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NIST SP 838-10 ^Allies 0370ab Summaries Project 1996 U.S. Department Commerce of Technology Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology Project Summaries 1996 NIST SP 838-10 NIST & Building File Laboratory Noel Raufaste J. September 996 1 U.S. Department Commerce of Michael Kantor, Secretary Technology Administration Mary L. Good, Under Secretary forTechnology National institute of Standards and Technology Arati Prabhakar, Director 0 National Institute of Standards U.S. Government Printing Office For sale by the Superintendent and Technology Washington: 1996 of Documents Special Publication 838-1 U.S. Government Printing Office Natl. Inst. Stand. Techno!. Washington, DC 20402 Spec. Publ. 838-10 202 pages (Sept. 1996) CODEN: NSPUE2 FOREWORD industry leaders; together they have defined the NCGs. The goals are to provide cost- The National Institute of Standards and effective technologies and practices by Technology's (NIST), Building and Fire 2003 thatwill achieve the following Research Laboratory (BFRL) is one of improvements in the life cycle performance NISPs seven Laboratories. The mission of of constructed facilities over average 1994 BFRL is to enhance the competitiveness of practices: U.S. industry and public safety through o 50 percent reduction in delivery time, performance prediction and measurement o 50 percent reduction in operation, technologies and technical advances that maintenance, and energy costs, improve the life cycle quality ofconstructed o 30 percent increase in productivity and facilities. Constructed facilities include aU comfort. buildings and their furnishings and the o 50 percent fewer occupancy-related public and private utilities and public illnesses and injuries, works that support business, commerce, o 50 percent less waste and pollution, industry, and homes. BFRL's efforts are o 50 percent more durability and closely coordinated with complementary flexibility. activities ofindustry, professional and trade o 50 percent fewer construction illnesses organizations, academe, and other agencies and injuries. ofgoverrmient. This annual report. Project Summaries 1996, Construction is one ofthe Nation's largest presents BFRL's research during 1996. industries. In 1995, total construction These summaries show how our products amounted to about $755 billion which is (performance prediction, measurement, 12 percent ofU.S. GDP (new construction and test methods) support the industries of put in place amounted to about $527 construction in achieving the NCGs. BFRL billion and renovation contributed about has focused its research in three principal $228 billion). U.S. construction accounts thrusts: for more than six million jobs. More than 1. High Performance Construction 60% of the nation's wealth is invested in Materials and Systems, constructed facilities. 2. Automation in Construction and Constructed Facilities, BFRL's research is focused and linkedwith 3. Loss Reduction. collaborative private-and public-sector activities to help achieve the National BFRL's research is in the areas of: Construction Goals (NCGs) developed structural engineering, materials with industry by President Clinton's engineering, mecharucal and environmental National Science and Technology Council's systems, fire safety and engineering, fire Subcommittee on Construction and science, and applied economics. Building (C&JB). This Subcommittee coordinates the federal construction-related In High Performance Construction R&JD to enhance the competitiveness of Materials and Systems, BFRL's projects U.S. industry, public and worker safety, include: high performance concrete, and enviroimiental quality. BFRL is a co- building life cycle cost computer program, chair of this 16 Federal agency body. high performance mechanical systems, During the past 2 years, C&B has had finishes, and funushings, "natural" major interactions with construction alternative refrigerants for heat pumps, and iii our search, with industry, for alternative facility; large-scale structtiral testing facility MN fire suppressants. with the 53 (12-million poxmd) universal structural testing machine; Within the automation thrust, research is environmental chambers; guarded hot- addressing development ofnew techniques plate; calibrated hot-box; plumbing tower; and standards for real-time construction building materials imaging and modeling metrology and a national standard for laboratory; large bum facility for kinematic modeling ofconstruction site conducting experimental fires in full-scale machinery and displaying graphical and related combustion toxicity facility; representations. With U.S. industry, BFRL large industrial fire test facilities; fire is developing the capability to represent suppression test facilities; and a fire and exchange information supporting the simulation laboratory. design and construction of structural systems using internationally accepted BFRL works closely with its international protocols. Conformance tests are being peer organizations to maintain awareness developed for products complying with offoreign research developments, assure standards for the open exchange of that generic research efforts are information between equipment from complementary, and represent U.S. different control vendors and between interests in the preparation ofinternational different levels of control in hierarchal and standards and practices. BFRL cooperates distributed building management systems. closely with other U.S. and foreign laboratories in the conduct ofits research. In the loss reduction thrust, BFRL research More than 90 research associates from U.S. includes next generation design standards industry, guest researchers from foreign forwind loads to develop key elements of laboratories, and faculty members from an improved wind load design standard universities worked at BFRL during 1995 that will use existing databases and state-of- for periods averaging about a year. BFRL the-art computational methods for has direct linkages with industry through establishing site-specific design wind speeds its 45 Cooperative Research and and the corresponding steady and DevelopmentAgreements (CRADAs). BFRL fluctuating structural loads. is constructing a user-friendlyversion ofits BFRL