Redox-Mediated Signal Transduction: Methods and Protocols

201 Pages·2019·4.397 MB·English

by  John T. Hancock, Myra E. Conway

Methods in
Molecular Biology 1990
John T. Hancock
Myra E. Conway Editors
Redox-
Mediated Signal
Transduction
Methods and Protocols
Second Edition
M M B
ETHODS IN OLECULAR IO LO GY
SeriesEditor
JohnM.Walker
School of Lifeand MedicalSciences
University ofHertfordshire
Hatfield, Hertfordshire,AL109AB,UK
Forfurther volumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/7651
Redox-Mediated Signal
Transduction
Methods and Protocols
Second Edition
Edited by
John T. Hancock and Myra E. Conway
Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
Editors
JohnT.Hancock MyraE.Conway
DepartmentofAppliedSciences DepartmentofAppliedSciences
UniversityoftheWestofEngland UniversityoftheWestofEngland
Bristol,UK Bristol,UK
ISSN1064-3745 ISSN1940-6029 (electronic)
MethodsinMolecularBiology
ISBN978-1-4939-9461-8 ISBN978-1-4939-9463-2 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9463-2
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Cover Caption: Knockdown of the redox-active BCAT protein results in increased nuclear localization of MAPK in
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Preface
Cellular redox reactions are fundamentally important to bioenergetics, signalling, and
overallhomeostasis,yettheir assessment,particularly incells,can bechallenging.Over the
lastdecade,therehasbeenadrivetodevelopmoresophisticated,sensitiveprobestobetter
characterize redox modifications. This book is excellent for those who are not just new to
theredoxfieldbutalsoforredoxexpertsthataimtoextendtheirresearchintonewareasor
new systems. The importance of developing new methods to measure redox biology is
highlighted in the opening chapter, where its role in signal transduction is defined. This
chaptercoversthemainredoxcomponentsinanimalandplantcellswithafocusontherole
ofreactiveoxygenspecies(ROS),reactivenitrogenspecies(RNS),andhydrogensulfidein
cell signalling. This is coupled with the all-important reducing systems: thioredoxin and
glutaredoxin together with the peroxiredoxins, which operate in a fine-tuned response to
mainhomeostasis.
Thescopeofthebookispurposelybroadtocoverawideapplicationofredoxmethods,
protocols, and applications. The book first introduces the importance of working with
redox compounds, in particular the delivery of these reagents. This chapter is an excellent
starting point for those new in the field and gives valuable insight into the technical
limitations of each redox compound. The advantages and disadvantages of each method
arediscussedwithnotestoguidetheuseronthetoxicityofgasessuchasH S.Eachchapter
2
buildsonthesecompoundswherewegaininsightintothemeasurementofthesemodifica-
tions using flow cytometry, ELISA assays, and Western blot analysis (using antibodies
specific to 4-hydroxynonenal, S-nitrosation, and S-glutathionylation). These chapters
lead nicely to recently developed probes such as the genetically encoded fluorescent
probe HyPer, which has been used extensively by experts in the field. The book moves
from specific protein modifications to measurement of oxidative stress in mitochondria
andbiologicalsystems.Here,theimportanceofelectronparamagneticresonancespectros-
copy is highlighted with a step-by-step explanation of experimental design. The detection
of NO in plants is also discussed along with the challenges faced when working under
hypoxic conditions. We finish the book with several chapters highlighting the broader
application of these techniques, which spans from assessment of low-dose-rate ionizing
radiation on redox potential to drug target identification, plant cell cycle relationships,
and targeting metabolic proteomic partners, where redox active thiols are important to
their function. Together these book chapters offer an exciting overview of the scope of
cellular redoxanalysisandtheimportanceofnotbeinglimitedbytechnology—newmeth-
odsandapplicationsarealwaysemerging.
We would like to take this opportunity to sincerely thank all the authors for their
contribution to this book. These authors are among leaders in their field that have con-
tributed significantly to the assessment of redox cellular biology interactions. Their vision
andexpertisehavecontributedtosignificantadvancesinourunderstandingofcellsignalling
andnodoubtwithmoretocome.Weareatthebeginningofaveryexcitingchapterofredox
v
vi Preface
biology. With the continued commitment to developing new and novel measurements of
redox biology, we will be able to fully appreciate the extent and importance of these
signallingsystemsinregulatingcellular function,inparticular withrespecttodisease.
Finally, we would like to thank the series editor, John Walker, for asking us to edit
thisbook.
