Prof. Lina Unali Programma del corso di Letteratura Anglo-americana Specialistiche LLEA Modulo ...

144 Pages·2013·16.37 MB·English

Prof. Lina Unali
Programma del corso di Letteratura Anglo-americana Specialistiche LLEA
Modulo A+B

T.S. Eliot, The Waste Land, “I. The Burial of the Dead”

Prime note che T.S. Eliot appose alla Terra Desolata

Brano iniziale dell’articolo "E.U. Fines Microsoft $732 Million Over Browser", New
York Times, 6 marzo 2013

Note relative a T.S. Eliot, The Waste Land, “I. The Burial of the Dead”

Brano iniziale dell’articolo " Endangered or Not, but at Least No Longer Waiting", New
York Times, 6 marzo 2013

T.S. Eliot, The Waste Land, “II. A Game of Chess” (testo inglese e traduzione italiana)

Note di Eliot al II libro della Terra desolata

Brano dall’Antonio e Cleopatra (Atto II, scena ii) di Shakespeare a cui Eliot si riferisce
nella prima metà di “A Game of Chess”

Testo delle pagine 2 e 3 di J.L. Weston, “From Ritual To Romance”

Brano iniziale da The Golden Bough di J.G. Frazer relativo al Tempio di Diana a Nemi

Appunto 1 relativo a Maria Maddalena che tiene in mano il Graal nella Chiesa di Santa
Maddalena a Roma

Appunto 2 relativo al cerchio di divinità femminili nell’antica Roma nei dintorni del
Pantheon

Brano iniziale dell’articolo "Judge Blocks New York City’s Limits on Big Sugary
Drinks", New York Times, 11 marzo 2013

T.S. Eliot, The Waste Land, “III. The Fire Sermon”

Note di Eliot al III libro della Terra desolata

F.S. Fitzgerald, “Love in the Night”

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Lina Unali, Presentazione di “Love in the Night”, racconto breve di Francis Scott
Fitzgerald pubblicato nel 1925 sul Saturday Evening Post

Lina Unali, Introduzione a Mente e misura. La poesia di William Carlos Williams,
Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura, Roma, 1970, pp. 11-48.

Lina Unali, “6.5 Cina e America”, in Rapporto sulla Cina, Editori Riuniti University
Press, Roma, 2012, pp. 261-276

T.S. Eliot, The Waste Land, “IV. Death by Water” e “V. What the Thunder Said”

Note di Eliot al V libro della Terra desolata

Dispensa sul Free Verse

The New Yorker, “An Unfinished Woman. The desires of Margaret Fuller”, brani
dell’articolo e copertina del 1 aprile 2013

Dispensina fotografica dei luoghi abitati dagli artisti americani espatriati (Foto: Rapallo,
Albergo Europa; Hotel Riviera di Rapallo al tempo di Hemingway; Cannes vecchia)

Lina Unali, Le note alla Terra desolata, il mondo psichico e metamorfico presente nel
poema

Ernest Hemingway, “Cat in the Rain”

Ernest Hemingway, “On the Quai at Smyrna”

Ernest Hemingway, “The Snows of Kilimanjaro”

Notizie del New York Times in tempo reale relative al cosiddetto Boston attack e
all’esplosione in Texas (19 aprile 2013)

Lina Unali, Nota su un aspetto di “The Snows of Kilimanjaro” di Ernest Hemingway

J.M. Roberts, “European Revolution”, in The Penguin History of Europe, Penguin
Books, Londra, 1997, pp. 512-513

T.S. Eliot, “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”

T.S. Eliot, “Aunt Helen”, “Cousin Nancy”

Lina Unali, Note su “Aunt Helen” e “Cousin Nancy”

F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night (1934), BOOK 1, Chapter I
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Brano dell’articolo “The Talk of the Town”, The New Yorker, 8 maggio 2013

Brano iniziale di The Old Man and the Sea di Ernest Hemingway (Charles Scribner’s
Sons, New York, 1962, pp. 1-2)

Brano tratto da Ernest Hemingway, The Old Man and the Sea (Charles Scribner’s Sons,
New York, 1962, pp. 9-10)

F.S. Fitzgerald lavora in un’agenzia pubblicitaria a Manhattan negli anni venti (articolo
del New Yorker, 6 maggio 2013)

Lina Unali, Nota sulla comunicazione letteraria nel primo mezzo secolo del ’900: T.S.
Eliot (1888-1965), I.A. Richards (1893-1979) e Marshall McLuhan (1911-1980)

T.S. Eliot, Assassinio nella Cattedrale (traduzione di Giovanni Castelli, revisione di
Raffaello Lavagna), citazione dall’Introduzione e dal testo

Brano dell’articolo “Laptop U. Has the future of college moved online?”, The New
Yorker, 20 maggio 2013

Brano dell’articolo “Søren K.’s Two-Hundredth Birthday”, The New Yorker, 21 maggio
2013

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Prof. Unali Dispensa Letteratura americana LLEA 7-9 marzo 2013

T.S. Eliot (1888–1965). The Waste Land. 1922.