participates in more than 130 CFAST model (FASTLite) which can be national and international standardization used by fibre protection engineers and fire activities; provides leadership in these service personnel with a minimum of national and international standardization training, and developing protocols to organizations and chairs more than 20 quantify the accuracy ofcomputer-based voluntary standardization activities. predictive fire models. Aimually BFRL publishes over 220 reports, articles for research journals and articles for Each of the BFRL research summaries is professional and trade journals, and formatted by project title, the BFRL point computer model software packages. BFRL of contact, sponsor, description ofthe staff aimually makes hundreds of research, and recent results. presentations at professional and techiucal meetings ofbuilding community BFRL's laboratory facilities are an organizations, is host to more than 1,700 important resource. Facilities include: visitors to its facilities, and responds to six-degree-of-freedom structural testing more than 19,000 requests for information. iv BFRL conducts symposia in cooperation with other organizations concerned with building research and practice and hosts biweekly Fire Research Seminars for NIST staff and colleagues from the fire commuiuty. These meetings are effective means oftransferring the latest knowledge to practitioners and peer researchers. The Fire Research Information Service (FRIS) consisting of national and international fire research literature and FIREDOC, the automated database offire research literature, is the only comprehensive national library resource for the fire community. At the beginning of FY 1996, BFRL had about 217 employees ofwhich 129 are professional staff, 71 have Ph.D.s, and 26 are registered engineers. BFRL's budget for FY 1996 is $30 million. Funding comes from direct appropriations ($18 million), from other Federal agencies ($10 million) and from the private sector ($2 million). For further information about BFRL, its facilities, opportunities for Guest Researcher assignments, collaborative programs, and contracted research, may be reached through BFRL's Home Page at: httpy/www.bfrl.nist.gov or contact BFRL's Office ofCooperative Research Programs, Building 226, Room B250, NIST, MD Gaithersburg, 20899. Persons requesting information may want to contact BFRL using facsimile number 301- 975-4032 or E-mail [email protected]. r i CONTENTS FEMA FOREWORD Technical Assistance to Project Officer 111 (New Buildings) 18 Secretariat U.S.-Side Panel on Wind and EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING Seismic Effects 19 Seismic Evaluation of Buried Pipelines .... 3 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING Guidelines for Liquid Fuel Distribution Systems 5 Construction Automation 23 Performance Requirements for Passive Energy High-Performance Concrete: Design and Dissipation Systems for Buildings and Construction Practices 25 Lifeline Structures 6 Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Seismic Performance of Precast Concrete Structures in Construction 27 Connections 7 High-Performance Steel 28 Digital Database of Cyclic Lateral Load Tests on Rectangular R/C Colunms 8 Fire Resistance of High-Strength Concrete 29 Seismic Strengthening Methodologies for Existing Lightly RC Frame Buildings 9 Next Generation Design Standard for Wind Loads 30 Seismic Resistance of Partially Grouted Masonry Shear Walls 10 Assessment ofTubular Steel Joints in Existing Offshore Structures 31 Performance of Rehabilitated Masonry Buildings and Development of Performance- COATINGS AND OTHER based Rehabilitation Guidelines 12 MATERIALS Seismic Performance of Cladding Systems 13 Coatings Service Life Prediction Consortium 35 Seismic Performance of Non-Structural Ceiling Components 14 Integrated Knowledge System for Corrosion- Protective Coatings for High-Performance Laterial Loads on Manufactured Homes . . 15 Steel 36 Management of the Interagency Committee Database Architectures for the Properties of on Seismic Safety in Construction Construction Materials 37 (ICSSC) 16 Performance Criteria for Enclosures for Lead- FEMA Technical Assistance to Project Officer Based Paint 38 (Existing Buildings) 18 Vll Performance Criteria for Selection of Liquid- Matrix Microcracking in Polymer Composites Coating Encapsulant for Lead-Based Under Environmental and Mechanical Paint 39 Stresses 58 Method for Evaluation of Performance of Service Life Prediction of Polymer/Fiber Lead-in-Paint Measuring Devices Under Composites in Civil Engineering Simulated Field Conditions 40 Applications 59 Factors Affecting the Leaching of Lead from Static and Fatigue Resistance of Polymer- Lead-Based Paint Films 42 matrix Composites Irrunersed in Simulated Sea Water 60 Managing Lead-Related Hazards in Housing 43 Spectral Ultra Violet-B Radiation Database 62 Technical Assistance on Lead-Based Paint Issues 43 Cementitious Materials Modeling Laboratory (CMML) 63 Performance of Tape-Bonded Seams in Elastomeric Roofing Membranes 44 Testing ofU.S. Capitol Pavers 63 International Standards for Design Life of Buildings 45 COMPUTER INTEGRATED CONSTRUCTION CONCRETE STEP for the Process Plant Industries ... 67 Computer-Integrated Knowledge Systems for AMSANT for the Process Plant High-Performance Construction Industries 68 Materials and Systems 49 Process Plant Engineering and Construction: Computer-Integrated Knowledge Systems for Structural Systems 69 High-Performance Construction Materials and Systems: High-Performance STEP for the Building Industry 69 Concrete 50 Object Oriented Implementation of Microstructure-Property Relationships in STEP 70 Random Porous Materials 52 Processing of High-Performance HEAT TRANSFER Concrete 53 Development of 2-Dimensional Heat and Three-Dimensional Microstructural/Kinetic Moisture Transfer 73 Model of Cement Hydration 54 Test Procedures forAdvanced Thermal Development of Microstructure and Insulation Products 74 Permeability in Mortar and Concrete .... 55 Low-Temperature and High-Temperature Characterization of Clinker, Cement, and Thermal Insulation Reference Materials 75 Raws in Cement Paste and Concrete .... 56 . . SRM Fibrous-Glass Thermal Insulation 76 Transport Properties of High-Performance . . Concrete 57 ! viii