery and Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas P. David Adelson, MD, FACS, FAAP Director Diane and Bruce Halle Endowed Chair in Pediatric Neurosciences Chief Pediatric Neurosurgery Barrow Neurological Institute Phoenix Children’s Hospital Professor and Chief Neurological Surgery Department of Child Health University of Arizona College of Medicine Adjunct Professor Ira A. Fulton School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering Arizona State University Phoenix, Arizona Rachel S. Agbeko, FRCPCH, PhD Consultant Paediatric Intensivist Great North Children’s Hospital Royal Victoria Infirmary London, United Kingdom Jeffrey B. Anderson, MD Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics Chief Quality Officer 6 The Heart Center Division of Pediatric Cardiology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, Ohio Linda Aponte-Patel, MD, FAAP Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics Columbia University Medical Center Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Department of Pediatrics Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York, New York John H. Arnold, MD Professor Department of Anesthesia (Pediatrics) Harvard Medical School Senior Associate Anesthesia and Critical Care Medical Director Respiratory Care/ECMO Children’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Stephen Ashwal, MD Distinguished Professor Department of Pediatrics Loma Linda University School of Medicine Attending Physician Division of Child Neurology Department of Pediatrics Loma Linda Children’s Hospital Loma Linda, California Swapnil S. Bagade, MD Fellow Mallinkrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University Fellow Department of Pediatric Radiology St. Louis Children’s Hospital St. Louis, Missouri John S. Baird, MS, MD Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics Columbia University Medical Center Columbia University New York, New York Adnan M. Bakar, MD Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics Section Head Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Cohen Children’s Medical Center of New York 7 New Hyde Park, New York Kenneth J. Banasiak, MD, MS Pediatrician Division of Pediatric Critical Care Connecticut Children’s Medical Center Hartford, Connecticut Arun Bansal, MD, MRCPCH, MAMS Additional Professor Department of Pediatrics Advance Pediatric Centre Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh, India Aarti Bavare, MD, MPH Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas Hülya Bayir, MD Professor Department of Critical Care Medicine Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Director of Research Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Associate Director Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health Safar Center for Resuscitation Research University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Michael J. Bell, MD Professor Critical Care Medicine Neurological Surgery and Pediatrics Director Pediatric Neurotrauma Center Pediatric Neurocritical Care Associate Director Safar Center for Resuscitation Research University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Kimberly S. Bennett, MD, MPH Associate Professor Pediatric Critical Care University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora, Colorado Robert A. Berg, MD, FAAP, FCCM, FAHA Russell Raphaely Endowed Chair Division Chief Critical Care Medicine The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Professor of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine 8 Professor of Pediatrics Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Rachel P. Berger, MD, MPH Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics Associate Director Safar Center for Resuscitation Research University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Division Chief Child Advocacy Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Monica Bhatia, MD Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics Director Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation Program Columbia University Medical Center New York, New York Katherine V. Biagas, MD Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics Columbia University Medical Center New York, New York Michael T. Bigham, MD, FAAP, FCCM Medical Director of Critical Care Transport Assistant Director of Patient Safety Division of Pediatric Critical Care Akron Children’s Hospital Associate Professor of Pediatrics Northeast Ohio Medical University Akron, Ohio Clifford W. Bogue, MD Professor and Interim Chair Department of Pediatrics Yale School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut Desmond Bohn, MB, FRCPC Professor Department of Anesthesia and Pediatrics University of Toronto Chief Department of Critical Care Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto, Canada Christopher P. Bonafide, MD, MSCE Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics 9 Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Division of General Pediatrics The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Geoffrey J. Bond, MBBS Assistant Professor Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh Pediatric Transplant Surgery/Pediatric General Thoracic Surgery Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh at UPMC Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Rebecca Hulett Bowling, MD Assistant Professor Mallinkrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University Staff Radiologist Department of Pediatric Radiology St. Louis Children’s Hospital St. Louis, Missouri Kenneth M. Brady, MD Associate Professor Departments of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics Texas Children’s Hospital Houston, Texas Patrick W. Brady, MD, MSc Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Attending Physician Division of Hospital Medicine Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, Ohio Richard J. Brilli, MD, FAAP, FCCM Professor Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine The Ohio State University College of Medicine Chief Medical Officer Nationwide Children’s Hospital Columbus, Ohio Ronald A. Bronicki, MD Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Associate Medical Director Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Department of Pediatrics Texas Children’s Hospital Houston, Texas 10
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