The Waste Land

I. THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD

APRIL is the cruellest month, breeding
Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing
Memory and desire, stirring
Dull roots with spring rain.
Winter kept us warm, covering 5
Earth in forgetful snow, feeding
A little life with dried tubers.
Summer surprised us, coming over the Starnbergersee
With a shower of rain; we stopped in the colonnade,
And went on in sunlight, into the Hofgarten, 10
And drank coffee, and talked for an hour.
Bin gar keine Russin, stamm’ aus Litauen, echt deutsch.
And when we were children, staying at the archduke’s,
My cousin’s, he took me out on a sled,
And I was frightened. He said, Marie, 15
Marie, hold on tight. And down we went.
In the mountains, there you feel free.
I read, much of the night, and go south in the winter.

4
What are the roots that clutch, what branches grow
Out of this stony rubbish? Son of man, 20
You cannot say, or guess, for you know only
A heap of broken images, where the sun beats,
And the dead tree gives no shelter, the cricket no relief,
And the dry stone no sound of water. Only
There is shadow under this red rock, 25
(Come in under the shadow of this red rock),
And I will show you something different from either
Your shadow at morning striding behind you
Or your shadow at evening rising to meet you;
I will show you fear in a handful of dust. 30
Frisch weht der Wind
Der Heimat zu,
Mein Irisch Kind,
Wo weilest du?
35
“You gave me hyacinths first a year ago;
They called me the hyacinth girl.”
—Yet when we came back, late, from the Hyacinth garden,
Your arms full, and your hair wet, I could not
Speak, and my eyes failed, I was neither
Living nor dead, and I knew nothing, 40
Looking into the heart of light, the silence.
Öd’ und leer das Meer.

5
Madame Sosostris, famous clairvoyante,
Had a bad cold, nevertheless
Is known to be the wisest woman in Europe, 45
With a wicked pack of cards. Here, said she,
Is your card, the drowned Phoenician Sailor,
(Those are pearls that were his eyes. Look!)
Here is Belladonna, the Lady of the Rocks,
The lady of situations. 50
Here is the man with three staves, and here the Wheel,
And here is the one-eyed merchant, and this card,
Which is blank, is something he carries on his back,
Which I am forbidden to see. I do not find
The Hanged Man. Fear death by water. 55
I see crowds of people, walking round in a ring.
Thank you. If you see dear Mrs. Equitone,
Tell her I bring the horoscope myself:
One must be so careful these days.

Unreal City, 60
Under the brown fog of a winter dawn,
A crowd flowed over London Bridge, so many,
I had not thought death had undone so many.
Sighs, short and infrequent, were exhaled,
And each man fixed his eyes before his feet. 65
Flowed up the hill and down King William Street,
To where Saint Mary Woolnoth kept the hours
With a dead sound on the final stroke of nine.
There I saw one I knew, and stopped him, crying “Stetson!
You who were with me in the ships at Mylae! 70
That corpse you planted last year in your garden,
Has it begun to sprout? Will it bloom this year?
Or has the sudden frost disturbed its bed?
Oh keep the Dog far hence, that’s friend to men,
Or with his nails he’ll dig it up again! 75
You! hypocrite lecteur!—mon semblable,—mon frère!”

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Dal momento che l’interpretazione della Terra Desolata si baserà anche sulle note che
T.S. Eliot appose alla Terra Desolata, si trascrivono qui le prime note.

Eliot's original notes have been supplemented by additional notations, which
appear in green like so. I have taken several notes directly from M. H. Abrams et
al., eds., The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 6th ed., vol. 2 (NY: Norton,
1993). I have also drawn heavily on A Guide to the Selected Poems of T.S. Eliot
by B. C. Southam.