Bristol,UK JohnT.Hancock
MyraE.Conway
Contents
Preface ..................................................................... v
Contributors................................................................. ix
1 TheRoleofRedoxinSignalTransduction................................. 1
JohnT.Hancock
2 Methodsfor theAdditionofRedoxCompounds ........................... 13
JohnT.Hancock
3 InvestigatingROS,RNS,andH S-SensitiveSignalingProteins............... 27
2
EleanorWilliams,MatthewWhiteman,MarkE.Wood,
IanD.Wilson,MichaelR.Ladomery,JoelAllainguillaume,
TihanaTeklic,Miro Lisjak,andJohnT.Hancock
4 Measurementof4-Hydroxynonenal(4-HNE)ProteinAdducts
byELISA .............................................................. 43
KoshaMehtaandVinoodB.Patel
5 UsingFlowCytometrytoDetectandMeasureIntracellular
ThiolRedoxStatusinViableTCellsfromHeterogeneousPopulations........ 53
AlexJ.Wadley,RhysG.Morgan,RichardL.Darley,PaulS.Hole,
andStevenJ.Coles
6 DetectionofS-NitrosationandS-GlutathionylationoftheHuman
Branched-ChainAminotransferaseProteins ................................ 71
ThomasE.ForshawandMyraE.Conway
7 ImagingofIntracellularHydrogenPeroxideProduction
withHyPer uponStimulationofHeLaCellswithEGF...................... 85
KseniyaN.Markvicheva,EkaterinaA.Bogdanova,
DmitryB.Staroverov,SergeiLukyanov,andVsevolodV.Belousov
8 ApplicationsofElectronParamagneticResonance(EPR)Spectroscopy
intheStudyofOxidativeStressinBiologicalSystems ....................... 93
SimonK.Jackson
9 ExtracellularandIntracellularNODetectioninPlants
byDiaminofluoresceins.................................................. 103
NeidiqueleMariaSilveira,EduardoCarusoMachado,
andRafaelVasconcelosRibeiro
10 WorkingwithHypoxia .................................................. 109
ElizabethBowlerandMichaelR.Ladomery
11 PredictingtheEffectsofLowDose-RateIonizingRadiation
onRedoxPotentialinPlantCells......................................... 135
NicolCaplinandNeilWilley
vii
viii Contents
12 Thioredoxin-1PEGylationasanInVitroMethodforDrug
TargetIdentification .................................................... 143
JolantaSkalska
13 Redox-Regulated,TargetedAffinityIsolationofNADH-Dependent
ProteinInteractionswiththeBranchedChainAminotransferase
Proteins ............................................................... 151
MayaE.L.HindyandMyraE.Conway
14 AnalysisofRedoxRelationshipsinthePlantCellCycle:Determination
ofAscorbate,Glutathione,andPoly(ADPribose)polymerase
(PARP)inPlantCellCultures............................................ 165
ChristineH.Foyer,TillK.Pellny,VittoriaLocato,JonathonHull,
andLauraDeGara
15 EquationstoSupportRedoxExperimentation ............................. 183
JohnT.HancockandMatthewWhiteman
Index ...................................................................... 197
Contributors
JOELALLAINGUILLAUME (cid:1) FacultyofHealthandAppliedSciences,UniversityoftheWestof
England,Bristol,UK
VSEVOLOD V.BELOUSOV (cid:1) Shemyakin-OvchinnikovInstituteofBioorganicChemistry,
Moscow,RussianFederation;PirogovRussianNationalResearchMedicalUniversity,
Moscow,RussianFederation
EKATERINAA.BOGDANOVA (cid:1) Shemyakin-OvchinnikovInstituteofBioorganicChemistry,
Moscow,RussianFederation
ELIZABETHBOWLER (cid:1) CollegeofMedicineandHealth,UniversityofExeterMedicalSchool,
Exeter,UK
NICOLCAPLIN (cid:1) FacultyofHealthandAppliedSciences,UniversityoftheWestofEngland,
Bristol,UK
