Radiology Illustrated: Pediatric Radiology

1077 Pages·2014·124.08 MB·English

by  In-One Kim (eds.)

In-One Kim
Editor
Radiology Illustrated
P ediatric Radiology
123
R adiology Illustrated
For further volumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/11755
I n-One K im
E ditor
R adiology Illustrated:
Pediatric Radiology
E ditor
I n-One K im, M.D.
D epartment of Radiology
S eoul National University Hospital
Seoul National University College of Medicine
S eoul
R epublic of South Korea
I SBN 978-3-642-35572-1 ISBN 978-3-642-35573-8 (eBook)
D OI 10.1007/978-3-642-35573-8
S pringer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London
L ibrary of Congress Control Number: 2014935879
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2 014
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is
concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction
on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation,
computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this
legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally
for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the
Publisher's location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions
for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution
under the respective Copyright Law.
T he use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not
imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and
regulations and therefore free for general use.
While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither
the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may
be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.
P rinted on acid-free paper
S pringer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
P refa ce
I nterpreting the radiological images of pediatric patients reminds us of a saying ‘A child is not
merely a small adult’. In order to deal w ith pediatric diseases, the approaches of adult radiol-
ogy in principle and daily practice need to be modifi ed. The scope of pediatric radiology has
now become wide and complex comparable with the adult medicine. We have tried to cover
most of the topics and varieties of diseases in the pediatric radiology fi eld, which was not an
easy task.
R adiology Illustrated: Pediatric Radiology is designed to provide a practical overview of
pediatric imaging diagnosis covering both common and uncommon disease states with rather
typical illustrations. This book consists of concise keynote texts and case-based atlas of images
with comprehensive reviews organized by the anatomic organs from the brain to the musculo-
skeletal system.
This book is directed to provide the most suitable reference in daily practice and study for
radiology residents, fellows or students and informative help or teaching aides for general
radiologists dealing with the care of children. It also serves as a practical guide of radiological
approaches with a variety of imaging in pediatric disorders for pediatricians or pediatric physi-
cians in various medical and surgical subspecialties.
I am very fortunate to have the opportunity of being part of this exciting work by virtue of
the publisher, Springer, with capable colleagues in pediatric radiology, mostly the members of
the Korean Society of Pediatric Radiology. I deeply appreciate the support of my colleagues
who kindly gave their time and effort in writing the chapters. I dedicate the b ook to my teach-
ers, parents and relatives, and most importantly to children with diseases. The production of
this book was greatly inspired by the need to treat children who had to live through the pain of
their sickness.
S eoul, K orea I n-One K im, M.D.
v
C ontents
Part I Neuroradiology: Brain/Spine
1 Congenital Anomalies of the Brain and Spinal Cord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
In-One Kim
2 Metabolic Diseases of the Brain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
In-One Kim
3 Infection and Infl ammatory Diseases of the Central Nervous System . . . . . . . . 75
In-One Kim
4 Neoplasms of the Brain and Spine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Ji Hye Kim
5 Brain and Spine Injury and Cerebral Vascular Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Ji Hye Kim
6 Neurosonography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Young Seok Lee
Part II Neuroradiology: Head and Neck
7 Congenital Malformations of the Head and Neck. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Hee Jung Lee
8 Infectious and Traumatic Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
Hye-Kyung Yoon
9 Neoplasms of the Head and Neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Hee Jung Lee
Part III Chest
10 CT Findings of Congenital Lung Malformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
Hyun Woo Goo
11 Neonatal Chest Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
Young Hun Choi and In-One Kim
12 Pediatric Airway Disorders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
Evan J. Zucker, Kushaljit S. Sodhi, Ricardo Restrepo, and Edward Y. Lee
13 Infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433
Bernard F. Laya
14 Tumors of the Pediatric Chest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
Gye Yeon Lim
vii
viii Contents
15 Pediatric Diffuse Lung Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507
Evan J. Zucker and Edward Y. Lee
Part IV Cardiovascular System
16 Pediatric Cardiac Imaging I: CT and MR Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525
Whal Lee and Eun-Ah Park
17 CT and MRI Findings of Cardiac Defects in Congenital Heart Disease . . . . . . 553
Hyun Woo Goo
18 Congenital Thoracic Vascular Anomalies and Associated Airway Diseases . . . 573
Yang Min Kim
Part V Abdomen
19 Congenital and Neonatal Gastrointestinal Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603
Sun Wha Lee
20 Non-neonatal Gastrointestinal Diseases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 629
So-Young Yoo
21 Infl ammation, Infection, and Neoplasms in the Abdomen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665
Jung-Eun Cheon
22 Liver, Biliary Tract, Pancreas, and Spleen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683
Mi-Jung Lee and Myung-Joon Kim
Part VI Genitourinary System
23 Congenital Anomalies of the Upper Urinary Tract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723
Mi-Jung Lee
24 Cystic Renal Disease and Neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759
Tae Il Han
25 Urinary Tract Infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 793
Myung-Joon Kim
26 Bladder and Urethra Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 803
Su-Mi Shin
27 Pediatric Uterus, Ovary, and Testis Diseases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835
Yong-Woo Kim
Part VII Musculoskeletal System
28 Genetic Skeletal Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887
Jung-Eun Cheon
29 Soft Tissue Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 913
Choon-Sik Yoon and Sungjun Kim
30 Pediatric Skeletal Trauma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 951
Tae Yeon Jeon and So-Young Yoo
31 Infection and Infl ammation of the Musculoskeletal System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 969
Hee Kyung Kim
Contents ix
32 Pediatric Bone Tumors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1007
Hye-Kyung Yoon
33 Pediatric Hip Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1039
Jung-Eun Cheon
34 Miscellaneous Musculoskeletal Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1063
Hong Eo
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1085