The title probably originates with Malory's Morte d'Arthur. A poem strikingly
similar in theme and language called Waste Land, written by Madison Cawein,
was published in 1913.
Eliot's original title for the poem was He do the Policemen in Different Voices, a
reference to Our Mutual Friend by Charles Dickens, and is a comment on the skill
of Sloppy in reading out Court cases from the newspapers.
Epigraph I have seen with my own eyes the Sibyl hanging in a jar, and when the
boys asked her "What do you want?" She answered,
"I want to die."
Petronius, Satyricon
The Cumaean Sibyl was the most famous of the Sibyls, the prophetic old women
of Greek mythology; she guided Aeneas through Hades in the Aeneid. She had
been granted immortality by Apollo, but because she forgot to ask for perpetual
youth, she shrank into withered old age and her authority declined.
Dedication The better craftsman.
(Purgatorio xxvi, 117)
Not only the title, but the plan and a good deal of the incidental symbolism of the
poem were suggested by Miss Jessie L. Weston's book on the Grail legend: From
Ritual to Romance (Macmillan). Indeed, so deeply am I indebted, Miss Weston's
book will elucidate the difficulties of the poem much better than my notes can do;
and I recommend it (apart from the great interest of the book itself) to any who
think such elucidation of the poem worth the trouble. To another work of
anthropology I am indebted in general, one which has influenced our generation
profoundly; I mean The Golden Bough; I have used especially the two volumes
Adonis, Attis, Osiris. Anyone who is acquainted with these works will
immediately recognize in the poem certain references to vegetation ceremonies.

Si trae poi spunto dalle note per analizzare l’opera citata da Eliot di Jessie L. Weston
intitolata From Ritual to Romance, fondamentalmente basata su una sua analisi del
Santo Graal: “Some years ago, when fresh from the study of Sir J.G. Frazer's epoch-
making work, The Golden Bough, I was struck by the resemblance existing between
certain features of the Grail story, and characteristic details of the Nature Cults
described”.
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Business Day
Technology

E.U. Fines Microsoft $732 Million Over
Browser
By JAMES KANTER
Published: March 6, 2013

BRUSSELS — The European Commission on Wednesday fined Microsoft €561
million for failing to live up to a settlement agreement offering consumers a choice of
Internet browsers.
The fine, equivalent to $732 million, is first time that E.U. regulators have punished a
company for neglecting to comply with the terms of an antitrust settlement, and it could
signal their determination to enforce deals in other cases, including one involving
Google, where such an agreement is under discussion.
8
Prof. Unali Dispensa n. 2 Letteratura americana LLEA

Note relative a T.S. Eliot, The Waste Land, The Burial of the Dead

Line
12.I am not Russian at all; I come from Lithuania, I am a real German
18.Eliot derived most of the ideas in this passage from My Past by the Countess Marie
Larisch.
20. Cf. Ezekiel 2:7.
23. Cf. Ecclesiastes 12:5.
30. Cf. Donne's Devotions. Evelyn Waugh took this phrase for the title of his novel, A
Handful of Dust .
31. The wind blows fresh
To the Homeland
My Irish Girl
Where are you lingering?
V. Tristan und Isolde, i, verses 5-8.
42. Desolate and empty the sea
Id. iii, verse 24.
43. A mock Egyptian name (suggested to Eliot by 'Sesostris, the Sorceress of Ecbatana',
the name assumed by a character in Aldous Huxley's novel Crome Yellow who dresses
up as a gypsy to tell fortunes at a fair).
46. I am not familiar with the exact constitution of the Tarot pack of cards, from which I
have obviously departed to suit my own convenience. The Hanged Man, a member of
the traditional pack, fits my purpose in two ways: because he is associated in my mind
with the Hanged God of Frazer, and because I associate him with the hooded figure in
the passage of the disciples to Emmaus in Part V. The Phoenician Sailor and the
Merchant appear later; also the 'crowds of people', and Death by Water is executed in
Part IV. The Man with Three Staves (an authentic member of the Tarot pack) I
associate, quite arbitrarily, with the Fisher King himself.
55. On his card in the Tarot pack, the Hanged Man is shown hanging from one foot
from a T-shaped cross. He symbolizes the self-sacrifice of the fertility god who is killed
in order that his resurrection may bring fertility once again to land and people.
60. Cf. Baudelaire:
Fourmillante cité, cité pleine de rêves,
Où le spectre en plein jour raccroche le passant.
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63. Cf. Dante's Inferno, iii. 55-7:
si lunga tratta
di gente, ch'io non avrei mai creduto
che morte tanta n'avesse disfatta.
So long a train of people, that I should never have believed death had undone so many.
64. Cf. 63. Cf. Dante's Inferno, iv. 25-27:
Quivi, secondo che per ascoltare,
non avea pianto, ma' che di sospiri,
che l'aura eterna facevan tremare.
Here there was no plaint, that could be heard, except of sighs, which caused the eternal
air to tremble.
68. A phenomenon which I have often noticed.
69. Some have taken 'Stetson' to be a reference to Pound, who wore a sombrero-stetson.
Eliot, however, denied that it had any connection to an actual person.
74. Cf. the Dirge in Webster's White Devil.
76. Hypocrite reader! - my doppelganger - my brother!
V. Baudelaire, Preface to Fleurs du Mal.

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