STEVENJ.COLES (cid:1) SchoolofScienceandtheEnvironment,UniversityofWorcester,Worcester,
UK
MYRAE.CONWAY (cid:1) DepartmentofAppliedSciences,UniversityoftheWestofEngland,
Bristol,UK
RICHARDL.DARLEY (cid:1) InstituteofCancerandGenetics,CardiffUniversitySchoolof
Medicine,Cardiff,UK
LAURA DEGARA (cid:1) FacultyofBiologicalSciences,UniversityofLeeds,Leeds,UK
THOMASE.FORSHAW (cid:1) FacultyofHealthandAppliedSciences,UniversityoftheWestof
England,Bristol,UK
CHRISTINEH.FOYER (cid:1) FacultyofBiologicalSciences,UniversityofLeeds,Leeds,UK
JOHNT.HANCOCK (cid:1) DepartmentofAppliedSciences,UniversityoftheWestofEngland,
Bristol,UK
MAYAE.L.HINDY (cid:1) FacultyofHealthandAppliedSciences,UniversityoftheWestof
England,Bristol,UK
PAULS.HOLE (cid:1) InstituteofCancerandGenetics,CardiffUniversitySchoolofMedicine,
Cardiff,UK
JONATHON HULL (cid:1) FacultyofBiologicalSciences,UniversityofLeeds,Leeds,UK;Faculty
HealthandAppliedSciences,UniversityoftheWestofEngland,Bristol,UK
SIMONK.JACKSON (cid:1) FacultyofMedicineandDentistry,InstituteofTranslationaland
StratifiedMedicine,SchoolofBiomedicalSciences,UniversityofPlymouth,Plymouth,UK
MICHAELR.LADOMERY (cid:1) FacultyofHealthandAppliedSciences,UniversityoftheWestof
England,Bristol,UK
MIROLISJAK (cid:1) FacultyofAgrobiotechnicalSciences,JosipJurajStrossmayerUniversityof
Osijek,Osijek,Croatia
VITTORIA LOCATO (cid:1) FacultyofBiologicalSciences,UniversityofLeeds,Leeds,UK
SERGEILUKYANOV (cid:1) Shemyakin-OvchinnikovInstituteofBioorganicChemistry,Moscow,
RussianFederation;PirogovRussianNationalResearchMedicalUniversity,Moscow,
RussianFederation
EDUARDOCARUSOMACHADO (cid:1) LaboratoryofPlantPhysiology“CoaracyM.Franco”,Center
R&DinEcophysiologyandBiophysics,AgronomicInstitute(IAC),Campinas,Brazil
KSENIYAN.MARKVICHEVA (cid:1) Shemyakin-OvchinnikovInstituteofBioorganicChemistry,
Moscow,RussianFederation
ix
x Contributors
KOSHAMEHTA (cid:1) SchoolofAppliedSciences,LondonSouthBankUniversity,London,UK
RHYSG.MORGAN (cid:1) SchoolofLifeSciences,UniversityofSussex,Brighton,UK
VINOODB.PATEL (cid:1) SchoolofLifeSciences,UniversityofWestminster,Westminster,UK
TILLK.PELLNY (cid:1) FacultyofBiologicalSciences,UniversityofLeeds,Leeds,UK
RAFAELVASCONCELOSRIBEIRO (cid:1) LaboratoryofCropPhysiology,DepartmentofPlantBiology,
InstituteofBiology,UniversityofCampinas(UNICAMP),Campinas,Brazil
NEIDIQUELEMARIA SILVEIRA (cid:1) LaboratoryofPlantPhysiology“CoaracyM.Franco”,Center
R&DinEcophysiologyandBiophysics,AgronomicInstitute(IAC),Campinas,Brazil
JOLANTASKALSKA (cid:1) CollegeofLiberalArtsandSciences,AlfredUniversity,Alfred,NY,USA;
CaptorTherapeuticsSA,Dunska,Wroclaw,Poland
DMITRYB.STAROVEROV (cid:1) Shemyakin-OvchinnikovInstituteofBioorganicChemistry,
Moscow,RussianFederation
TIHANATEKLIC (cid:1) FacultyofAgrobiotechnicalSciences,JosipJurajStrossmayerUniversityof
Osijek,Osijek,Croatia
ALEXJ.WADLEY (cid:1) SchoolofSport,ExerciseandHealthSciences,LoughboroughUniversity,
Loughborough,UK
MATTHEWWHITEMAN (cid:1) MedicalSchoolBuilding,UniversityofExeter,Exeter,UK
NEILWILLEY (cid:1) FacultyofHealthandAppliedSciences,UniversityoftheWestofEngland,
Bristol,UK
ELEANORWILLIAMS (cid:1) FacultyofHealthandAppliedSciences,UniversityoftheWestof
England,Bristol,UK;HorizonDiscoveryLtd.,Cambridge,UK
IAND.WILSON (cid:1) FacultyofHealthandAppliedSciences,UniversityoftheWestofEngland,
Bristol,UK
MARKE.WOOD (cid:1) GeoffreyPopeBuilding,UniversityofExeter,Exeter,UK